First of all, Xuan paper "originated in the Tang Dynasty and was produced in Jingxian County". Xuan paper is called "Xuan paper" because it originated in Jingxian County, Xuancheng, Anhui Province, and was named after Xuancheng. There are many classifications of Xuan paper, and there are four or five in the general direction. The most commonly used one is the first one, which will be heard or applied more.
(1) According to the processing method of rice paper, the types of rice paper can be divided into raw rice paper, cooked rice paper and semi-cooked rice paper.
1. The categories of health preservation are also divided into Jiagong, Jade Edition, Cleansing Skin, Single Promotion, Lian Mian, etc. Shengxuan is unprocessed, with strong water absorption and clear water, which is easy to produce rich Mo Yun changes. Used for freehand brushwork. Although Sheng Xuan's paintings are full of interest in ink, they are written immediately, and ink permeates quickly, which is not easy to master.
2. Cooked rice paper is coated with alum during processing, so the paper is hard and weak in water absorption, and the ink and color will not disperse when used. Therefore, the characteristics make cooked propaganda suitable for meticulous painting rather than ink freehand painting. Its disadvantage is that it will appear "alum leakage" or brittle crack when stored for a long time. Cooked Xuan can be reprocessed. Coral, mica paper, cold gold, wine gold, glutinous golden flower tendon and peach tiger skin are all reprocessed colored papers.
3. Semi-cooked Xuan, also known as semi-cooked Xuan, is also processed from raw Xuan, and its water absorption capacity is between the first two, and its effect is greatly reduced. Yu Ban Xuan belongs to this category.
(2) According to the variety and raw material proportion of rice paper, it can be divided into three categories: cotton material, clean skin and extra clean;
1. Generally speaking, cotton rice paper refers to paper with straw as the main raw material and sandalwood bark content of about 40%. Thin and light, soft and moist, suitable for general calligraphy and painting, but thin should not be too heavy.
2. Clear-skinned Xuan paper refers to paper with sandalwood skin content above 60%, supplemented by a small amount of straw, which is tough and soft and suitable for writing and painting.
3. The raw material content of special skin cleansing rice paper (referred to as special skin) is above 80%, and the special skin cleansing rice paper produced in Anhui won the national gold medal of 1979. It eats ink evenly, holds ink color, and sees marks when writing. Paintings are freehand, with distinct layers and bright colors; Small freehand brushwork is easy to control pen and ink; When used in calligraphy, the ink is bright and durable. Generally speaking, the heavier the leather composition of special leather, the better the paper bears tension and the better the quality; The corresponding use effect is: the higher the proportion of sandalwood, the richer the ink layers, the better the ink moistening effect, and the more able to withstand repeated rubbing with pen power without damaging the paper surface. This may also be one of the reasons why cotton Xuan paper is mostly used for calligraphy and leather paper is mostly used for painting-not to say that you can't write with clean leather or special leather paper, but cotton Xuan paper can basically meet the needs of calligraphy (unless your calligraphy style needs to be painted repeatedly in the same place with a brush).
(3) According to the specifications of rice paper, it can be divided into four feet, five feet, six feet, eight feet, two feet and six feet. This piece is difficult to understand, and some beginners don't know how to origami. I will elaborate on this piece in another article, so I won't say much here.
(4) According to the thickness of rice paper, it can be divided into three types: tie-flower, cotton-linked, single-propaganda and clip-propaganda.
(5) According to the grain of rice paper, it can be divided into single silk road, double silk road, rib, turtle grain, white deer, etc. In addition, there are raw and cooked ones, such as alum Xuan, cicada clothes, colored sprinkling gold, antique colored Xuan, watermark tiles and so on. * * * About 60 kinds.
There are more detailed classifications about classification, which need not be understood here. In fact, knowing these basics is enough.
Regarding the choice of rice paper, this is also very particular. What suits you? Nothing is expensive, but suitable for you.
For beginners, it is simply: thin paper is suitable for painting, thick paper is suitable for reading; Single Xuan Yi painting, folder Xuan Yi book. But it's not absolute. I have personal preferences.
Paper selection: When choosing Xuan paper, you should have some paper knowledge. Generally speaking, you should pay attention to the following points:
(a) at first glance-good paper is not necessarily white, too white shows that there are too many whitening agents, which is not conducive to long-term preservation; Paper white but not dazzling, soft reflection; No grass stalks, sand grains, cracks, holes or other attachments.
(2) Handfeel-smooth, delicate, uniform in thickness, smooth and wear-resistant.
(3) Shake paper-soft but not brittle. If there is a loud noise and a stiff feel, it is by no means good paper.
(4) Dip the ink test paper-good paper reaction: eat the ink quickly, spread it evenly, the ink edge is serrated, and then click it. After the ink is dried, the layers are distinct, the ink marks are clear, and there is a thin white print between the two ink spots. After mastering these points, you will know the quality of the paper at hand.
Finally, talk about the maintenance method of rice paper. Yes, rice paper should also be maintained.
The protection of rice paper is very important. Experts know that rice paper will get better and better if it is stored scientifically. In addition, how it is preserved has a great influence on calligraphy and painting.
Moisture-proof rice paper: The raw materials of rice paper are sandalwood and grass. Xuan paper is characterized by its strong water absorption. If exposed to the air, it is easy to absorb moisture in the air, and it is also easy to be contaminated with dust. Here, you can wrap it tightly with moisture-proof paper and put it in a higher place in the study or room. This can protect against moisture. Open the doors, windows and bookcases on sunny days, so that the moisture absorbed by the rice paper in the bookcase can be naturally emitted. In ancient times, there was a practice of drying books and paper (once or twice a year) to prevent rice paper from absorbing too much water and growing mildew. )
Insect prevention of rice paper: rice paper is called Millennium life paper, but it is not absolute. In pest control, for safety reasons, you can put one or two mothballs.
Another aspect that needs attention: 1. If the rice paper is wet, don't expose it to the sun, untie the moisture-proof paper that wraps the rice paper and let it naturally evaporate water in the natural air. Sunlight in sunny days will affect the life and performance of rice paper. 2. The storage place of rice paper should be far away from lampblack and humidity.
From this point of view, this paper is really exquisite. In fact, whatever we care about, they will give it back to us, making us comfortable to use.
The corresponding rice paper also has a brand. Here are some examples for your reference:
Shuanglu
Hongxing rice paper
Wang Tonghe rice paper
Gjesing rice paper
Wangliuji rice paper
Chen Lin brand rice paper (no store can be found online)
Tongxing rice paper (no branch can be found online)
Ji Tao rice paper
Wanxing rice paper (not found)
Jingxing rice paper (not found)
The above are the top ten brands of China Xuan paper, which may be more expensive. The following are also sold well online, and the price is not expensive. You can refer to them.
Senxuange
Anhui huixuange
Jimoxuan
Xuanyutang
Hongqi rice paper
Here, first introduce Xuan paper, and then introduce the size and folding of paper in detail. If there are any mistakes or incompleteness, please correct and supplement them!