Zhang Fei wears the eye of a needle, and his eyes are small.
Cao Cao went down to the south of the Yangtze River-he was ferocious and suffered a terrible failure.
Zhang Fei throws chicken feathers-strength is hard to make.
Guan Yu is going to a meeting-say it straight away.
Zhuge Liang levied Meng Huo-receiving, releasing and releasing.
Cao Cao eats chicken ribs-it's tasteless to eat, but it's a pity to discard them.
Zhang Fei's strategy-crude and refined
Zhuge Liang plays the piano-he has a plan in mind
Cao Cao met Jiang Gan-it was a disaster.
Zhang Fei sells smuggled salt-who dares to check?
Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan-mysterious
Cao's surgery-cleaning
Zhang Fei sells scales-people are strong and goods are hard.
Zhuge Liang's Spirit and Zhou Yu —— A little skill
Cao Cao killed Hua tuo-he was afraid of illness and medicine.
Zhang Fei sells meat-all talk and no practice.
Zhuge Liang borrowed an arrow-if he borrowed it, he wouldn't return it.
Cao Cao used a trick-treacherous and cunning.
Zhang Fei hits Guan Gong-Forget the old love.
Zhuge Liang shed tears and beheaded Ma Su —— Taking the overall situation into consideration.
Cao Cao defeated Wancheng-defeated and fled.
Zhang Fei eats bean sprouts-a plate of Loi Siu.
Zhuge Liang wants an ugly wife-for his career.
Cao Cao killed Lv Boshe-a mistake is a mistake.
Zhang Fei's mother's surname is Wu-nothing (Wu) makes trouble.
Zhuge Liang's marriage-talent is more important than appearance
The late Lord surrendered to Wei-shameless
Cao Cao defeated Huarong Road-as expected
Zhang Fei catches mice-big eyes and small eyes
Zhuge Liang used his troops-elusive
Cao Cao defeated Huarong Road-he took the right path.
Zhang Fei embroidered-coarse and fine.
Zhuge Liang's Secret Kit-Clever Calculation
Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang-Different Tempers
Zhang Fei wears a needle-thick and fine.
Zhuge Liang's countermeasure-foresight
Borrow an arrow from a straw boat-the more the better.
Han Xin split up-the more the better.
Adou became emperor-weak and incompetent
Close the door to the public-kill people
Borrow the arrow of the grass boat-sit back and enjoy the success
Dong Zhuo plays the story of Diexin-dying in the flowers.
Guan Yu sells meat-no one dares to come
The straw boat borrowed an arrow and returned with full load.
Deusim's story singing-colorful.
Guan Yunchang sells tofu-hard goods are not hard.
Kong Ming practices the piano-a cliche.
Sima Yan Abolished the Wei Master-Copying the Old Spectrum
Scold Liu Bei at Zhang Fei-looking for anger
Guandi Temple Begging for Children-Wrong Door
Zhuge Liang borrowed an arrow from a straw boat-of course.
Jiang Gan stole books-he was taken in.
Huang Zhong shoots Guan Gong.-Go easy on me.
Zhuge Liang mourns his filial piety-pretending
Lu Su fetes Guan Yunchang-Hidden dangers.
Guan Yu looked in the mirror-blushed consciously.
Zhuge Liang's mourning for filial piety-insincere
Lyu3 bu4' s story of meeting Dixin-fascination.
Guan Gong drinks-he is not afraid of blushing.
Zhuge Liang used an empty plan-the last resort.
Getting married in Suzhou-making the fake come true
Guan Yunchang to Maicheng-Disaster is coming.
Zhuge Liang sings an empty plan-there is no way.
Sima Yi broke the gossip-he didn't pretend to understand.
Guan Yu went to dinner-brave and fearless
Zhuge Liang as a strategist-worthy of the name
Zhou Yu begged Jingzhou-no pains, no gains.
Worship Guanyin in Guandi Temple-Wrong Gate
Zhuge Liang as a strategist-there are many ways.
Lu Su begged Jingzhou to leave empty-handed and return empty-handed.
There is a statue of Guanyin hanging in Guandi Temple-it is not worthy of the name.
Two heads are better than one Zhuge Liang.
Eat Cao Cao's meal and think about Liu Bei-people are absent-minded
Guan Gong fought against Li Kui jy with great courage.
Guan Yunchang curettage cures poison-no pain.
