( 1)
Liu Gongquan (AD 778-865), a native of Jingzhao Garden (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province), was a scholar. Mu Zongshi moved to imperial academy as a bachelor of book service to seal Yuan Wailang and became a tired official and prince, so he was also called "Liu". Upright and upright, he is a great calligrapher in the late Tang Dynasty. He is good at seal cutting, cursive script, original works and lines, especially at regular script.
His calligraphy was first studied by two kings (namely, Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi and his son), and then he studied the coloring method since Sui and Tang Dynasties. Therefore, his works not only have the style of Wei Jin people, but also have the thinness of Sui Long Zang Temple Monument, and more absorbed the strengths of various factions since the early Tang Dynasty. Because he was influenced by Yan Shu in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, all his styles such as flip-flop and stick-off. , changed a lot to YanFa. Liu Gongquan absorbed the beauty of many families, melted into one furnace, and wrote a simple, elegant, vigorous and powerful calligraphy style, while Fiona Fang was an envoy with strict statutes and rich changes. Like Yan Zhenqing, he is a master of innovation since the Tang Dynasty.
At the same time, it is precisely because Liu Shu has the characteristics of luck, charm and approachability that it, like Yan Shu, is also a book with high practical value, which has a great influence on later generations and has never decayed. Especially in the regular script of the Tang Dynasty, Liu Gongquan and Yan Zhenqing all wrote inscriptions in block letters, and the font can be displayed as a table book, abbreviated as small and medium-sized regular script. So Liu Ti has been popular all over the world, and even spread to Japan and other countries. In China, it has been chosen as a model for beginners to learn regular script, and it is a good teaching material for correcting fonts and practicing basic skills of regular script.
(2)
There are two kinds of steles in Liu's biography: Xuanta stele and Shence Army stele.
I. Mysterious Pagoda Monument The mysterious pagoda monument was built by exorcist in the first year of Huichang, Tang Wuzong (AD 84 1 year). Written by Dr. Chao San and imperial envoy Cheng Peixiu, Liu Gongquan was 63 years old. The whole inscription 1200 words, the original stone is in Xi' an forest of steles. For more than 1000 years, calligraphy and painting have remained clear and complete despite their circulation.
This monument is neat and handsome in style, neat in brushwork, vigorous in bone, round and thicker than plain, which is the greatest feature of this monument and also the representative work of Liu Shu. Dong Qichang, a great painter and appraiser in Ming Dynasty, commented on Liu Shu's theory; "Yu Yu ChuYan Europe seems to be eleven years old. Self-study of Liu Cheng's "Hanging Fang" realized that the pen is ancient and powerless. From now on, I cannot abandon Liu Fa and go to the right army. " It means that it is a shortcut to learn the words of Wang Xizhi, the sage of Jin Dynasty, from Liu Fa. From the handwriting of Mysterious Tower Monument, we can observe the meaning of the two kings, and the simple explanation is very wonderful, which is enough to show that Dong's comments have been verified by practice.
Second, the Shence Army Monument Shence Army was originally a border guard in the Tang Dynasty. After the garrison was banned, it became the imperial guard and was divided into two armies. This monument was built in the third year of Huichang (AD 843) and was written by Liu Gongquan at the age of 65. The content recorded Tang Wuzong Li Zhuo's visit to Zuo Shence Army. Because the monument is located in the left Ce Shen military station, the garrison prohibits copying and expansion, so it rarely spreads to the outside world, so the inscription on the monument has not been damaged by beating and expansion, and the front is as sharp as new. Its calligraphy structure is grim, except for the multi-European method, and its pen is firm, which is a treasure that highly summarizes the previous methods. The world's evaluation of this monument is "the first wonderful trace of his life, because of his calm and gentle demeanor." Indeed, among Liu Shu's big-character steles, The Monument of the Shence Army is another masterpiece after The Mysterious Tower Monument. The existing rubbings, which were developed in the Five Dynasties or the early Song Dynasty, are the only rare relics. Especially this monument, because of its exquisite carving, exquisite handwriting and delicate spirit, is almost exactly the same as the original, which is really rare.
Characteristics of pen for second-rate characters
Hold the pen at the finger and raise the pen at the wrist; Stippling is formed on writing paper, and stippling accumulates to form fonts. Therefore, the key to the expression of font form lies in the pen for stippling. For example, the length of stippling, Fiona Fang's fatness, leaning back, vertical oblique arc, light and heavy symptoms, reflection and turning point between reality and reality, hidden front and exposed front, etc., are also related to the expression of font form. Each font has its own special attention and methods when using a pen, thus forming some of its characteristics. Therefore, beginners must master these key features first, so that it is easy to copy words in a similar or similar way. The following points should be grasped about the characteristics of Liu Zi's pen:
First, because Yan Shusheng is muscular and Liu Shusheng is muscular, the world calls it "Yan Liu Jingu". At the same time, because of this, the average beginner often pays too much attention to the strength, but ignores the rich side of Liu Shu, and writes Liu Zi too thinly, which must be noted.
See the Teaching Model of Liu Gongquan's Mysterious Pagoda Monument and Shence Army Monument in Regular Script /p/722500988.