Xiang Yu, the Overlord of Western Chu: Xiang Ji (232 BC-202 BC), also known as Xiang Yu, is a famous general and political figure in ancient China, Han nationality, and Prime Minister of the Qin Dynasty (now Suqian City, Jiangsu Province). urban area) people. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, he was named Duke of Lu by Xiong Xin, King Huai of Chu. He led the Chu army to defeat the Qin army in the decisive battle of Julu in 207 BC. After the fall of Qin, he proclaimed himself the "Overlord of Western Chu" and ruled the nine counties of Liang and Chu in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze River. He was later defeated by Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, in the Chu-Han War, and committed suicide in Wujiang (now He County, Anhui). Xiang Yu's bravery is unparalleled in ancient and modern times (ancient people commented on him as "the bravery of Yu is unparalleled throughout the ages"). He is the most courageous general in China's thousands of years of history. The word "overlord" refers specifically to Xiang Yu. Cao Cao (155～220), the Emperor Wu of Wei. A statesman, military strategist and poet during the Three Kingdoms period. The courtesy name is Mengde, the nickname is Ah Ma, and Qiao (a native of Bo County, Anhui Province today). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the army gradually expanded its military strength while suppressing the Yellow Turban uprising. In the third year of Chuping (AD 192), they occupied Yanzhou, divided and lured part of the Qingzhou Yellow Turban Army to surrender, and organized it into the "Qingzhou Army". In the first year of Jian'an (196), the imperial capital Xu (now east of Xuchang, Henan) was presented. He held the emperor hostage to order the princes, and successively defeated Lu Bu and other separatist forces. After defeating the warlord Yuan Shao in the Battle of Guandu, he gradually unified northern China. In the thirteenth year of Jian'an, he became prime minister and led his army southward, but was defeated by the coalition forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi. Later he was granted the title of King of Wei. His son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and pursued the title of Emperor Wu.
He is proficient in the art of war and has written books such as "Sun Tzu's Brief Explanation" and "The Art of War". He is good at poetry, and his poems such as "A Walk in the Grass" and "Viewing the Sea" express his political ambitions and reflect the suffering life of the people in the late Han Dynasty. They are majestic, generous and desolate. The prose is also clear and neat. His works include "Collection of Emperor Wu of Wei", which has been lost and has a Ming Dynasty version. Now there is a compiled and typeset version of "Collection of Cao Cao".
Liu Yong (1719~1804), whose courtesy name was Chongru and whose name was Shi'an. He also had other names such as Qingyuan, Xiangyan, Dongwu, Mu'an, Minghua, and Riguanfeng Taoren. He was a calligrapher, painter and calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty. politician. A native of Panggezhuang, Zhucheng County (now part of Gaomi City, Shandong Province), his ancestral home is Feng County, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. In the 16th year of Qianlong's reign (1751), he became a Jinshi and Liu Tongxun's son. From the official to the cabinet bachelor, he was an honest official, just like his father Liu Tongxun. Liu Yong was a Jinshi in the 16th year of Qianlong's reign. He served as Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and a bachelor of Tiren Pavilion. Most of Liu Yong's calligraphy works handed down from generation to generation are running script. He died in Beijing on December 25, the ninth year of Jiaqing. His posthumous title is Wenqing.
It is said that Liu Yong had a hunchback, so he was nicknamed "Liu Luoguo" among the people.
Hai Rui (1514-1587), a famous politician and upright official in the Ming Dynasty. Hai Rui's courtesy name was Ruxian and Guokai, and his name was Gangfeng. Later generations called him "Haiqingtian", and he was as famous as Bao Zheng in the Song Dynasty. Hai Rui's ancestors came from Fujian to Hainan. In China, the largest Hui family with the surname Hai is the Hai family in Hainan. Hainan Hai clan's ancestor Hai'er, after Hai'er settled in Qiongshan, the whole family gave up martial arts and became civilized. Hai Rui is the fifth descendant of Hai clan. He studied poetry, books, classics and biographies since he was a child, and was erudite and talented. He passed the imperial examination in the 28th year of Jiajing (1550). He was first appointed as Jiaoyu in Nanping, Fujian, and later promoted to county magistrate of Chun'an, Zhejiang and Xingguo, Jiangxi. He is honest in government, clean and self-respecting. He is a man of integrity and resoluteness, and dares to look down on the powerful even when he is in a low position. He was loyal throughout his life, outspoken and dared to give advice. Hai Rui lived in poverty all his life, restrained powerful people, appeased the poor people, and attacked treacherous officials, so he was deeply loved by the people. His life story is widely circulated among the people.
Zhang Juzheng was born on May 24, 1525 AD and died on July 9, 1582 AD. He entered school at the age of 5, was proficient in the Six Classics at the age of 7, passed the scholar examination at the age of 12, took the provincial examination at the age of 13, and wrote a very beautiful article, because Gu Gong, the governor of Huguang, wanted to let Zhang Juzheng practice for a few more years. , just failed. At the age of 16, he won the imperial examination and at the age of 23, he became a Jinshi in the 26th year of Jiajing (1547). In the first year of Longqing (1567), he was appointed as the left minister of the Ministry of official affairs and the bachelor of Dongge University. During the Longqing period, he and Gao Gong were both prime ministers and assistants, ministers of the Ministry of Personnel, and bachelors of Jianji Hall. In the early years of Wanli, Dai Gaogong was the chief assistant. Ming Shenzong was young at that time, and Zhang Juzheng presided over the adjudication of all major military and political affairs. He had been in power for 10 years and implemented a series of reform measures, which achieved certain results. He inspected the fields hidden by landlords, implemented a whip method, changed the taxation system like Zhang Juzheng, which improved the financial situation of the Ming Dynasty government; he used famous generals such as Qi Jiguang and Li Chengliang to train troops, strengthened the northern border defense, and reorganized the defense of border towns; he used Ling Yunyi and Li Chengliang to train troops. Yin Shidan and others put down the rebellion of the ethnic minorities in the south. Pan Jixun was used to preside over the dredging and control of the Huanghuai River, which was also quite effective.
He died in the tenth year of Wanli (1582) and was given to Shangzhu Kingdom, with the posthumous title Wenzhong. Soon after his death, he was criticized by the eunuch Zhang Cheng and the conservative bureaucrats, and he lived in his family. His reputation was not restored until the second year of Tianqi. He is the author of "Zhang Taiyue Collection", "Shu Jing Zhi Jie", etc.
A civil servant in the Ming Dynasty, the chief minister of the cabinet, had great historical merit because of his effective assistance in assisting the emperor in governing.
After more than two hundred years of ups and downs in the Ming Dynasty, by the Jiajing period it was full of diseases and crises. An altar is set up in the Forbidden City every day to perform rituals, and green smoke fills the air. Emperor Jiajing, who fantasized about immortality, was intoxicated by the gorgeous words of "Ode to Qingyun" and entrusted the government affairs to the treacherous prime minister Yan Song with his eyes closed. Yan Song and his son took the opportunity to do evil, taking bribes and perverting the law. In this context, Zhang Juzheng, the chief minister of the cabinet who was born as a civilian, was pushed to the forefront of history. With his extraordinary courage and wisdom, he organized the government, consolidated national defense, and implemented a whip method, which restored vitality to the dying Ming Dynasty. .