Dong Zhuo went to Beijing-he didn't come.
Guan Yunchang Cures Poison by Scraping Bone —— As if nothing had happened
Liu Beisan went to Wollongong to please Zhuge Liang.
Dong Zhuo went to Beijing-up to no good.
Guan Yunchang scraped bones and played chess-as if nothing had happened.
Guan Yunchang farted.-I don't know how to blush.
Zhou Yu hit Huang Gai-one is willing to fight and the other is willing to get it.
Guan Gong entered Cao Ying-Cut to the chase.
Liu Bei weaves straw sandals-an expert
Liu Bei's Jiangshan-Shouting
Zhou Yu's Yellow Cover-Pretending
Zhang Fei's debt collection-fierce momentum
Zhou Yu hits the yellow cover-two wishes
Zhuge Liang borrowed an arrow from a straw boat-using a suspicious plan.
Chu Xu hits Ma Chao-shirtless.
Zhang Fei stormed into the battle.
Zhang Fei wears a mask-showing his eyes.
Adou's land-free delivery
Look at Zhuge Liang through the crack of the door-look down on heroes
Zhang Fei sells weights-people are strong and goods are hard.
Sima kua Zhuge-candidly admit defeat
Guan Yu read the Spring and Autumn Annals-at a glance.
Huang zhong makes friends-the old man is not old.
Zhuge Liang plays with dogs-he has been a fool all his life.
Huang zhong's archery-hitting every shot.
Huang Zhong wields a sledgehammer-old and strong.
Guan Yu sneezes-blow your own horn
Guan Yu has a nosebleed-adding red to red
When Pang Tong was the magistrate, he was overqualified.
Zhang Fei sleeps-without closing his eyes.
Watching the Three Kingdoms shed tears —— Concerned about the ancients
Liu Bei cast his son-buying people's hearts
Xu Shu entered Cao Cao's camp without saying anything.
Zhang Fei's massacre-an evil spirit
The reincarnation of Cao Cao-suspicious
Zhang Fei pulled off the bridge-foolhardy.
Playing with a broadsword in front of Guan Yu-overreaching.
After retiring from Zhong Da, Kong Ming played the piano-he kept calm in times of crisis.
Luban has a big axe in front of him-more than one can chew.
2. Style
1 besieged
In 202 BC, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to take the east and west of the gorge (in present-day Rongxian County, Jia Luhe) as the boundary, and they would not invade each other. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Sean and Chen Ping, and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed when he was weak. Then he chased Xiang Yu's army with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia, and chased Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) eastward. Finally, several layers of troops were arranged to tightly surround Xiang Yu (in the southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, Xiang Yu's soldiers were few and there was no food. In the evening, I heard that all the troops around him were singing the folk songs of Chu. I couldn't help but be very surprised and say, "Did Liu Bang get Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in his army? "As he spoke, he lost his fighting spirit, so he got out of bed, drank wine in the camp, and recited a poem to himself, saying," Wei can move mountains. The momentum is overwhelming, and the times are against me. Horses can't run. "A good horse can't run away, what should I do, concubine concubine? How can I arrange you!" Sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I cried, and the people on the side were also very sad, and they all felt that they could not lift their heads. Yu Ji committed suicide in front of Xiang Yu's horse. Xiang Yu's hero ended up with more than 800 knights, leaving only 28 in the end. He felt ashamed to face the elders in Jiangdong, and finally threw himself into the river, and Liu Bang dominated the world.
Because there is a story in this story that Xiang Yu was surprised to hear someone singing Chu songs around him, and then failed to commit suicide, people later used "besieged from all sides" to describe the personnel environment where people were attacked or persecuted from all directions, resulting in an embarrassing situation of isolation and helplessness. Anyone caught in this situation often has a tragic fate. For example, some people are idle because they often associate with bad people. But later, the bad guys forced him to make a living. When he asks for help from others, others should treat him as a bad person on weekdays, and never sympathize with him or ignore him. This man's situation is "besieged on all sides". Another example is that when the school discusses academic issues, students are ignorant (idioms, meaning no academics), irresponsible and confuse right and wrong. When students rise up and attack, students are completely isolated. This can also be called "besieged on all sides". In the process of our life, in our daily life, we should be a good person and do things in a down-to-earth manner. If we make a mistake, we will suffer from all sides.
