Wujiang Pavilion Author: Du Mu
The victory or defeat of a strategist is unexpected, and Bao is a person with shame.
There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown.
[Edit this paragraph] Note
1. Wujiang Pavilion: Wujiangpu located in the northeast of Anhui County. "Historical Records of Xiang Yu" contains: Xiang Yu was defeated, and the director of Wujiang Pavilion prepared a boat to persuade him to cross the river and return to Jiangdong for further development. He felt ashamed to see his elders in Jiangdong, so he had to throw himself into the river.
2. Unexpected: unpredictable.
3. Ashamed and humiliated: It means that a gentleman can bend and stretch, and he should bear the burden of humiliation.
4. Jiangdong: refers to the Suzhou generation in the south of the Yangtze River.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate
This poem, like the poem "Red Cliff", discusses the success or failure of the war and puts forward its own assumptions about the war that has ended in history. In the first sentence, victory or defeat is a common occurrence in military strategists. The second sentence criticized Xiang Yu for not being broad-minded enough and lacking general bearing. Imagine three or four sentences, if Xiang Yu returns to Jiangdong and regroups, maybe he can make a comeback. This sentence regrets Xiang Yu's anger, but the main meaning is to criticize him for not being good at grasping opportunities, not being good at listening to other people's suggestions, and not being good at employing people. Sima Qian once criticized Xiang Yu's stubbornness of "killing me by heaven is not a crime of war" from the perspective of historians. Du Mu, on the other hand, talks about success or failure from the perspective of a military strategist. Both of them pay attention to personnel, but Sima Qian summed up his own lessons and emphasized the reasons for his failure. Du Mu is an imaginary opportunity, emphasizing that military strategists should have foresight and indomitable will.
The first sentence directly points out that winning or losing is common sense of military strategists, and implies that the key lies in how to look at the problem, paving the way for the following. "An accident" means that the victory or defeat is unpredictable.
The second sentence emphasizes that only "protecting shame" is "human". When Xiang Yu was frustrated, he was ashamed to commit suicide. What is a real "man"? This word "man" is reminiscent of the overlord of Chu, claiming to be more powerful than mountains and rivers and being furious. Until his death, he didn't find the reason for his failure. He just blamed himself on "bad times" and committed suicide in shame, which was a shame for his title of "hero".
The third sentence, "There are many talented people in Jiangdong", is an artistic summary of "Jiangdong is small, with thousands of people, but it is also king" proposed by Tingchang. People have always appreciated Xiang Yu's phrase "I have never met my father and brother in Jiangdong", which shows his integrity. In fact, this just reflects that he is headstrong and can't listen to the advice of Tingchang. He missed Han Xin and angered Fan Zeng. This is really ridiculous. But at this last moment, if he can face the reality, "accept the shame", take the advice, return to Jiangdong and rally again, I'm afraid the number of winners and losers will be hard to measure. That's the last sentence.
"I don't know how to make a comeback" is the most powerful sentence in the poem, which means that there are still many things to do if possible; Unfortunately, Xiang Yu refused to put down his airs and commit suicide. This provides a strong basis for the above sentence or two, and it is quite imposing to see the situation of "Jiangdong children" and "stage a comeback" in one go. At the same time, while regretting, criticizing and satirizing, it also shows the truth of "not losing grace", which is also quite positive.
The unconventional discussion is the characteristic of Du Mu's epic. For example, "The east wind doesn't follow, Tongquetai locks Er Qiao in spring" ("Red Cliff"), "The South Army doesn't show its left sleeves, and the four old men and women destroy Liu" ("Shangshan Sigong Temple") are all opposites, with similar styles. Hu Zai, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once called this poem "Good separation and good reason" ... Eight thousand people from Xiangjia crossed the river, and none of them were spared and lost their hearts. Who wants to attach it? It can't come back, for sure. Wu, a poet in A Qing, refuted Hu Zai in Poems of Past Dynasties, saying that Du Mu "used the method of reversing his conviction to fall into a new layer, which is beneficial to awakening". In fact, from a historical perspective, Hu's accusation is not unreasonable. Wu defended Du Mu mainly because this poem was used as an excuse to promote indomitable spirit, which is desirable. (Tao Daoshu)
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
Victory or defeat is common in military strategists and unpredictable.
