1. Gu Kaizhi (345-406), whose courtesy name was Changkang, was born in Wuxi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was a descendant of Gu Yong, the prime minister of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. His father, Gu Yuezhi, once served as the county magistrate of Wuxi, Biejia of Yangzhou, and his official position was Shangshu Youcheng. Under the education of his father, Kaizhi became erudite and talented. He joined the army for Huan Wen and Yin Zhongkan, and had a relationship with Huan Xuan, the son of Huan Wen. In the first year of Yuanxing, Huanxuan raised troops to attack the capital Jiankang, and Jin established itself in the following year. Gu Kaizhi was deeply dissatisfied with Huan Xuan, so he often pretended to be stupid to avoid him. In the third year of Yuanxing, Huan Xuan was killed, but Gu Kaizhi was not implicated. At the beginning of Yixi period, he was awarded the post of regular attendant of Tongzhi Sanqi. It is said that he has three unique qualities: talent, painting, and insanity. He was known as General Hutou, so he was also called Gu Hutou. Due to his outstanding achievements in painting, the Chinese painting circle respects him as the ancestor and saint of painting.
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3. Zhu Da: (1626-about 1705) an outstanding painter in the Qing Dynasty. The word Xuege is also called Geshan, Daolang, Geshanlu, Langyue, An, Chuanxi, Poyun Woodcutter, Renwu, Donkeywu, Yinshiseng, Badashanren, etc. His original name was Tong, a native of Nanchang, Jiangxi. After the Emperor Jiashen of the Ming Dynasty, he ended his early life as a nobleman. In order to avoid disaster, he kept his name anonymous and devoted his sorrow, anger and desolation to calligraphy and painting. In the fifth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1648 AD), he became a monk. He is good at painting flowers, birds, bamboo and wood. He excels through simplicity and originality. The calligraphy is simple and has the style of Jin and Tang Dynasties. Freehand flower and bird painting was born out of Ming Linliang, Xu Wei and others. The brushwork is concise, implicit, colorful, lively and unique. Most of the landscapes painted are barren mountains and strange rocks, which express the state of "the remaining mountains and water, the cold earth and the desolate sky". When painting flowers, bananas, dry lotus and ancient pine are mostly depicted; when painting birds, many are nameless birds, and when painting fish, many are nameless fish, most of which have grotesque images, strange expressions and cold and compelling expressions. It shows the author's arrogance, indifference and hatred of reality. His calligraphy is also able to learn from all kinds of beauty, and is unique in its style. It has the beauty of dots and strokes and the spirit of force. Many of his works have been handed down to this day. Representative works include: "Flowers on the River", "Wine Moon Picture", "Fish and Bird", "Panasonic Songbird Picture", "Lotus Waterbird Picture", "Landscape Picture", etc. He once edited "Qingyun Pu Zhi" and made a postscript.
4. Shi Tao. Chinese Qing Dynasty painter. Monk. His surname is Zhu, and his given name is Ruoji. He is the tenth grandson of Zanyi, King of Jingjiang of the Ming Dynasty, and a native of Quanzhou, Guangxi. There are various accounts of his birth years in the ninth, fourteenth, and fifteenth years of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1636, 1641, and 1642). 1718) Zhu said. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, he became a monk. His Buddhist name was Yuanji, and his courtesy name was Shitao. His nicknames include Dadizi, Old Man Qingxiang, Monk Bitter Melon, Venerable Blind, etc. He once worshiped the famous monk Lv'an as his teacher this month. He likes to roam and has visited Jingting Mountain many times. Huangshan, Nanjing, Yangzhou and other places, and lived in Yangzhou in his later years. He not only suffered from the loss of his country and his family, but also knelt down twice to greet Emperor Kangxi. He also had many contacts with the upper echelons of the Qing Dynasty, and was full of contradictions in his heart.
5. Xu Wei (1521-1593 Ming Dynasty) was originally named Wenqing, but changed his name to Wenchang. His nicknames were Tianchi Shanren and Qingteng Taoren. He was a native of Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He was an outstanding literary artist in the Ming Dynasty of my country and was listed as one of the top ten famous painters in ancient China. Xu Wei was versatile and had profound attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry, drama and other fields. He was unique and left a profound impact on his current and future generations. But such a genius was extremely unsuccessful. His life was full of ups and downs, dangers and pains, and he eventually died in poverty.
6. Chen Laolian (1598-1652), named Hongshou, courtesy name Zhanghou, later nicknamed Huichi, was born in Zhuji, Zhejiang. A famous painter in the late Ming Dynasty, he was famous for painting figures, but also painted landscapes, flowers and birds.
7. Wu Changshuo was a famous painter, calligrapher and seal carver in the late Qing Dynasty. He was a representative of the "Houhai School". Wu Changshuo's art is more valuable than creation. He used calligraphy to paint, and he found a unique way in art. Qi Baishi once wrote in a poem: "I want Jiuyuan to be a running dog, and the three families (referring to Xu Wei, Zhu Da and Wu Changshuo) will turn around." Wu Changshuo's original name is Jun, whose courtesy name is Jun. Changshuo, also known as Foulu and Kutie, was born in Anji, Zhejiang Province. He became famous after the age of 70. He was born in the 24th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1844) and died in the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927).
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