Historical records of Xiang Yu
The last battle
Han Xin was born in Huaiyin (now southwest of Qingjiang River in Jiangsu Province). He is a general under Hanwang Liu Bang. In order to defeat Xiang Yu and seize the world, he made a plan for Liu Bang, first capturing Guanzhong, then crossing the Yellow River eastward, defeating and capturing Wei who betrayed Liu Bang and surrendered to Xiang Yu, and then eastward attacking Zhao Wangxie.
Han Xin's troops have to pass through a very narrow mountain pass, called the wellhead. Li Zuojun, the counselor of the Prince of Zhao, advocated sending troops to cut corners while blocking the mouth of Jingxing to cut off the supplies of the Han army. Without backup, Han Xin's expeditionary force will surely fail. But General Chen Yu refused to listen, relying on his military superiority, and insisted on fighting the Han army head-on. Han Xin was very happy when he learned that. He ordered the troops to camp 30 miles away from Jingxing, and in the middle of the night, let the soldiers have some snacks and let them eat after winning the battle. Later, he sent 2,000 Qingqi to sneak forward from the path and let them rush into Zhao's camp quickly after Zhao left the camp and hang the Han flag. Another 10,000 soldiers were sent to deliberately turn their backs on the river to lure Zhao.
At dawn, Han Xin led the army to attack, and the two sides fought fiercely. Soon, the Han army defeated the backwater position for a pretence, and all Zhao troops left the camp and came to pursue. At this time, Han Xin ordered the main attack, and the soldiers who had no retreat turned around and pounced on the enemy. Zhao can't win and is going back to camp. Suddenly, the flag of the Han army was planted in the camp, and he fled everywhere. The Han army pursued the victory and won a total victory. When celebrating the victory, the generals asked Han Xin, "According to the art of war, this array can carry mountains on its back and face the water. Now you've asked us to line up in last stand, and you've said that you're going to give Zhao a full meal. We didn't believe it at the time, but we really won. What kind of strategy is this? "
Han Xin smiled and said, "This is something in the art of war, but you didn't notice it. Didn't Sun Tzu's Art of War say,' You will be born when you are trapped, and then you will live'? If there is a retreat, the soldiers have fled, how can they be desperate! "
This story evolved from the idiom "the last battle", which is mostly used in military actions and can also be used in actions with the nature of "decisive battle".
Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou
cut off all means of retreat
When Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted in Daze Township, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu of Wuzhong (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) responded. Xiang Liang's father, Xiang Yu's grandfather, is a famous Chu Xiang Yan. Xiang Yu's father died in his early years, and he grew up under the care of his uncle Xiang Liang. At an early age, he was determined to avenge his country. His uncle teaches him calligraphy, but he doesn't study hard. Let him learn fencing, he doesn't work hard. Xiang Liang was very angry and called him worthless. But Xiang Yu said: "Reading and writing, at most, just remember your own name." When I am good at fencing, I can only fight with a few people. I want to learn the skill of one man against ten thousand people. "After hearing what Xiang Yu said, Xiang Liang felt that his nephew was very ambitious, so he taught Xiang Yu to study the art of war. Xiang Liang himself is good at making friends. Whenever he meets someone who has something important, he tries to help. Local people like him very much. He has become a hero leader in Wuzhong, and even local officials should respect him.
Many people came to see Qin Shihuang's last cruise after Wuzhong. People standing on both sides, seeing this majestic and luxurious emperor driving a Mercedes-Benz, all stood there in a daze, and the atmosphere did not dare to breathe (Chu m: n). Only Xiang Yu, who was a head taller than others in the crowd, stared at a pair of big eyes with gods under heavy eyebrows and blurted out: "What's the big deal? Anyone can take his place! " Xiang Liang quickly covered Xiang Yu's mouth in fright and warned in a low voice, "You are talking nonsense here. If someone informs on you, you will destroy nine families. " After returning home, Xiang Yu complained about his uncle and said, "On weekdays, you always let me practice martial arts and learn the art of war, so that I never forget the hatred of my home country." Why are you so timid today? " Xiang Liang said, "We should do great things, and we should not be impatient. If you want revenge, you must learn to wait for the opportunity. "
This year, Qin Shihuang died on his way back to Xianyang. In the second year, II succeeded to the throne, and Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted in Daze Township. After the news came, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu were very happy and excited. They thought it was time to get revenge on Chu, so they killed the local leaders and gathered 8000 soldiers to rise up against Qin.
