The leading characters of Qixia Mountain in Nanjing 1 Tianlu and Kirin are only used for tombs, and evil spirits are dedicated to the tombs of princes.
Tianlu and Qilin, located in front of Yongning Mausoleum in Shizichong, Qixia District, Chen Qian City, Chen Wendi, are masterpieces of stone beasts in the Mausoleum.
The two stand opposite each other, with rich and flexible shapes and meticulous carving techniques, which are divorced from the simple style of the Han Dynasty and give people a tall and plump impression.
Wang Xiaohong Tomb of Liang Linchuan, located in Zhangjiaku Village, Xianhemen, has become a masterpiece of stone exorcism in front of the Prince's tomb with its bold and concise exorcism techniques, skillful carving techniques and harmonious modeling of whole and part.
Shinto stone pillar, also known as Huabiao, is the best preserved inscription on the tomb of Hou Xiaozhan Wu in October Village, Qixia.
During the Southern Dynasties, there were few monuments, and thousands of monuments were destroyed and scattered, and rarely circulated, but this monument stood tall and lonely.
This stone tablet is 5 meters high. 16m, which is divided into three parts: the head, the body and the tortoise.
It is a rare calligraphy art treasure with more than 2840 words engraved on the regular script of the famous calligrapher Bei Yiyuan at that time.
The stone carvings of tombs in the Southern Dynasties inherited from the Qin and Han Dynasties and started from the Sui and Tang Dynasties, but they are comparable to the caves in the Northern Dynasties at the same time, and occupy an extremely important position in the history of stone carving art in China.
It is not only a masterpiece of ancient stone carving art in China, but also a treasure in the world art treasure house. 1988 is listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Tianlu Qilin sculpture
The most exquisite stone carving is Chen Wendi Yongning Mausoleum, located in Shizichong, Qixia Town.
Tianlu, also known as "Tianlu", also known as "provocation" and "gesture", is a mythical beast in ancient legends, which is related to "destiny" and "position".
Kirin is a legendary "benevolent beast", and its appearance is often attached to the birth of a saint, which is a symbol of peace and prosperity. Yongning Mausoleum has a stone, a tianlu and a unicorn. It stands upright with its head held high and flies in the air, full of movement, which is very impressive and rich.
I'm afraid that only Qixia Mountain in Nanjing discovered "East Flying Outside" in the guide words of 20xx, and the major media even seized this hot spot and made a lot of reports. The academic circles also launched a heated discussion, which made "East Dunhuang" and "East Flying" famous at home and abroad, and many people came here.
"East Flying Sky" is located in Zhong 102.
This cave niche is very small, * * * has five Buddha statues. The two groups of flying at the top of the cave are orange with clear lines, and the flames above the heads of the middle Buddha statues are faintly visible.
Although there are only two pairs flying in the sky, they are the easternmost "Dunhuang remains" discovered by China.
Recently, it was reported that flying reliefs were found on the stupa next to the Thousand Buddha Rock, and their techniques and lines were similar to those of Dunhuang. According to relevant reports, this discovery further enriches the cultural connotation of "East Dunhuang".
The stupa was built in the first year of Sui Renshou (60 1). It was originally a wooden tower, but it was later destroyed in Huichang, Tang Wuzong.
The existing tower was built by Nan Tang and Lin.
Not far to the east from the mountain road outside the south wall of qixia temple, you can see the stupa, which is made of white stone, with five floors and eight sides and a height of about18m.
The outer wall of the tower is engraved with relief, and its image and posture are vivid and vivid.
The story of Sakyamuni's becoming a monk and practicing monasticism is engraved on the tower base, which is followed by gestation, birth, travel, asceticism, meditation, speaking, demonization and nirvana.
The tower is a five-level stone tower with eight dense eaves and a height of 18. 04 meters.
The eight-phase diagram of Sakyamuni and the patterns of sea pomegranate, fish, dragon, phoenix and flower are embossed on the tower base; The tower is engraved with the statue of the Heavenly King, the statue of Pu Xian riding and the statue of Manjusri Bodhisattva, and the title of "Craftsman Xu" is also engraved on the statue.
There are statues of Feitian, Lotte and benefactor carved under the eaves of the tower.
Above the second floor, there are two arched niches carved on both sides, both of which are carved with a sitting Buddha, and 64 statues are finely carved and very vivid.
