Cai School had a great influence on politics and calligraphy from Jin Dynasty to Tang Dynasty. There are still several kinds of Cai's cursive scripts collected by the imperial palace in the middle Tang Dynasty, even in the imperial palace in the Northern Song Dynasty. Apart from Zhu Guantian's Comprehensive Genealogy of Chua's and Chua Youlin and his former calligraphers, there are not many articles about Chua's lineage and calligraphy. With the abundance of unearthed materials in recent twenty years, it is necessary for us to sort out their lineage and family background again. The Epitaph of the Tang Dynasty and the Supplement to the Complete Works of the Tang Dynasty are both included in the Preface to Cai Gong's Epitaph. Cai Gong was invited by the Tang Dynasty to be a doctor, minister, punishments department, diplomacy and a captain. Cai Xizhou and Cai Xiji are brothers of Cai Xizong. This diary introduces Cai's family background and calligraphy in detail, and even Cai's unknown family background can be seen in it. Scholars have studied the text of Cai Xizhou's epitaph and related literary issues, such as Qiao Changfu's textual research on Cai Xizhou's brothers' deeds, and the completion time of Danyang Collection (hereinafter referred to as Wen Qiao). However, there are still some studies on Cai Xizhou's family background and official calendar, which need further textual research. In addition, the Zhi Zhu brothers' tenure is particularly critical to the textual research on the completion time of The Theory of Fa Shu. This paper makes textual research on Cai's family background, calligraphy, Cai Xizhou's life, family background, official career and the completion time of Fa Shu.
First, Cai's family background and calligraphy.
Calligraphy theory in the revision of Cai Xizhou's epitaph can clarify Cai's lineage. Zhi: "Let's stay in Jiyang first. In the past, our footsteps, have their own Hou in the east. De Zong Ping was born because of his surname. Leading the prime minister of Qin to serve the Han Dynasty. Jin Zhimo, the outline of Song Dynasty, is not thin. " According to the record of Chua's lineage in the Book of Laws, "Confucianism has been passed down from generation to generation in Yu family, especially in the Book of Laws. Zuo Zhonglang, the ancestor of the 19th generation in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was a marvelous calligrapher, Chen, the ancestor of the 6th generation, Li Mei in the middle of the scene, and the secretary of the Sui and Shu palaces in the 5th generation, all of whom knew the salt, which was the essence of the times. Cao led the troops from his uncle's right-back, and he was a neighbor. Following the trace of the eight-body, the fourth brother, the master Yi Xi, the seventh brother and the Luoyang Wei Xiji are deeply involved in the grass, which is quite contemporary. " (3) It is necessary to make it clear in the Book of Laws that "the ancestor of the 19th generation in the Eastern Han Dynasty left a long position": Cai Yong was not mentioned as his ancestor, only "he was the prime minister of Qin Dynasty" (Cai Ze) and "he was a Chinese affair" (Cai Mao). According to "Cai's" recorded in Volume 8 of Records of Yuanhe's Family in Tang Dynasty, Cai Yong's father was Cai Ling and Ji's father was Cai Ling. This is consistent with Wen Zhi's "Let the public stay in Jiyang first". Therefore, the comprehensive team is indeed Cai's. In addition, under the chapter of "Cai's Family" and "Danyang" in the Compilation of Surnames, "As a cloud: after the quality, Dr. Tang Sixun was lonely", when Cai moved from Jiyang to Danyang. Jiyang is the hope of its county.
In addition, Cai Yong has a daughter whose son is unknown to the world. The world knows about Cai Yan, a woman in Cai Yong, but there is another woman in Cai Yong, and there is a lot of academic research. According to Biography of Empresses in the Book of Jin, Jing Xian, the queen of sheep, was born in Cheng Nan, Taishan Mountain. Father, Shangdang Taishou, stepmother Cai, and Han Zuo's daughter commander Yong. " Yang is the eldest sister of yang hu, the general of the Western Jin Dynasty. In The Book of Jin Biography of Yang Hucheng, it is said that "the grandson of Cai Yong and the younger brother of Jing Xian", that is, both Yang and Yang Hucheng were born to the daughter of Cai Yong. In addition, Yang Hucheng "won the merits of the thief Wu Zhi, and he will go to the soil and beg for his wife and brother to attack him". This "Cai Attack" may be Cai Yong's direct grandson. If so, Cai Yong still has children. It is not the so-called "Cao Cao Su is always good, hurting his childless" in the Biography of Dongsi Wife.