Soon, the news came that Chen Sheng was defeated by Zhang Han, a general of the State of Qin. Xiang Liang quickly led 8000 soldiers from Jiangdong, crossed the Yangtze River and advanced to the western front. Some scattered anti-Qin teams, such as the armed forces led by Chen Ying, Ying Bu and Lv Chen, all defected to Xiang Liang's team one after another, and suddenly increased to 670,000 people. But by this time, Chen Wang had been killed by the traitor Zhuang Jia, and the Zhang Chu regime had been torn apart. At this critical juncture, Xiang Liang held a meeting of rebel leaders in Xue County (now south of Tengzhou, Shandong Province) to discuss the selection of rebel leaders. At this moment, an old man in his seventies named Fan Zeng came to offer suggestions. He said to Xiang Liang, "The state of Qin destroyed six countries, and Chu was the most unfortunate. Chu Huaiwang was deceived and died in the State of Qin, and the Chu people still miss him. You started from Jiangdong, and many people came to see you. This is because your family has been a general of Chu for generations, and people want you to restore Chu. If you make Chu Huaiwang's descendants king, you will certainly be able to call on more people. "
Xiang Liang felt that Fan Zeng's words were very reasonable, so he sent people to look around for the descendants of Chu Huaiwang. Not long after, we found Chu Huaiwang's grandson Xiong Xin, who was only 13 years old and was herding sheep for others. So Xiang Liang led everyone to make Xiong Xin king of Chu, and in order to conform to the nostalgia of the Chu people for the old country, he was still called "Chu Huaiwang". After the news spread, many people came to join Xiang Liang's team.
Xiang Liang placed Chu Huaiwang in Xuyi (now the northeast of Xuyi County) and led troops to continue westward. Defeated in Dong 'e (now northeast of yanggu county, Shandong Province), defeated in Puyang (now northeast of Huaxian County, Henan Province), and then captured Dingtao (now south of Heze, Shandong Province). At this time, the old nobles of Qi, Zhao, Yan, Wei and other countries also established kings on their own land and restored their titles, and the world of Qin was about to perish. Xiang Liang ordered Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, who had recently defected to him, to lead troops to the west quickly. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang killed Li You, the general of the Qin Dynasty. Seeing the critical situation, Zhang Han asked the Qin government to send reinforcements. After Xiang Liang's victory, he was complacent and unprepared. He attacked Dingtao and killed Xiang Liang. After Xiang Liang's death, the insurgents suffered heavy losses, so Xiang Yu, Liu Bang and Lv Chen had to retreat to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) and take the defensive.
Besides, Zhang Han, the general of the Qin Dynasty, after defeating the main force of the Chu army led by Xiang Liang, thought that the Chu army was weakened and there was no need to worry, so he put them aside and led the army across the Yellow River to attack Zhao Xie, who claimed to be the prince of Zhao at that time. The Prince of Zhao and his advisers Zhang Er and Chen Yu could not resist Qin Jun's attack, so they had to retreat to Julu (now Pingxiang County, Hebei Province) and hold their ground. Zhang Han sent general Wang Li to besiege the giant Lucheng like an iron drum, Qin Jun set an iron wall outside the city, and Zhang Han personally led the main force to transport food and grass to replenish the besieged Wang Li army.
Zhao was surrounded and couldn't keep it, so he quickly sent for help. Zhao Dajun, granted by Yan and Ji, had already arrived, but seeing Qin Jun's powerful influence, no one wanted to be an egg that touched the stone, and all of them were stationed in a place far away from Qin Jun.
In addition, Chu Huaiwang also received a distress letter from the prince of Zhao, and quickly prepared reinforcements, sent Yi Song as a general, and asked him to go north with Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng to save Zhao.
Yi Song set out from Cheng Peng with a great army, and the soldiers rested for several months. Now I hear that they are going to fight against Qin Jun's main force, rubbing their hands and fighting spirit is very strong. However, Yi Song is a timid and selfish villain. He won the trust of Chu Huaiwang with sweet words and cheated the relieving, but he didn't want to fight hard with Qin Jun at the gate. When he arrived in Anyang (now east of Cao County, Shandong Province), he ordered the whole army to rest in place. This stay is more than 40 days. He drinks and makes merry in the tent every day and never mentions helping Zhao.
