In the first year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1723), Xu Duo took part in the provincial examination and won the Mark Six lottery. Seven years later, he became a teaching assistant in imperial academy. In the first year of Qianlong (1736), he took the exam, was admitted to imperial academy for editing, and embarked on his official career. Soon, he was appointed to study politics in Shandong Province, and recruited children of academic officials to preach Confucianism in Jinan Prefecture, encouraging them to study hard and seek knowledge to help the people. Later, he worked as an examiner after having obtained the provincial examination in Hunan, the grain storage road in Yunnan, the provincial judge in Shandong, and the minister in Shandong, and his career was booming. However, when Xu Duo was a local official, he was honest and clean, and tried his best to benefit the people, so he often took many measures and made outstanding achievements, which made him shine in history.
Xu Duo is "good at books, politics and literature, shining north and south". His superb calligraphy skills, on the one hand, came from his hard practice, on the other hand, he learned from the calligrapher Zhang Zhao at that time, which was quite effective. Shortly after Shandong took office, Kong and his brothers from Qufu came here to learn calligraphy skills from his favorite pupil. After a lapse of more than a month, Xu Duo saw that the Confucius brothers were eager to learn books and accepted them as disciples. Under his careful guidance, the calligraphy level of the Kong brothers improved rapidly, especially the calligraphy level of Kong, which was famous in Qilu and Beijing at that time. Xu Duo was very happy to have such a disciple, so he betrothed his third daughter to Kong as his wife, and the famous calligrapher Zhang Zhao also betrothed his daughter to Kong as his wife, which suddenly became a story in the book world.
In his later years, Xu Duo returned to his hometown and lived in Confucianism Street in Yancheng, with a picture of "Generous Boddy" hanging in front of his door. He likes calligraphy and reading. Xu Duo wrote many works in his life, including three monographs with 47 volumes, namely, The Book of Changes, The Book of Songs and The Book of Songs, which were included in Sikuquanshu. 1758, Xu Duo died at the age of 65.
Link 1 "Yancheng has a lot of" University "at the age of 36!"
There are two sayings that have been circulating in He Lixia for a long time: "There are many people in Yancheng who study" University "at the age of 36!" There are two meanings here: one is to persuade children to study hard as soon as possible and not to let them down. When Xu Duo was a teenager, he didn't read University until he was thirty-six. Second, don't lose heart when you miss your youth. I don't know if you are a late bloomer. Xu Duo is 36 years old, isn't he still in college? Both positive reading and negative reading mean persuasion. In fact, Xu Duo is a talented and studious successful scholar. When he said he was studying at the age of 36, he meant the book "University" in the Four Books and Five Classics, which laid the foundation for him to be a teaching assistant in imperial academy. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he won the national examination. 30 years old (1723) and 38 years old (1730) were recommended as teaching assistants in imperial academy. At the age of 44 (1738), he passed the imperial examination and was admitted to Jill Jinshi. The Hanlin Academy taught editors, then worked as a school official in Shandong, an examiner in Hunan after having obtained the provincial examination, and a grain storage road in Yunnan. Because of Yunnan's "peace first", the emperor transferred him to the capital to be the official in charge of grain transportation, and then he was promoted to Shandong provincial judge (ranked first) and minister in charge of management (ranked second).
Link 2 descendants of Xu Duo
After Xu Duo's death, Mei Shuo, a juren from Jiangning, wrote an epitaph for him. In A.D. 1748, Deng Zaijin, a famous epigraphist in Qing Dynasty, met Pang, the son of Xu Duo. The two hit it off and admired each other. Later, Xu Jiapang invited Deng to live in Yancheng, and asked Deng to marry Shen Shi as his second wife in Yancheng. Because Deng admired Xu's father's outstanding achievements in politics, writing and calligraphy, he took the initiative to write Xu Duo's epitaph for Mei Kui. Since then, an epitaph has connected the official, literary and book works of three historical celebrities, namely Xu Duo, Deng Duo, and has become another beautiful talk of three famous people in Qing Dynasty.
Many son-in-law Kong, whose real name is Meixi, is very friendly with Wu Yifeng at ordinary times, so through the introduction of Wu Yifeng, the Kong brothers finally met Liu Xueqin and became bosom friends. Because of this, when Zeng Xueqin later wrote A Dream of Red Mansions, he changed his three good friends, Wu Yifeng, Kong and Kong, to, Kong Meixi and Kong Jizong respectively. Therefore, Xu Duo is associated with Er Kong in A Dream of Red Mansions, which provides new evidence for future generations to study A Dream of Red Mansions.
Link 3 Cultural Ruxue Street
(City) Xu Zhenghe
In Yancheng, Confucian Street is not conspicuous. In fact, walk a few steps east from the center of the old city and turn a corner to the south. It is more than ten steps wide to say "street", but it is more appropriate to call it "lane". It has always been called by ancestors, and the street is the street.