A real man is one who can stand failure and humiliation.
Among the children of Jiangdong, there are many talented people.
If Xiang Yu had returned to Jiangdong, he might have made a comeback.
[Edit this paragraph] Author
Brief introduction of the author
Du Mu
Mu Zhi, a native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), is the grandson of Prime Minister Du You. Yamato was a scholar in the second year and was awarded the title of school librarian of the museum. Later, I went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, turned to Huainan to observe the envoys, and then entered the envoys. Edited by the History Museum, catering department, Bibi department and Si Xun were appointed as foreign ministers, while Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu were appointed as secretariat. Finally, the official came to Zhongshu Sheren. An outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, especially famous for his seven-character quatrains. He is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He paid close attention to military affairs, wrote many military papers and annotated the Art of War by Sun Tzu. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems. The poems in the late Tang Dynasty were so gentle that Mu Zhi made a precipitous correction. The seven dragons have far-reaching charm, and the factions in the late Tang Dynasty were independent. People call it "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu. Li Shangyin was another outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, also known as "Little Du Li". Mu Zhi is ambitious and eloquent, boasting about his ability to help the world. ICBC's cursive script "Xuanhe Shupu" says: "The grass is vigorous and powerful, which is consistent with its article." Dong Qichang's "Rong Tai Collection" said: "After I met Yan and Liu, if it weren't for Qing, (Du) was also famous." It is said that his book "has the charm of the Six Dynasties". The ink handed down from ancient times has Zhang Shihua. His works are very rich, including Collected Works of Fan Chuan, Old Tang Book (147) and New Tang Book (166). Zhang Shi Cao Shu Ink was written by Du Mu Taihe in the eighth year (834), at the age of 32. The post is a piece of hemp paper, 28.2 cm long and 162 cm wide, with 46 lines and 322 words in total. As can be seen from the whole poem volume, his calligraphy won the charm of the Six Dynasties. The original is now in the Palace Museum. This calligraphy work is magnificent and smooth. Because it is a manuscript of poetry, it is even more unpretentious. There are inscriptions, inscriptions and seals of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties at the beginning and end of the volume. He has been awarded by Song Dynasty, Jia Sidao, Ming Xiangzi, Xiao Si, Qing Biao, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Neifu and Collection. There are records in Xuanhe Pu Shu, Rong Tai Collection, Splendid Life and Grand View Record. Du Mu is famous for his poems, so his title is covered by the title of his poems. This book was carved in Fa Tie, a monk. Photocopying can be done in Yan Guang Room and Showa Fa Tie Series. Du Mu lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, so he was later called "Du Fanchuan".
Du Mu's literary creation has many achievements, including poetry, prose and ancient prose. He advocated that all works should be based on meaning, supplemented by qi, defended by words and sentences, and had a correct understanding of the relationship between content and form of works. And it can absorb and melt the strengths of predecessors and form its own special style. In poetry creation, his classical poems are influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, with a wide range of themes and strong brushwork. His modern poems are famous for their beautiful words and ups and downs. The seven-law "Early Wild Goose" expresses the nostalgia for the people in the northern frontier displaced by the Uighur invasion, and it has a graceful and lingering taste. "Ascending the Mountain in Nine Days" writes his broad-minded mind in a bold style, but it also contains deep sadness. The general trend of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty is gorgeous and dense, and Du Mu is influenced by the atmosphere of the times and also pays attention to the use of words. This tendency of rhetoric is combined with his personal characteristics of "heroic and heroic", which is elegant, magnificent and exquisite.