Xiang Yu couldn't bear it. He came to see Yi Song: "Saving soldiers is like putting out a fire. Now the prince of Zhao is in danger. We should immediately lead our troops across the Yellow River and cooperate with Zhao Wang, and we will definitely defeat Qin Jun! " Yi Song gave Xiang Yu a sidelong glance and said slowly, "Where do you know the wonderful use of the art of war? Our goal is to destroy Qin Jun. My idea is to let Qin and Zhao fight to the death first, so that we can reap the benefits of the fishermen. I can't compare with you on the battlefield. If you want to make suggestions, you are far behind me. " Xiang Yu was robbed for nothing, but he didn't have an attack. He angrily walked out of the army account.
Yi Song smiled at his back, then drafted an order and announced it to the whole army, saying, "Soldiers should fight fiercely like tigers and wolves, but anyone who disobeys the order will be beheaded." This is obviously aimed at Xiang Yu, telling him to obey orders obediently.
Xiang Yu is a hot temper, how can he swallow this tone? One morning, armed to the teeth, he strode into Song Yijun's tent and once again demanded that troops be sent to rescue Zhao immediately. Song Yi lost his temper and shouted, "My military orders have been issued. Would you like to try the order first? " Xiang Yu roared, "I want to borrow my order!" Song Yiben was a straw bag, and he was scared into a ball at once. Xiang Yu cut off his head with a sword. When the soldiers heard that Yi Song had been killed, they immediately expressed their willingness to obey Xiang Yu's command and appointed Xiang Yu as the acting general.
Once in power, the order will be settled. Xiang Yu served as the commander-in-chief of Zhao Dajun, ordered the soldiers to bring enough food for three days each, and then ordered to smash all the cooking pots used for marching. The soldiers were shocked. Xiang Yu said, "No need for a pot. We can go into battle lightly and save Zhao immediately. He is in danger! As for eating, let's go to Zhang Han military camp and take a pot to cook! " When the army crossed the zhāng River, Xiang Yu ordered the soldiers to sink all the ferries and burn all the marching tents. The soldiers saw that their retreat was gone, and no one could live without winning the battle.
Xiang Yu's Chu army quickly surrounded Wang Li's army and launched nine fierce battles with Qin Jun. The Chu army crossing the river took one as ten, and ten as a hundred. They were all tigers in the mountains and fought bravely. On the battlefield, smoke covered the sky and the sound of ShaSheng was deafening. The soldiers of the Chu army fought harder and harder, and the earth shook and the blood became a river. After many confrontations, the Chu army finally defeated Qin Jun, killed the Qin general Su Jiao and captured Wang Li. The parties concerned were beaten to death and set themselves on fire (fén). Zhang Han hurried back with beaten army. When the reinforcements sent by the old nobles saw Xiang Yu's victory, they both admired and feared. From then on, Xiang Yu became a general, and all the vassal armies were under his command.
Zhang Han led the beaten army to retreat for dozens of miles, and sent people to Xianyang for help. However, Zhao Gao was busy seizing the throne and no reinforcements were sent. In desperation, Zhang Han led the rest of the Qin soldiers to surrender to Xiang Yu.
In the fierce battle of Julu, Xiang Yu's Chu army defeated Qin Jun's main force, and the powerful Qin Dynasty was unable to resist the attack of peasant rebels. Soon, Liu Bang's team invaded Xianyang and overthrew the rule of the Qin Dynasty. Xiang Yu immediately led the troops to the west. Xiang Yu was called "the overlord of the place of Xi Chu", but Fan Ceng said to him, "If you want to be called king forever, you must kill Liu Bang." But Xiang Yu thought, "I used to be a friend. Why do I have to be an enemy?"
At the Hongmen banquet, you repeatedly refused to kill Liu Bang and named Liu Bang Hanwang, but who knows that heroes cherish heroes?
You are defeated. You are defeated. Although you are "angry at the world", you can only break through and escape, leaving your concubine.
Opposite, it is the hometown you miss day and night-Jiangdong. There is a boat in the middle of Wujiang River. After that, the meeting can be held.
But I don't want to spend the Wujiang River, thinking that I have no face to see my elders in Jiangdong, and the tide is gone, so it is difficult to turn the tide.
You fell down, with resentment, leaving many thoughts for future generations.
