Wang Anshi was a figure in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his political career reached its peak during the Song Shenzong period, and he was known as Wang Jinggong. Wang Anshi was born in 121 and died in 186 at the age of 66. Wang Anshi was known as one of the four great people (politician, thinker, reformer and writer).
Statue of Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi was admitted as a scholar at the age of 21. Since then, he has embarked on the road of official career, and has been a local official with great achievements. Since then, he has enjoyed a good reputation in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 158, Wang Anshi put forward the reform for the first time in view of his more than 1 years of official experience, demanding a comprehensive reform of the country, but it was not adopted by Song Renzong. Since then, Wang Anshi refused to be an official, and the court repeatedly recruited him and still found various excuses to refuse to be an official.
In 163, Wang Anshi was 42 years old, and Song Shenzong acceded to the throne. Because he admired Wang Anshi's fame, he reused Wang Anshi. In 169, Song Shenzong agreed to the political reform, and after that, the Xining political reform, also known as Wang Anshi's political reform, began for 16 years. Wang Anshi's political reform is a comprehensive social reform movement, initiated by Wang Anshi and supported by Song Shenzong, aiming at changing the social pattern of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, thus achieving the goal of enriching Qiang Bing. The reform damaged the interests of bureaucratic landlords to a certain extent and met with strong opposition, which eventually ended in failure. Wang Anshi was also dismissed twice, and finally resigned and returned to his hometown to live in seclusion.
Aside from Wang Anshi's political achievements, it also has an irreplaceable position in the literary world. Wang Anshi has dabbled in poetry, prose and ci, and has made outstanding achievements. Wang Anshi promoted the poetry innovation movement and swept away the glitz in the early Song Dynasty. However, there were also flaws in Wang Anshi's literary ideas. His works put an end to glitz and tended to be practical, but this expressive force for artistic forms was far from enough.
Wang Anshi's influence on later generations is enormous, but his personal opinion is mixed. Tomb of Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi died in 186 at the age of 66. After his death, Wang Anshi was buried in the east Sanli at the southern foot of Zhongshan, that is, between the original Baogong Pagoda and Caotang Temple. Wang Anshi's tomb can be said to be a group of Wang tombs. Why do you say that? Because except Wang Anshi's father, Wang Yi, and Wang Anshi's eldest brother, Anren Wang, all other members of the Wang family are buried here, including Wang Anshi's mother, Wu, Wang Anshi's younger brothers, Wang Anguo and Wang Anli, and Wang Anshi's son. The southern foothills of Zhongshan can be described as the family tombs of the Wang family.
Panorama of Wang Yi's Tomb, Wang Anshi's father
In front of Wang Anshi's tomb, there is a Chinese watch (that is, a big pillar for signs or decoration), a grave (a temple in a cemetery), and trees are planted on both sides. In the early Ming Dynasty, this cemetery at the southern foot of Zhongshan was valued by Zhu Yuanzhang, so all the historical sites near this mausoleum were moved, including Wang Anshi's tomb. As for where Wang Anshi's tomb was finally moved, there are always different opinions. One is to move to Qilinmen, and the other is to move back to his hometown in Jiangxi, which is Linchuan, Jiangxi.
However, traces of Wang Anshi's tomb were discovered one after another in the later period. In 159, Shi Yan, the eunuch, found that there were not enough bricks in the tomb when he built it for himself, so he pulled down a nearby tomb to get bricks. When he saw the epitaph, he found that it was Wang Anshi's tomb, but the address of this tomb was not clearly recorded in this information.
Another way of saying it: At the beginning of the Republic of China, an ancient tomb was unearthed in Qilinmen Archaeology. The epitaph in it reads: An Shi went to Jiangning, Buju Zhongshan, and his son was a brother, and he wrote many books. The epitaph tells the life story of Wang Anshi, so most people think that Wang Anshi's tomb was moved to Qilinmen. But strangely, no funerary objects or traces of cultural relics were found here.
the third statement: Wang's genealogy records that Wang Anshi's tomb was moved to his hometown, Yuetang, Linchuan. Pictures of Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi was a famous politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was not only the top leader in politics, but also a benchmark figure in the literary world. However, Wang Anshi's reputation in life is "smelly", which can be described as "smelly". Why do you say that? In fact, you can vaguely feel it from Wang Anshi's pictures.
