Wandering among the famous mountains and rivers in Shandong, you can often read some couplets about mountains and rivers, expressing your feelings or both. Several monosyllabic words-nouns, verbs, adjectives and quantifiers, once skillfully arranged and combined, will produce the beauty of cadence and rhyme, revealing profound cultural heritage, which makes people unforgettable at first sight and sigh three times.
For example, "Lotus on four sides and willow on three sides, one city has mountains and half a city has lakes." It is an indelible memory to read Lao Can's travel notes when I was a child. "One city has mountains" refers to Qianfo Mountain. From any angle of Jinan, you can see its green hills. "Half City Lake" is naturally Daming Lake. This large area of lotus flowers is fragrant, and the willows on the shore are lush. It is the first choice for tourists who have just come to Jinan. Pearl, Black Lake, Baotu Spring and Chi Pan Spring meet here. I found this pair of yet we called and urged a thousand times before she started toward us's couplets in the round gate of Xiao Canglang Pavilion, and learned that its author was Liu Fenghao, a Shandong scholar in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty. At that time, he was invited by his friends to drink here and enjoy the scenery. When wine is hot, it is full of poetry. This beautiful sentence blurted out, followed by his calligrapher Tie Bao immediately fell into the ink. Therefore, this couplet became the representative of Jinan and became a famous swan song throughout the ages.
Boating in Daming Lake is naturally to the island in the middle of the lake. On the island's Lixia Pavilion, there is an even older famous couplet: "This pavilion has been around for a long time, and there are many celebrities in Jinan." The author of this couplet is Du Fu, a great poet in Tang Dynasty. In 745 AD, in the fourth year of Tianbao, he visited his younger brother Du Ying in Linyi, Shandong, and visited Jinan. At that time, Li Yong, the magistrate of Beihai, gave a banquet to welcome him at Lixia Pavilion, and he made an impromptu five-character poem "Accompany Li Beihai to have a dinner at Lixia Pavilion" to thank him. This couplet is the neck couplet in the poem. The existing couplets were written by He, a great calligrapher in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty. Such a good poem, with such good words, is naturally a perfect match, bringing out the best in each other.
It is said that Lixia Pavilion was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty. At that time, in Du Fu's eyes, it was already an "ancient" pavilion. Now, it is natural to add ancient elements to it. Although the exterior has been renovated, there is a strong ancient meaning in the bones. In the Pavilion of Meditation, Du Fu's praise for "Jinan celebrities come forth in large numbers" is not only aimed at the peak of Qilu's old country's writing style before the Tang Dynasty, but also includes his expectation and prediction for Shandong talents after the Tang Dynasty. Unsurprisingly, since the Tang Dynasty, there have been poets, such as Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao and Pu Songling ... Their literary talent and talent have become the most convincing proof of Du Fu's poetry.
Jiaxuan Temple in memory of Xin Qiji is located on the south bank of Daming Lake. In front of the main hall, a couplet inscribed by Guo Moruo 1959 hangs on the column: "The iron plate and the copper pipa will not return to the river after singing Dongpo; The beautiful piano is sad, and the Southern Song Dynasty did not fly south with the Hongyan. " This couplet is neat and magnificent, and it speaks highly of Xin Qiji's literary achievements in following Su Dongpo's pioneering and bold style of ci. And its bottom line, however, is another meal, gloomy and desolate, which fully shows the grief and indignation of a hero whose ambition is hard to be rewarded. Meditate silently, as if there were thunderous voices in the turbulent waves of the Yangtze River, and the battle cry of the Golden Goma Iron came from a distance.
After visiting Daming Lake, you will naturally go to Qianfo Mountain. Qianfo Mountain was called Mount Li in ancient times. Legend has it that Shun Di once cultivated land in the mountains, so he is also called Shungeng Mountain. Today, there are Shun Temple on the shoulder of the mountain, and statues of E Huang and Nv Ying that are taller than real people. In front of the temple, I saw another couplet: "The mountain rises and the scenery stops; Qingyun is rotten and awkward. " As soon as I saw this couplet, I shook my clothes and bowed deeply. Just because Shun, as the emperor, can personally plow an acre of land here and set an example for the people all over the world. Today's China, China with 654.38+300 million descendants, regards agriculture as the foundation of the national economy, but China, where the cultivated land area is decreasing day by day, still plays an important role. It is impossible not to worship Xingguo Temple, which is next to Shun Temple. There are thousands of Buddha caves and cliffs in the temple. There are three natural caves on the cliff: Longquan Cave, Blissful Cave and Qian Lou Cave. There are more than 60 large and small Buddha statues, all made in Sui and Tang Dynasties. The reason why Gulishan was renamed Qianfo Mountain by later generations must be related to this. The buildings of Xingguo Temple are scattered along the cliffs. On both sides of the temple gate, I saw a pair of stone-carved couplets: "The twilight drum and the morning bell wake up the fame and fortune of the world; After the sound of the Buddha's name, the dream of suffering is fascinating. "The purpose of this alliance is to persuade the world, but it seems that what can really awaken the fame and fortune of the world is not the midnight drum and the sound of the Buddha's horn, but the strengthening of the rule of law and the fight against corruption.
Leave the Zen Temple and follow Panshan Shiqian Road to the top of Qianfo Mountain. Looking around, you can see the whole picture of Jinan, including Daming Lake in the city and the Yellow River outside the city. On the North Pole platform at the top of the mountain, there is a long couplet. They use the most colloquial and popular popular language, which not only describes the beautiful scenery in front of them, but also reveals the intriguing philosophy of life. May wish to record this and enjoy it with readers. Take a look at those dozens of painting screens, and then look at some Brahma monk buildings, alternating with Feng Dan and Bai Cui, red and red, white and white, blue and indigo, green and green.
Think about it when you get back to Taiwan Province. Thousands of people in Jiangshan can be traced back to Zhumen Huangge, which borders the White House. Farmers compete for fame and profit. The more sage, the more mediocre.
If it helps, please adopt it.