Historical records of Xiang Yu
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue competed for hegemony, and the State of Yue was defeated by the State of Wu and surrendered to make peace. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, tried his best to recruit doctors, scholars and Fan Li to rectify the state affairs. After ten years of reunion and lessons, the country turned from weak to strong, and finally defeated Wu, which was a national humiliation. Fu Cha, the king of Wu, fled in defeat and made peace with Yue seven times in a row, but both insisted on not letting him. Zhang Qian was helpless, so he tied a letter to an arrow and shot it into Fan Li's camp. The letter said: "The rabbits were all caught, and the hounds that caught them were useless, so they killed cook the meat and ate him;" When the enemy country is destroyed, the counselors who make suggestions for defeating the enemy are useless, so they are abandoned or eliminated. Why don't the two doctors let Wu stay and leave some room for themselves? " Wen Zi and Fan Li still refused to make peace, so Fu Cha had to draw his sword and commit suicide. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, destroyed the State of Wu. When he and his ministers held a banquet in Wu Palace, he found that Fan Li had disappeared. The next day, he found Fan Li's coat in Taihu Lake. Everyone thinks that Fan Li committed suicide by throwing himself into the lake. But not long after, someone sent a letter to Wen Zi, which read: "When all the birds were killed, the slingshot was put away; When all the rabbits are caught, the hounds are killed, cooked and eaten; The enemy country was destroyed, the counselor was abandoned or killed. Yue Wang is a man, and he can only be bitter, not happy. The doctor has not left him so far, and it is inevitable that he will die soon. " At this point, Wen Zi knew that Fan Li was not dead, but lived in seclusion. Although he didn't believe what he said in the letter, he often complained of illness and refused to go to court, which aroused Gou Jian's suspicion for a long time. One day, Gou Jian visited Wen Zi and left a sword behind. Wen Zi saw the word "ornamental" on the scabbard, which was the sword of Prince Fu Cha who forced Zhongliang Wu Zixu to commit suicide. He understood Gou Jian's intention, regretted not listening to Fan Li's advice, and had to draw his sword and commit suicide.
Historical Records of the King of Yue Goujian's Family
5. Be furious
The crown of this idiom is a hat. Angry hair stood on end, wearing a hat. Metaphor is extremely angry.
This idiom comes from Historical Records. Biographies of Lian Po and Biographies of Lin Xiangru, in which Wang Ciyu and Lin Xiangru stood by the jade, leaning against the column and rushing to the crown in anger. ......
Zhao Haoqi Huiwen got a rare jade. This jade was discovered by Bentham of the State of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, so it is called Heshibi. Unexpectedly, this matter was known by Qin, and he wanted to take advantage of it and take Cui as his own. So he wrote to the king of Zhao for a pretence, expressing his willingness to exchange 15 city for this treasure.
The prince of Zhao was afraid that the king of Qin would cheat, didn't want to win the lottery, and was afraid of sending troops to attack. I discussed it with ministers for a long time, but there was no result. Besides, I can't find a messenger who can improvise and go to Qin to negotiate this matter. At this time, Lin Xiangru was recommended to the Prince of Zhao, saying that he was courageous and resourceful and could go to preach. Wang Zhao summoned him immediately, and first asked him if he could agree to the request of the King of Qin and exchange 15 cities with Choi. Lin Xiangru said, "Qin Guoqiang, we are weaker than Zhao, so we have to agree to this."
"The king of Qin got the jade, but refused to give it to me 15 city. What should I do? "
"The king of Qin has made a wish. If Zhao doesn't promise, it will be indefensible; And if Zhao gave the jade to the king of Qin, but he refused to pay for the city, it would be that the king of Qin was unreasonable. Comparing the two, I would rather agree to the request of Qin Wang and let him bear unreasonable responsibilities. "
In this way, Lin Xiangru took Cui to the State of Qin. When the king of Qin learned that he was coming, he didn't meet him at the court according to the formal etiquette, but he proudly summoned Lin Xiangru in three temporary houses. After he took the wall, he was very happy. He read it again and again and handed it to the minister and the concubines. Lin Xiangru was very angry to see the king of Qin so contemptuous. Now seeing that he was only passing on jade, he had no intention of sending it to the city at all, so he stepped forward and said, "This jade still has some minor defects. Please let me show it to the king. "
Lin Xiangru stepped back immediately after he got the wall and stood near the post. He was so angry that his hair stood on end and he put on a hat. He said emotionally: "After consulting with the ministers, Zhao Wang thought that Qin was insatiable and wanted to defraud He Shibi with empty words, so he did not intend to give him to Qin; On my advice, I fasted for five days before being sent here. When I arrived here today, the king didn't meet me in the court. After he got the jade, he gave it to his concubines and teased me face to face, so I took it back. If the king wants to bully me, I'd rather smash my head with the wall on the pillar! " In this case, the king of Qin had to apologize and promised to fast for five days. But Lin Xiangru expected that the king of Qin would not pay for the city, and privately asked someone to send the jade back to Zhao. When the king of Qin learned of this, he was helpless and had to send Lin Xiangru back to China according to the etiquette.
