Category: Culture/Art >> Calligraphy, Painting and Art
Analysis:
Regular script is also called Zhengkai, Zhenshu and Zhengshu. It gradually evolved from the official script and became more simplified. The shape of the characters changed from flat to square. The strokes of the Han official script were simplified and the waves of the Han Dynasty were omitted, and they were horizontal and vertical. "Cihai" explains that it has a square shape and straight strokes, which can be used as a model. Hence the name regular script. It began in the late Han Dynasty and has been popular ever since. The emergence of regular script closely followed the rules and regulations of the Han Dynasty, and pursued the further development of physical beauty. At the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, Han writing gradually changed from waves and chops to apostrophes and strokes, and also had sides (points) and sweeps (lengths). The murals such as (skimming), peck (short skimming), and lifting (straight hook) are more structurally rigorous. Such as "Wuwei Medical Slips", "Juyan Han Slips", etc. The characteristic of regular script is that it is neat and orderly, so it is called regular script and has been used to this day. Regular script was popular in the Six Dynasties and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. From the emergence of strokes during the Qin and Han Dynasties to the formation of regular script in the Three Kingdoms, the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties were the booming periods for the development of regular script, represented by Wang Xizhi. The prosperity of calligraphy in the Northern Dynasties is a sign of the prosperity of regular script. Its simple and powerful artistic style. with southern beauty and elegance. Twin Peaks Confrontation. The heyday of regular script was during the prosperous Tang Dynasty, following the changes in regular script style during the Sui Dynasty. Each calligrapher shows his own personality. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Yan Zhenqing was innovative with his majestic style; in the late Tang Dynasty, Liu Gongquan was comparable to Yan Jin with his willow bones. All these three changes. Forming the grand appearance of Tang Kai. The Five Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties were the periods when regular script declined. Calligraphers are either individuals or groups. None of them could break through the existing pattern of Jin and Tang regular scripts. The aesthetic expression and lyricism of regular script are inferior to cursive script.
(2) Representative figures:
There are many masters of regular script, such as Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Ou, Yan, Liu, Zhao, etc.
A: Calligraphy Saint - Wang Xizhi
The most influential calligrapher in the history of calligraphy is undoubtedly Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher and writer of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The word Yi is less. Langya was born in Linyi and later moved to Shanyin in Kuaiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He is known as the sage of calligraphy. He is also good at poetry, but his literary talents are mostly hidden by the name of calligraphy and are not valued by the world. He once served as General Youjun, Internal History Officer of Kuaiji, etc., and was known as the King of Youjun in the world. He is known as the Sage of Calligraphy. Wang Xizhi's running script "Lanting Preface" is known as "the best running script in the world". Commentators say that the writing style is as floating as floating clouds and as powerful as a frightening dragon. Wang Xizhi's handed down ink can give you a deep understanding of these four words of excellence. His work is wonderful and never boring. Chinese calligraphy reached its highest personal peak in his writings. Subsequent generations only developed and improved it to varying degrees in certain aspects: whether it was meaning or method, rhyme or momentum. In theory, there is nothing better.
B: Ouyang Xun - Ou Ti
He was born in the first year of Yongding (557), Emperor Chenwu of the Southern Dynasty, and died in the 15th year of Zhenguan (641), the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. His courtesy name is Xinben. A native of Linxiang, Tanzhou (now Hunan). He is famous for his regular script and running script. He is the greatest regular calligrapher in the history of calligraphy. His font is called European style, which is on par with Yan (Zhenqing) style, Liu (Gongquan) style and Zhao (Mengfu) style.
C: Liu Gongquan - Liu Ti
He was born in the thirteenth year of Dali of Emperor Daizong of Tang Dynasty (778) and died in the sixth year of Xiantong of Yizong (865). The courtesy name is Chengxuan, a native of Huayuan, Jingzhao (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province). A famous regular calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty.
D: Yan Zhenqing--Yan Ti
Yan Zhenqing (709-785) was a calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty. The courtesy name is Qingchen, a native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an, Shaanxi), and his ancestral home is Langya Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong). Shushi is also called Yan Lugong. He is an upright person. An innovator of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty, he set a banner for calligraphy in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Yan Zhenqing studied calligraphy since childhood and was taught by Zhang Xu himself. He also learned from Cai Yong, Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Chu Suiliang and others, integrating and developing them to form a unique style. His regular script has a square and dense structure, light horizontal strokes and heavy vertical strokes, strong and round strokes, and a solemn and vigorous momentum, which is called Yan Ti. His cursive handwriting is full of conciseness and simplicity.
E: Zhao Mengfu--Zhao Ti
Zhao Mengfu (1254-1322), courtesy name Ziang, also known as Xuesong Taoist, also known as Crystal Palace Taoist, was born in Huzhou (Wuxing, Zhejiang) . When he reached the Imperial Academy, he accepted the imperial edict and was awarded the title of Doctor. He was granted the title of Duke of Wei and was given the posthumous title of Wenmin. He is the author of "Songxue Zhaiji". Zhao Mengfu was an influential calligrapher in the early Yuan Dynasty. According to the original "History of the Yuan Dynasty", Meng Fu's seals, seals, and official scripts are all outstanding in ancient and modern times, so he became famous all over the world for his book. High praise.
According to Song Lian of the Ming Dynasty, Zhao learned calligraphy from the Eight Methods of Miaowu in his early years, paying attention to the quaint calligraphy of Siling (i.e. Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty), studied Zhong Yao and Xixian in his middle age, and studied Li Beihai in his later years. In addition, he also touched the Dingding Monument of the Yuan and Wei dynasties as well as Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and others of the Tang Dynasty, and gathered the great achievements of the previous generations. As Wen Jia said: Wei Gong imitated all the calligraphy masters of the ancients. Therefore, Zhao's success in calligraphy is inseparable from his ability to absorb the strengths of others.