Wang Anshi's picture
In the picture, a man wears a top hat, a beard and a baggy suit. According to records, Wang Anshi himself is untidy and does not pay attention to personal hygiene. His daily brushing and washing project is also omitted by Wang Anshi. He doesn't wash his face, let alone take a bath, and he doesn't take a shower several times a year. Therefore, when you see Wang Anshi, you usually don't think that he can be the official to the prime minister, because he looks like a beggar from the outside, unkempt and "notorious", and you can smell a sour smell floating from your body from a distance. Everyone will cover his nose and avoid it, but Wang Anshi doesn't take these little things to heart.
But when we look at Wang Anshi's pictures again, we find that they are all well dressed, which is a major feature of ancient portraits, and they will show their best side to future generations, so that future generations can pay tribute to them and take advantage of them.
Wang Anshi's bad habit is recorded in many places in literature records, and in Su Xun's literary works, Wang Anshi's untidiness is also recorded in writing. In an article "Argument on Traitors", Wang Anshi's untidiness is pointed out, and even people imagine that Su Xun is writing this work with his nose covered.
Wang Anshi's wife has repeatedly negotiated with Wang Anshi to remind him to pay attention to hygiene, but he is never informal, and even can eat smelly things with mice when eating. Wang Anshi's works
There are countless works in Wang Anshi's life, including not only poems, but also prose collections and ci works, and more than 1,5 works have survived to this day. Wang Anshi has become an all-powerful figure in the literary world. Let's analyze the style of Wang Anshi's works according to the categories of his works.
played by Wang Anshi
1: Prose
Wang Anshi's prose is characterized by being vigorous and concise, and his works are mostly presented in the form of preface to books. Most of his works take politics as the main body, expounding the poet's political opinions and thoughts, so most of his contents are aimed at social problems and timely politics, and his essays have distinct views, which are deeply analyzed by the poet and have strong persuasiveness. The representative work is "The Words of Emperor Shangren", which is mainly a work advocating social change. First, problems are found, contradictions are deeply analyzed, and finally solutions are put forward and new laws are implemented.
2: Poetry
There are two main periods in Wang Anshi's poetry, one is the early period and the other is the late period (taking 176 as the dividing line, 176 is the second strike period of Wang Anshi). Most of the early works are political poems, mostly chanting epic poems, exposing social problems and paying attention to people's livelihood, so they have a very clear tendency. Representative works include Feeling, Merger and Saving Soldiers. Most of the later works are about seclusion, reveling in the mountains and rivers and lingering in the countryside, so the works are very comfortable and leisurely, and most of them are landscape poems, such as Boating in Guazhou, Riverside, Plum Blossom and Mr. Yin's Wall in Shuhu.
3: Ci
Some famous writers praised his thin and elegant ci style, which changed the old habits of the Five Dynasties. Therefore, Wang Anshi's ci can be described as unique, and his masterpiece "Guizhixiang?" Jinling Nostalgia, Nanxiangzi, Bodhisattva Man, two songs of Ming Fei and Huanxisha. There are more than 2 poems written by Wang Anshi. Wang Anshi's Ci
Wang Anshi has a certain position in the political and literary circles of the Northern Song Dynasty, and he is an all-powerful person in the political arena, launching political reforms and improving the social pattern of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the literary world, he has high literary attainments and is listed as one of the "eight great masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His life works are abundant, not only in poetry, but also in prose and ci, and Wang Anshi's ci has its own characteristics.
Cinnamomum cassia? Appreciation of Jinling's Nostalgia Calligraphy
There are about 2 ci poems written by Wang Anshi. Although Wang Anshi's best field is not ci, his ci works have been praised and praised by later generations. Some famous artists praised his thin and elegant ci style, which changed the old habits of the Five Dynasties. The masterpiece "Guizhixiang? Jinling Nostalgia, an epic poem, describes the magnificent landscape of Jinling in the Ming Dynasty, but in fact reveals the decadent lifestyle of the ruling class in the Six Dynasties. The tone of the whole work is lofty and gloomy, and later generations call it "Ode to the Ancient", which is enough to show the influence of this word in the literary world. This work, together with Fan Zhongyan's Fisherman's Pride, broke the old customs and opened up a new world. Only then did Su Dongpo's unconstrained work emerge, and this word is a pioneer for the whole ci circle.
not only that, Wang Anshi's poems include Nanxiangzi, Bodhisattva Man, Ming Fei Qu and Huanxisha, all of which are classic works of Wang Anshi's ci. Wang Anshi's achievements are inseparable from his hard work and acquired education. His works always require perfection, so there are also allusions such as Wang Anshi's changing words and Wang Anshi's changing poems. It also tells people that if they want to achieve something, they must work hard and scrutinize word for word before they can achieve something.