Yancheng people are generally familiar with Song Cao's former residence. A group of Ming and Qing architecture, so exquisite and elegant; A statue of Song Cao, so simple and honest. When I turn from the noisy Jianjun Road into the quiet Confucian Street, I often stand on tiptoe to watch the flowing pool in the courtyard. In terms of scale and influence, the flowing water pool of Song Cao's former residence can't be compared with Wang Xizhi's Lanting. However, as far as the integrity and character of literati are concerned, Song is no less than Wang. When the Qing soldiers went south, Song Cao, like Gu in Kunshan and Wan Teenagers in Xuzhou, stood under the banner of the anti-Qing struggle and saw the light again, even though he was thrown into a prison in Aisingiorro. Just like his original calligraphy and the world-famous calligraphy contract, this is also worthy of admiration by future generations.
Lu Xiufu Ancestral Temple is a place that Yancheng people are generally familiar with. A typical memorial building has placed a lot of reverence and yearning for the people in my hometown. More than 700 years ago, at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu Xiufu carried an eight-year-old emperor and jumped into the South China Sea in Xinhui, Guangdong Province, announcing the final end of a dynasty. Three years later, Wen Tianxiang went to the entrance of the metropolitan food market to provide disaster relief. When singing a song "Who has never died since ancient times, keeping a pure heart and shining through the ages", he also left a sentence "Mourning for Lu Shumeifu": "Cai Wenshan has a hook, and Shu contains a Ding Gong." With one heart and one mind, Tianshui lasts forever. "For hundreds of years, people often remember Lu Gong's loyalty, but in the eyes of Wen Tianxiang who was admitted to Jinshi in the same year as Lu Gong, Lu Xiufu's" literary talent "as a scholar was mentioned for the first time.
Today's Confucian Street, Northern Song Dynasty and Lu Nan may be the only remaining cultural symbols. In fact, the cultural "genes" of Confucian Street are far more than these.
For example, Gong Xue and Confucius Temple. According to the Records of Yancheng County, Yancheng began to "set up a school" in the seventh year of Tang Wude. In the twenty-seventh year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, the county school was formally established (also known as Gong Xue, which was integrated with the Confucian Temple) and rebuilt in Qing Shunzhi 14. There are Dacheng Hall, Chi Pan Hall, Minglun Hall, Mingguan Hall, Chongshen Temple, Wenchang Hall and Wenfeng Pavilion. Judging from the names of these buildings, Gong Xue and Confucius Temple are quite large. During the students' recitation of the Four Books and Five Classics, the newly arrived county officials, the candidates before entering Beijing for the exam, and the nouveau riche who made a name for themselves all went to the Dacheng Hall of the Confucian Temple to worship Confucius. Obviously, for more than 700 years from Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, the county school has been located in the southern section of Confucian Street, that is, a large area of land south of Lu Xiufu East Ancestral Temple and Wenfeng Road.
For example, the Temple of Gong Fan. According to Yancheng Museum's Historical Memorabilia of Yancheng, "In the 45th year of Ming Jiajing, Zheng Wensheng was ordered to build Fan Gong Temple in Rulin Street of Yancheng to commemorate Fan Zhongyan". Officials in charge of Gong Xue and the Confucian Temple built the Gong Fan Temple near the county school in Confucian Temple Street, undoubtedly to set an example for students to "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world"
For example, Xu Duo's "generosity". "Yancheng County Records" contains: many,no. Fengting, Xumazhuang (now Du Yanmagou Ma Xu Village). In the first year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, he was promoted to imperial academy. Later, he served as a school official in Shandong, an examiner in Hunan, a provincial judge in Shandong and a minister in charge in Shandong. "He is good at calligraphy, and political articles are widely spread in the north and south." "After living in Confucian Street in the county, there is a vertical forehead of' Dafang Bodi' hanging in front of the door." Many of them came from peasant families and even went to the countryside to make tofu. People are afraid of being famous, especially those from humble origins, so there are many legends about him. The most classic is "there are many 36-year-old college students in Yancheng", which is quite interesting. The word "Tudor" overlaps. Where did the old "university" come from? In fact, it means that he is a late bloomer.
Today, Old Gong Xue, Confucius Temple, Gong Fan Temple and Dafang Bodi have disappeared. However, the cultural atmosphere of the former sages has always been in Confucian Street. Therefore, Confucianism Street is quiet, not more prosperous than the old business district from the center of the old city to Ximen Deng Ying Bridge. Its quietness stems from culture. I also think the name of Confucian street is learned, which is much more interesting than the name of Fuzhou Road, which is famous for its cultural street in Shanghai. Of course, Fuzhou Road is as good as Fuzhou Road, and Confucian Street is as good as Confucian Street, with different angles, but the cultural traditions inherited are basically the same. We should cherish the history and culture that once gathered and precipitated here and devote ourselves to excavation, inheritance and development. The humanistic situation of Confucian Street will definitely be better in the future!