6. Hip humiliation
One day, Han Xin was walking on the road and met a punk. He picked up a dagger and said to Han Xin, "Aren't you Han Xin?" ? If you dare to kill me with a dagger, if you don't want to, climb between my legs at once. "Han Xin endure humiliation, climbed over the man's crotch. Later, Han Xin found Liu Bang, showed him a letter of recommendation from Sean, and finally became a general; And if Han Xin had killed the punk and wanted to kill him, Han Xin wouldn't have become a general, let alone helped Liu Bang attack Xiang Yu and unify the world.
Biographies of Historical Records and Huaiyin Hou
Calling a deer a horse-deliberate misinterpretation
From Historical Records of Qin Shihuang's Biography
Qin Ershi's prime minister, Zhao Gao, is ambitious, planning to usurp the throne all day long. However, he doesn't know how many people can be at his mercy and how many people are against him. So he thought of a way to test his prestige and find out who dared to oppose him.
One day, Zhao Gao brought a deer into the palace and said to Qin Ershi with a big smile, "Your Majesty, I will give you a good horse." Qin Ershi looked at it and thought: This is not a horse, this is obviously a deer! He smiled and said to Zhao Gao, "The Prime Minister has made a mistake. This is a deer. How can you say it's a horse? " Zhao Gao said quietly with a straight face, "Please see clearly, this is really a good horse." Qin Ershi looked at the deer again and said incredulously, "Why does a horse have horns on its head?" Seeing that the time had come, Zhao Gao turned around, pointed at the ministers and said loudly, "If your majesty doesn't believe me, you can ask the ministers."
Ministers were all at a loss by Zhao Gao's nonsense, and whispered privately: What is this Zhao Gao doing? It's obviously a deer or a horse! Ministers see Zhao Gao sinister smile on his face, eyes staring at you in turn, suddenly understand Zhao Gao's intention.
Some timid people with a sense of justice bow their heads and dare not speak, because telling lies is sorry for their conscience, and telling the truth is afraid of being hurt by Zhao Gao in the future. Some honest people insist that this is a deer rather than a horse. There are also some adulterers who usually follow Zhao Gao closely and immediately support Zhao Gao's statement and say to the emperor, "This is indeed a swift horse!"
Afterwards, Zhao Gao punished those honest ministers who did not obey him by various means, and even copied them.
Just talk on paper-be an armchair strategist
From Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
Zhao Huiwen is dead, and Prince Xiao is king. In the seventh year of filial piety (the first 259 years), Qin Jun confronted Zhao Jun in Changping. Zhao She was dead and Lin Xiangru was dying. Wang Zhao sent Lian Po to attack Qin Jun, and Qin Jun defeated Zhao several times. Zhao Jun stayed in the camp without fighting. Qin Jun has repeatedly challenged. Lian Po ignored. Wang Zhao listened to the rumors spread by Qin Jun spies. The present spy said, "What Qin Jun hates and hates most is that Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She, a horse servant, is a general." The prince of Zhao therefore took Zhao Kuo as the general, replacing Lian Po. Lin Xiangru said, "Your Majesty's appointment of Zhao Kuo is like gluing the tuning rod to death and then playing the harpsichord. Zhao Kuo only reads the books left by his father and doesn't know how to be flexible. " The prince of Zhao refused to listen and appointed Zhao Kuo as the general.
