How to examine questions and make up your mind in senior high school composition

First, the subject understanding method

This is the most commonly used and safest way to examine questions in material composition. If we can accurately understand the center of the material and take it as the main idea of the article, then the article will be both relevant and profound.

example

The Wall Street Journal reported that on the eve of the Gulf War, its reporters were surprised to find that American officers and men were scrambling to learn China's The Art of War in tents in the desert and on standby warships. General Gray, commander of the Marine Corps, instructed that Sun Tzu's Art of War is a must-read for officers and men of the Marine Corps.

Looking at the materials, we can easily find that the reason why American officers and men study China's The Art of War is to guide their tactics, and the theme of the materials is very clear. Based on this, we can extract the view that "stones from other mountains can attack jade" Of course, this is dominant; From a hidden point of view, foreigners still attach so much importance to the study of our cultural heritage, so as China people, we should pay more attention to the inheritance of our motherland's cultural heritage, which is more meaningful in a sense.

Second, focus on methods

The key word is often "Yan Wen", which contains the main idea of the material. Therefore, we can take this as a breakthrough, grasp the materials and choose the conception angle. In the materials of material composition, keywords are often the key sentences of the proposer or the characters in the materials.

example

When Brazilian footballer Pele made his debut in football, a reporter asked him, "Which ball are you best at playing?" He replied, "Next!" When he made his mark in football and became a world-famous king of football, and scored more than 1000 goals, the reporter asked, "Which one did you play best?" He still replied: "Next!"

The word "next" not only embodies the never-ending enterprising spirit, but also contains the philosophy of endless and innovative art, which shines with personality, wisdom and spirit. Grasping this keyword will grasp the soul essence of the material.

Third, the traceability method of fruits.

Everything is interrelated. For example, many things exist in the form of causality. When writing a material composition, if we can infer the essential reasons of the phenomena or results listed in the material, we can often find the best way of thinking.

example

An adhesive company has developed a powerful all-purpose adhesive. Before it was put on the market, a large gold coin with considerable value was ingeniously stuck on the marble pillar of the company. It is said that whoever can remove it without damaging the doorpost will own the gold coin. For a time, the front door was crowded and many people tried their hands. As a result, their strength was exhausted, but the gold coins did not move. The crowd burst into warm applause, and all kinds of people praised it, and the news spread like wildfire. As soon as the new product goes on the market, the manufacturer will get huge benefits.

Once the new products in the materials are put on the market, the reason why they are "profitable" is that on the one hand, the strong all-purpose adhesive can stand still after being stuck, and on the other hand, because the company has adopted unusual marketing and publicity strategies, so we can naturally draw the conclusions that "facts speak louder than words" and "the wine needs to be sipped skillfully" respectively. In contrast, the latter is more contemporary.

Fourth, the moral revelation method.

For some materials, such as fables, fairy tales, comics, etc. It is necessary to link "from things and people" and "from things and things" through the appearance of materials, that is, from things in materials to people, and then to life philosophy and social phenomena similar to the content of materials, so as to dig out their true connotations and establish an argument.

example

The donkey crossed the river carrying salt. It slipped and fell into the water. When the salt melts, it is much lighter to stand up. This makes it very happy. Another day, it took a sponge to the river, deliberately slipped and fell into the water. The sponge sucked the water away, so the donkey couldn't stand up and finally drowned.

This fable tells us that everything should proceed from reality, and when the situation changes, our thinking and working methods will also change. If we stick to the rules or blindly apply them, we will inevitably fail. When writing, we should grasp its meaning through the appearance of donkey carrying salt sponge, and take it as the argument of the article.

Five, the detail cut-in method

example

Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy is based on official script and running script, which is called "Banqiao Style". The single font of his works seems crooked, but the overall feeling is patchwork and has a unique charm. Some people say that "this kind of work is indispensable."

From the local details, there are roughly the following ideas:

Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy, "use official script to participate in running script, not official script, not ancient book, not modern text", inspires people to be "good at learning from" and learn to integrate; "The single font of the work seems crooked, but the overall feeling is patchy and has a unique charm", which suggests that we should pay attention to the harmony between the individual and the whole, the part and the whole, that is, "harmony is beauty"; And "this kind of work can't have both" reveals a truth: anything can only reflect its value and be invincible if it "shows its personality" and has distinctive personality characteristics.

