1. Example: Make the article more specific, convincing and objective.
2. Comparison: Compare concrete things with abstract things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison.
3. Definition: A prescriptive explanation of the essential features of a concept in concise language is to accurately reveal the essence of things.
4. Draw a chart: In order to explain complex things clearly, it is more direct and concrete to explain some things with a chart.
5. Interpretation: Explain some characteristics of things from one side.
6. Analogy: Compare two different things by similarity, so as to highlight the characteristics of things and enhance the vividness and vividness of explanation.
7. Imitation: In order to make the explained object more vivid and concrete, we can imitate the appearance.
8. Citation: In order to make the explanation more substantial and specific, you can quote materials (which can be classic works, famous sayings, formulas and rules, allusions and proverbs, etc.). ).
9. Classification: Divide the objects to be explained into different categories according to certain standards and explain them one by one.
10. number of columns: in order to make the things to be explained concrete, you can also use the method of number of columns (the quoted figures should be accurate and reliable) to make readers understand.
Extended data:
The language requirements of explanatory writing are scientific, rigorous, accurate, true, thorough, concise and clear; Literary discourse also requires vividness and vividness. Proper use of interpretation methods can improve the scientificity and accuracy of interpretation language, make the object of interpretation more concrete and vivid, make readers understand and understand the author's meaning more clearly, enhance persuasion, and sometimes enhance readers' reading interest and highlight the theme.
First, it plays a role in explaining the characteristics and essence of things; second, it is true, rigorous, scientific and accurate; third, it is vivid and accurate.
State the object clearly
When reading an article explaining things, whether it is the whole article or the whole paragraph, we should first start from the whole and grasp what the article explains, that is, what the object is. So how do you find the right person?
1, look at the topic, many topics are the objects of explanation. For example, Chinese stone arch bridge.
2. Grasp the first sentence, general sentence and central sentence. A good expository often uses this sentence to highlight the things and characteristics to be explained.
Grasp the characteristics of things
The characteristics of things are mainly manifested in structure (inside and outside), shape (size, length and so on. ), properties (hard, soft, cold, hot, etc. ), change (dynamic, static, fast, slow), reason (simple, complex), function (width, positive and negative) and so on.
Generally speaking, the main points to be explained in explanatory texts are often the characteristics of things. In addition to the key points, it is also necessary to find out what characteristics the author introduced and how to learn from them.
What angles are introduced?
For example, the article Immortality of the Dead Sea illustrates the characteristics of the Dead Sea from three angles: first, the "death" of the Dead Sea (phenomenal characteristics), then the "immortality" of the Dead Sea (essential characteristics), and finally the "immortality" and "death" of the Dead Sea (current situation and future development characteristics). In this way, the comprehensive characteristics of the Dead Sea are revealed layer by layer.
For example, Ye Shengtao's "Suzhou Garden" focuses on the general feature that "no matter where you stand, there is always a picture in front of you" and explains it from eight aspects. Five aspects: the layout of pavilions; The cooperation between rockery and pond; Against the flowers and trees; Close-up level; Three small aspects: the beauty of the picture in the small corner, the beauty of the pattern of doors and windows, and the beauty of the color of the building. In this way, through inductive analysis from different aspects, we can fully grasp the characteristics of Suzhou gardens.
Pay attention to the accuracy of understanding language
Accuracy is the characteristic of explanatory language. Analyzing the language of explanatory writing is to see how words and sentences accurately explain the characteristics of things to be explained. Pay attention to analyze the function of keywords.
For example, in the article March to the Desert, "the desert is one of the most tenacious natural enemies of human beings", and removing "most" is not enough to explain the seriousness of desert harm; The nature of removing "nature" and "enemy" is unclear; Take out "one" and it will be absolute. Of course, we should also pay full attention to the vividness of words.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-description method