It is recorded in the Book of Laws that "the sixth ancestor Chen Shi was in Jing Li, and the fifth ancestor Shu Wang Fu Jijun was known", and Cai Jun knew his father, namely Cai Ning. According to this relationship, Cai and Cai are brothers, but the genealogy obtained by textual research on Cai Zhuan and Zhuan is quite different. "Cai Ning, word, jiyang city people also. Zu Ti, Dr. Jin Jinguang, Lu, officials of Liang Department. Father, Liang is in charge of Huangmen Assistant Minister ". This lineage is "Cai Yi (or" Cai Zun ") → Cai Gaoyan → Cai Ning → Cai Junzhi". Also, "Cai, the word, is also a native of Jiyang Kaocheng. Ancestral Hall Assistant Minister Liang Shangshu Zuo Hu. Father Datong, who joined the army in Ji's family, arrived in Beijing without pomp. " Its pedigree is: "Cai Dian → Cai Datong → Cai Lijing". From this perspective, the two Chua's are not related by blood and must be traced back. According to Biography of Cai Mo in the Book of Jin, Biography of Liang Shu Cai Kun and Biography of Cai Kuo in the Book of Song (attached with Biography of Xing Zong), Cai Kun's lineage is supplemented: "Cai Mu → Cai De → Cai Ke → Cai Mo → Cai Xi → Chae Rim → Cai Kuo → Cai Xingzong → Cai Kun. However, Cai's father, Cai Datong, has no history books. According to the biography of Cai Dabao in Zhou Shu, Cai Lijing's lineage is: "Cai Lu → Cai Dian → Cai Datong → Cai Lijing ..." It can be seen that there is no intersection between these two Chuas IV. The article "Cai's Family" in Collection of Surnames says: "Sun Dian, Liang and Feng Gong are six generations." According to Cen School, "Liang An Feng Gong" is Cai Dabao, not Cai Dian. Capture the figures of "great cause, great treasure and great treasure" under "point". In fact, Cai Dian gave birth to at least five children. In addition to Cai Datong, the father of Cen Paihe, the establishment of "Jianli Taishou" is also one of Cai's propositions. According to the above, Cai refers to his father Cai Lu, who is the fifth grandson. This is a branch of Cai.
In addition, the surname spectrum notes: "Born in Situmo, Jin. Mo, Xing Zong, official department minister, ancestral home Zun. Sun Ning, Zi Ning He Jun ". Visible, two Chua's from Cai Ke. According to Cai Junzhi's lineage, Cai Ke's fifth grandson is Cai Xingzong. Try to compare the two: Cai Lijing: Cai Ke → …… (great-grandson) → (fifth grandson) Cai Lu → (sixth grandson) Cai Dian → Cai Datong → (eighth grandson) Cai Lijing; Cai Junzhi: Cai Ke → Cai Mo →……… (great-great grandson) Cai Kuo → (fifth grandson) Cai Xingzong → (sixth grandson) Jin Cai → Cai Gaoyan → (eighth grandson) Cai Ning → Cai Junzhi. The Book of Dharma calls Cai the sixth ancestor, which shows that the family is a descendant. And ambition: "The Mo of Jin, the Gang of Song, and the cultivation of Man Yan are not thin." Jin Zhimo, that is, Cai Mo; The outline of the Song Dynasty is Cai Kuo. His lineage comes from Cai Junzhi. As the second expenditure is in Cai Ke, according to the above table, we can find out the closest relationship between the two branches, that is, Cai Lu and Cai Xingzong are brothers and both belong to the son of Cai Kuo, so Cai Lijing is indeed a generation older than Cai Junzhi, which is consistent with calligraphy theory. Therefore, the two branches can be merged into: Cai Ke → Cai Mo → Cai Department → Chae Rim → Cai Kuo → Cai Xingzong (the youngest son) → Jin Cai → Cai Gaoyan → Cai Ning → Cai Junzhi → Cai Lu → Cai Dian → Cai Datong → Cai Lijing. Comparing the relationship between the two branches, it is not accurate to say that "Jing Li was the sixth ancestor in the Chen Dynasty, and the husband of Sui Shu, the fifth ancestor, gathered scholars and gentlemen". Today's various genealogies of Chua's family, such as Jiyang genealogy, Chua's genealogy and provincial genealogy, have different records on the origins of these two branches before the Tang Dynasty, and the relationship between Zhao and Mu based on this Chua's genealogy is not accurate. It is a useful reference to investigate Cai's genealogy by combining the records of Tang Dynasty documents such as The Theory of Calligraphy and the Epitaph of Cai Xizhou.