In addition, for those who have already entered the Imperial Academy, a big examination system should be established to supervise and encourage them. The Hanlin Academy was founded in the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning, it was an institution for people with artistic ability. Since Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there have been two kinds of Hanlin, one is a bachelor's degree in Hanlin and the other is an academician's sacrifice.
The Hanlin bachelor is responsible for drafting the imperial edict, and the Hanlin sacrifice has almost no real power. After the late Tang Dynasty, the Imperial Academy evolved into an important institution specialized in drafting the secret imperial edict system, known as the "private emperor".
After the song dynasty, it became an official position and was in line with the imperial examination. After the Ming dynasty, it was replaced by the cabinet and became a place to train talents and store hope. It is responsible for compiling books and writing history, drafting letters, serving as a royal examiner for royal members, and so on. High status is a stepping stone to becoming an old official or even a local official.
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In the Qing Dynasty, 6472 people entered the Imperial Academy, forming a huge group of Imperial Academy, which had a great influence on the Qing society. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, China's feudal autocracy and imperial examination system were increasingly decadent and backward. With the spread of western learning to the east, there are also voices in Hanlin who advocate reforming the education system to save the country and strengthen the country. Zeng Guofan, Zhang Zhidong, Li Hongzhang and Shen Baozhen, the leading figures of the Westernization Movement, all came from the Hanlin.
After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the remaining Hanlin Group remained active in the political, military, diplomatic, cultural, educational and economic fields. During the Republic of China, Cai Yuanpei, chief education officer, Xu Shichang, minister of Beiyang, Zhang Jian, a national industrialist, Tan Yan, chairman of Wuhan National Government and calligrapher, Yan Huiqing, leader of Westernization School, and Pan Linghao, calligrapher, were all academicians of Hanlin.
The descendants of Hanlin in the late Qing Dynasty became writers and educators under the influence of their parents and grandparents. Examples are Fu Sinian, the descendant of Fu Yijian, the first scholar in Qing Dynasty and a famous educator; Lv Bicheng, the daughter of Hanlin Lv Fengqi and a pioneer in women's education; Zhang Peilun's granddaughter and famous writer Zhang Ailing; and Lu Xun (), Zhou Zuoren and Zhou Fuqing's grandson.
And later: Shang Chengzuo, the son of Shang, a great scholar of Chinese studies; Yu Pingbo, the great-grandson of the academic giant Yu Quyuan; Qu Tongzu, grandson of Qu Hong, a military minister; Zhao Puchu, a descendant of Zhao Kaiwen, a Buddhist scholar in Jiaqing; Qi Gong, master of Chinese studies, calligrapher; And, economist, the nephew of Pu Yi's teacher Chen.
Baidu encyclopedia-Hanlin academy