Li Jing (916-961), whose courtesy name was Boyu, was originally named Jingtong. The eldest son of Li Sheng, the founder of the Southern Tang Dynasty, died in the 19th year of his reign (943-961) and was buried in Shunling Mausoleum. His temple name was Yuan Chong, and later generations were called the Central Lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He was a fatuous and incompetent emperor. But he writes good poetry and his calligraphy is also good. His famous saying "The small building blows through the cold jade pipe". He died in 961, at the age of 46.
Breaking through the Huanxi sand (a mountain flower seed)
The fragrant lotus leaves are sold out, and the westerly wind stirs up the green waves. Still haggard and haggard with the time, unbearable to look at.
The drizzle dreamed of returning to Jisai far away, and the cold wind blew through the small building. How many tears are there to limit hatred, relying on the lantern.
Breaking through the Huanxi sand (a Shanhuazi)
Hand-rolled jade hooks on the bead curtains, locking the heavy building with the regret of the previous spring. Who is the master of the flowers falling in the wind? Thinking leisurely.
The bluebird does not convey the message from the clouds, and the lilacs are empty and full of sorrow in the rain. Looking back at the green waves at dusk in spring, they connect with the flow from the sky.
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There is no message from the swan geese on the sand, and the crow of partridges is heard among the bamboos. Only the fallen flowers know this feeling.
Ying Tianchang
The first moon is facing the makeup mirror, and the cicada's temples and phoenix hairpin are careless and uneven. The heavy curtains are quiet, the floors are back, the melancholy flowers are falling, and the wind is uncertain.
Willow embankments and fragrant grass paths, dreaming of broken windlass and golden wells. I woke up late last night after drinking, and my spring sorrow passed away and I fell ill.
Looking into the distance
The jade inlays are bright, the flowers are shining brightly, and the Zhu Fei is the mayor of the town for a long time. It's hard to sleep in the cold night, and the smoke from the stove is cold in the pavilion.
The waning moon of Moling Anvil does not convey news but conveys feelings. Under the golden window, I was suddenly shocked. The conscript returned home and Ermao was born.
Appreciation of "Huanxisha"
Comments
① Handan (hàndàn Handan): Another name for lotus.
② The west wind rises from the green waves: The west wind rises from the green waves. Because the flowers and leaves withered, the author complained about the rise of the west wind, so it was called "sorrow".
③ Shao (sháoshao) light: good time. Shao: Beautiful.
④ Chicken stuffing: that is, chicken stuffing. In the Han Dynasty, it was a northern fortress. In the first year of Emperor Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 89), Dou Xianbei attacked the Xiongnu and left the fortress. After winning, he climbed Yanran Mountain, carved stones to show his merits, and returned.
⑤ Blowing through: Blow to the last time. Cold: When the Sheng is played for a long time, moisture is brought in by the breath, so it is called "cold". It can also be used as a desolate solution for Yu Sheng.
⑥ How many: one is "簌簌". What is the limit: a work is "infinite".
This poem depicts the artistic image of a woman who is moved by the autumn scenery and misses her husband. It reflects the spiritual emptiness of the feudal ruling class and the declining power of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
The first part of the poem is lyrical to the scenery.
Start with two sentences: "The fragrance of lotus leaves is gone, and the west wind is worried about the green waves." The first sentence is the fruit, and the second sentence is the cause. The lotus withers, the lotus fragrance is gone, and the lotus leaves wither. A gust of autumn wind rises in the green waves with sadness. The word "fragrant sales" is used to express the withering of the lotus. It depicts the fragrance of the lotus when it was in full bloom, and describes the tragic situation of the lotus now withering away. The word "sorrow" blends emotion into the scenery, and there is a meaning in the poem that the person in the poem complained about the west wind that "the fragrance of lotus leaves has been sold away by the green leaves." When Wang Guowei commented on these two sentences in "Renjian Ci Hua", he said: "There is a sense of 'all the fragrances are filthy' and 'beautiful women are old and twilight'." Wang Guowei used Qu Yuan's "Li Sao": "Sorrow for the filthiness of all the fragrances" ", "Afraid of the beauty's twilight years" are used to comment on these two sentences, so the "sorrow" in the words should contain the meanings of "sorrow" and "fear". The fallen lotus leaves and the bleak west wind make people feel extremely sad! Next, "It's still haggard and haggard with the time, and it's unbearable to look at." It's written that women are moved by the scene and think of the good time they have lost, just like the fragrant lotus leaves, which are fragrant and haggard. The three words "unbearable to see" vividly express the feeling of being unable to bear to see this desolate autumn scenery, so as not to arouse the sadness caused by touching the scene. Chen Yanzhuo of the Qing Dynasty commented on these two sentences in his "Baiyu Zhai Ci Hua": "It is extremely sinking, extremely depressed, and desolate. Although the empress is good at words, he cannot convey his meaning." What he said is extremely true.
The second part of the poem describes how the person misses her husband.
After changing the head, use things to express feelings.
"Dry rain dreams back to Jisaiyuan", written in a dream. In his sleep, he went to a far away border fortress to look for his husband who was guarding the border. When he woke up, he saw drizzle but no man in the dream. It describes how deeply she misses her husband and how disappointed she is. "The cold sound of the Yusheng blowing through the small building" describes the scene when she wakes up. It depicts the missing woman alone in the small building, holding the Yusheng in her hand and blowing to her heart's content until the end. During the first song, Yusheng became wet because of playing it for too long. It vividly describes the passionate state of mind and the desolate scene of the missing woman playing the sheng to show her love. These two sentences, from outside the Great Wall to the small building, from the dream to waking up from the dream, although they describe the feelings of resentment between friends, their artistic conception is broad and have always been praised by people. Wang Anshi believes that these two sentences are in the later poem "A river of spring water flows eastward". "On top of the sentence. The last two sentences are "No limit to hatred, no matter how many tears, leaning on the langan." Still using things to describe feelings, the preceding "menghui" describes the person in bed, and "leaning on the langan" refers to the person getting up from the bed, walking to the top of the building, and leaning on the langan alone. After getting rid of the depression, I saw the night was hazy and the autumn rain was misty, and I thought of my husband who was guarding the border far away from the Great Wall. The infinite sorrow and hatred of separation suddenly flooded into my heart, and I couldn't help but burst into tears. Trying to express the depth of sorrow and hatred. The concluding sentence is implicit and leaves a lingering rhyme.
This song "Huanxisha" has always been appreciated by people. The two sentences "Han Pian" and "drizzle" in the poem are both famous sentences. They are delicately written, the scene is harmonious, not elaborate, and desolate. Wu Mei's "General Theory of Ci Studies" said: "The beauty of this Ci lies in its melancholy." This theory is quite true.