Zhu Xi was a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty and a famous educator. He spent most of his life reading and teaching and provided many insightful insights. Shortly after his death, his disciples summarized his reading experience as "Zhu Xi's method of reading"
First, step by step. Zhu Xi said: "The method of reading is nothing more than following and improving. That is to say, there must be a sequence of reading, reading one book thoroughly, and then reading the next book. For reading a book, you must read it word by word, sentence by paragraph, and in order. When reading, you can't read the later ones until you understand them first. This way, you won't be confused or confused. Zhu Xi further pointed out that reading should be done from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, from near to far, without being hasty or slow. No. “The so-called impatient thing is that the results cannot be impatient; the so-called impatient thing is that the work cannot be done slowly. "This is to tell the readers that they should neither rush for success nor be lax, but should progress at an appropriate pace to achieve results.
Second, read carefully. He believes that some people do not achieve much from reading. It’s because he didn’t put enough effort into the words “mature” and “fine”. He also criticized the tendency to read too much and repeatedly said, “You must not be greedy for too much reading, but must be proficient in it. If you can only read one board today, let’s look at half the board, and use that energy to focus on the first half."
Third, be humble and open-minded. Zhu Xi once criticized two common problems at that time: one is " "Self-intentioned" means to use one's own ideas to speculate on the truth in the book, and to distort the original meaning of the ancients. The second is "the theory of old ancestors", which is to refuse to give up the previously accepted views, thus rejecting the acceptance of new ones.
In order to correct the above two bad problems, Zhu Xi advocated that reading must be done with an open mind, to think quietly, and to carefully understand the author's original intention. Deeply understand the purpose of the practice.
Fourth, Qi has experienced it. Weixi advocates that "reading the truth should be practiced in one's own body." "What is "the essence is the essence"? It means to understand it from the heart and practice it personally. From the perspective of reading method, Zhu Xi emphasized that reading must be connected with oneself and reality, and the theory learned can be transformed into action. This view is advisable. < /p>
Fifth, work hard. "Work hard" has two meanings: First, it means to be tight on time, and "forget to eat when you are hungry, and forget to drink when you are thirsty." "The second point is to cheer up mentally. You must have a resolute and courageous spirit. "It's like pushing a boat on the water, and you can't slow down for a moment. ”