Zhao Kuo studied the art of war and talked about military affairs since he was a child, thinking that no one in the world can beat him. He once talked with his father Zhao She about fighting. Zhao didn't hit him, but he didn't say he was good either. Zhao Kuo's mother asked Zhao She why. Zhao She said: "Fighting a soldier is a matter of life and death, but he did it so easily. If Zhao doesn't use Zhao Kuo as a general, it is only if he must be a general, it must be that he has failed Zhao. " When Zhao Kuo was leaving, his mother wrote to the king of Zhao and said, "Zhao Kuo can't make him a general." Wang Zhao said, "Why?" He replied, "When I served his father, he was a general. Ten people were provided with food and drinks by him personally, and hundreds of them were regarded as friends by him. All the gifts given by the king and the royal family are distributed to military officials and their families. From the day he accepted the order, he stopped asking about family affairs. Now that Zhao Kuo has become a general, he will face the East and appear in court for trial. No officer dared to look up at him. All the gold and silk given by the king were taken home for collection. He also visits cheap and suitable fields and properties every day and buys whatever he can. How does the king treat him like his father? Father and son are connected. I hope the king will not send him to lead the troops. " Wang Zhao said, "Put it down and forget it. I have made up my mind. " Zhao Kuo's mother went on to say, "You must send him to lead the troops. If he is incompetent, can I not be implicated? " Wang Zhao agreed.
After Zhao Kuo changed Lian Po, the original rules and regulations were changed, and the original military attache was also changed. When General Qin heard these things, he sent out Indiana Jones, pretended to be defeated and fled, cut off Zhao's grain transportation road, divided Zhao into two halves, and Zhao's foot soldiers were centrifugal. After more than forty days, Zhao was hungry, so Zhao Kuo sent a good soldier to fight in person and shot Zhao Kuo. Zhao Kuo's army was defeated, hundreds of thousands of troops surrendered to Qin Jun, and Qin Jun buried them alive. Zhao * * * lost four hundred and fifty thousand people. The following year, Qin Jun surrounded Handan. For more than a year, Zhao has barely recovered. The siege of Handan was lifted only because of the rescue of Chu and Wei armies. The prince of Zhao was not implicated in Zhao Kuo because of his mother's pre-announcement.
Zhao Kuo's defeat ruined the lives of more than 400,000 soldiers, ruined the future of Zhao, and made him a laughing stock. His deeds became an idiom of "an armchair strategist". This metaphor is appropriate. It is worth mentioning that there was no paper in the Warring States period, so the word "on paper" should be invented by later generations. But Zhao Kuo is a typical example, so it is the allusion of this word.
Cut off all retreat
From Historical Records Biography of Xiang Yu
At the end of Qin dynasty, the general attacked Zhao. Zhao retreated to Julu (now southwest of Pingxiang, Hebei Province) and was surrounded by Qin Jun. He was appointed as a general and Xiang Yu as a lieutenant, leading an army to save Zhao. Yi Song led his troops to Anyang (now southeast of Cao County, Shandong Province) and held on for 46 consecutive days. Xiang Yu was deeply impressed by this, so he asked to enter a decisive battle to solve the difficulties of Zhao. However, Yi Song hoped that Qin and Zhao's troops would not attack until Qin Jun was exhausted after the war. However, at this time, the army was short of food and grass, and Yi Song was still drinking and taking care of himself. Xiang Yu could not bear to see this. He went into the camp and killed Yi Song, claiming that he was a traitor and opposed Chu. So the soldiers embraced Xiang Yu as the general. Xiang Yu killed Yi Song, which was a great shock to Chu. He was famous as a vassal. Later, he led the whole army across the Yellow River to rescue Zhao and solve the siege of the giant deer. After the whole army crossed the Yellow River, Xiang Yu ordered to sink all the ships, break the cooking pots and burn down his barracks, leaving only three days of dry food to show his death and had no intention of withdrawing troops. In this way, no way back's army reached the periphery of the stag, surrounded Qin Jun, and cut off Qin Jun's outreach channel. The soldiers of the Chu army took one as ten, and the battle was earth-shattering. After nine fierce battles, the Chu army finally defeated Qin Jun, and other governors who came to reinforce were too timid to approach. The bravery of Chu army greatly enhanced Xiang Yu's prestige. Even after the victory, when Xiang Yu met various governors in Yuanmen, all the governors dared not look at Xiang Yu. Later, "all the shipwrecks were destroyed" evolved into the idiom "cross the rubicon", which is a metaphor for a desperate battle with great determination.