Sixth, try to find out the tendency of law.

In the face of material composition, many candidates fail to really understand the material and master the methods of examining questions and refining opinions, which often leads to the estrangement between the refined opinions and the material and even the opposite direction. Even if the structure of your article is rigorous, the argument is full, the examples are rich, and the language is beautiful, it can only be "a blind man lighting a lamp in vain." It can be seen that it is very important to refine the viewpoint of material composition.

Then, how can we thoroughly understand the materials, closely follow the materials, choose a good angle, and establish a quite innovative and profound point of view?

Seven, multi-directional divergence method

Some materials are dispersed in composition. For this kind of materials, we can adopt a multi-directional divergent thinking mode when examining the questions, and launch a multi-angle conception around the materials.

example

Xue Tan studied in Qin Qing, but he didn't do his best in Qin Qing, so he claimed that he did it. I resigned. Qin Qing stopped in the suburbs. Mourning elegy, shaking trees, very sonorous. Tan Xue is a thank you, he dare not say anything all his life.

From Xue Tan's point of view, we can grasp his "learning" and "quitting before Qin Qing exhausted his abilities" and get the enlightenment of "modesty". You can also learn from him that he is far from learning the skills of the teacher and "thank you for your mistakes" and sum up the truth of "correcting when you know your mistakes". From teacher Qin Qing's point of view, we can be inspired by his self-righteous behavior in the face of students, not anger, but "stopping in the suburbs", "lamenting festivals, vibrating trees" and "paying attention to methods in education".

However, Xue Tan's practice of "never daring to go home" is debatable. If students really learn all the skills of teachers, then why "never dare to say anything"? We can learn from other teachers and others with confidence. Of course, after refining multiple viewpoints, we still have to choose the best.

Eight, give up the era of seeking the Lord's law

Some materials often involve many people and things. Therefore, when examining the questions, we should make clear which are the main characters or events of the materials and which are the secondary characters or events, abandon the secondary characters or events and examine the questions from the perspective of the main characters or events.

example

After the bus stopped at the station, a woman at the station picked up the child who had been standing waiting for the bus and got on the bus in order to seize the time. A young passenger in the car got up and gave up his seat. The woman holding the baby thanked each other, put down the baby and said with a smile, "The little guy just knows how to walk, so let him stand by." At this time, I saw that the two men were humble to each other, and no one was seated. The fashionable young woman on the side sat down nimbly and shouted, "Little darling, mom helped Nong grab the seat."

There are three "characters" in the material. It seems impossible to advocate "helping others" from the perspective of giving seats to young people, or "being polite" from the perspective of fashionable young women who grab seats. However, judging from the center of gravity and direction of the whole material, we should abandon the latter two minor characters and focus on the woman whose protagonist is holding the child, and we should make a decision to "let the child stand on its own feet as soon as possible".

Nine, seeking common ground while reserving differences

This method is especially suitable for the synthesis of composite materials. If the contents of the provided combined materials are consistent, the same and essential contents can be extracted and an argument can be extracted; If the contents of the materials provided are inconsistent or even far apart, then we should abandon different aspects and look for overlapping points.

example

Danes take a ruler with them when they go fishing. When they catch fish, they often measure them with a ruler and put small fish that are not big enough back into the river. They said, "Isn't it better to let the little fish grow up?" More than 2,000 years ago, Mencius of China once said, "You can't eat if you count."

The two materials of "one China and one foreign country, one ancient and one present" tell us the same truth: in today's society, we must be far-sighted.

Ten, complementary and perfect methods

example

① Florence poet Dante's famous saying: "Go your own way and let others speak!"

(2) Polish proverb: "People who often ask for directions will never get lost."

Material ① "Go your own way" emphasizes firm belief; Material 2 "People who often ask for directions won't get lost" means that when walking, they should have the spirit of asking for advice modestly and listen to others' guidance. Which is right and which is wrong? The two are highly complementary, and when combined, they will be comprehensive and reasonable. Therefore, we can extract such a view: only a firm belief in "going your own way" and an open-minded spirit of "always asking for directions" can we have a good life path.

Of course, there are still many ways to examine questions and ideas in material composition. These methods are not isolated and may cross each other. If it can be used flexibly and comprehensively in the specific examination and conception process, the effect will be better.