The whole tower is elegant and beautiful in shape, exquisitely carved and luxuriantly decorated. It is a masterpiece of Buddhist art in the south of the Yangtze River and occupies an important position in the history of ancient architecture in China.
1988 stupa is listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.
There are also some natural wonders in Qixia Mountain, which are very interesting.
For example, in the northeast of qixia temple, there is a celadon rock on the south slope of Pingshantou, which has a wavy surface and is called "overlapping wave rock", which is very rare.
In addition, there are natural wonders such as "Green Wind Sword", "Tiankaiyan" and "First Sky".
The stone carvings in the Southern Dynasties are the artistic treasures of the charm of Nanjing, the ancient capital of the Southern Dynasties. There are 32 * * * places in Jiangsu Province, including 19 places in Nanjing, which are distributed in Jiangning and Qixia. Its earliest age began in the Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, about 1500 years ago. Mausoleum 19 Stone Carvings, Mausoleum *.
Most of these tombs face south, and the stone carvings are about 1000 meters away from the tombs. Generally speaking, they include town tombs, Shinto pillars and tombstones.
There are three kinds of beasts in the tomb of the town: the double-horned Tianlu, the unicorn with one horn and the unicorn with evil spirits, which are basically similar in shape. They are all tall, with their heads held high, their mouths open, their teeth bared, their eyes full of fierce light, wings carved on both sides of their bellies, their feet staggered back and forth, and their expressions fierce and solemn.
Qixia Mountain in Nanjing is located 22 kilometers northeast of Nanjing, also known as Sheshan Mountain. In the Southern Dynasties, Qixia Jingshe was built on the mountain, hence the name.
Qixia Mountain has three peaks, the main peak Sanmao Peak is 286 meters above sea level, also known as Fengxiang Peak. A mountain in the northeast, shaped like Wolong, is called Longshan; There is a mountain in the northwest, which looks like a tiger and is called Tiger Mountain.
There are many places of interest in Qixia Mountain. Her late autumn red leaves, especially the "Dongfeitian" grottoes discovered in 2000, have become famous tourist attractions at home and abroad.
Qixia Mountain is not as high as Zhongshan Mountain, but it is quiet and quiet, with beautiful scenery and places of interest all over the peaks, and is known as "the first Xiushan in Jinling".
Especially in Qixia in late autumn, the maple forest is like fire, and it is like a beautiful picture scroll, which is known as "the first cow in spring and Qixia in autumn".
Qixia Mountain is famous in the south of the Yangtze River, because there is not only a qixia temple, but also thousands of Buddha rocks carved in the Southern Dynasties and famous pagodas in the Sui Dynasty. Because of its deep forest, clear spring and breathtaking scenery, it is also known as "the first beautiful mountain in Jinling", and the folks are known as "there is a bull's head in spring and Qixia in autumn".
Shanxi is called Fengling, and there are lots of maple trees and Qixia in late autumn. The red leaves are like fire, spectacular and the scenery is very charming.
The first scene of Qixia Mountain Scenic Area is Mingjing Lake. A monument to rainbow mirror stands by the lake. Located in the west of qixia temple Gate, with an area of about 3,000 square meters. It was built during the reign of Qing Qianlong. There is a pavilion in the lake, and a zigzag bridge is connected with the shore. Its shape is exquisite. There is a crescent pond in the east, reaching the gate of qixia temple.
Qixia temple is located at the foot of Qixia Mountain.
In the first year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (483), the hermit named Shaoshe Building as a temple, which became the birthplace of the three major schools of Buddhism in the south of the Yangtze River.
Qixia temple is the largest Buddhist temple in Nanjing. Its main buildings include the Mountain Gate, the Heavenly King Hall, the Pilu Hall, the Tibetan Scripture Building and the Jian Zhen Memorial Hall.
Qixia temple is located at the foot of Qixia Mountain.
In the first year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (483), the hermit named Shaoshe Building as a temple, which became the birthplace of the three major schools of Buddhism in the south of the Yangtze River.
), known as Gongde Temple in the Tang Dynasty, has more than 40 temples, which are very large in scale. Together with Lingyan Temple in Changqing, Shandong Province, yuquan temple in Jingshan, Hubei Province and Tiantai National Temple in Zhejiang Province, it is also called the four largest jungles in the world.
It was destroyed by fire during the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty.
Rebuilt in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), the main buildings now include Shanmen, Tianwang Hall, Pilu Hall, Shecui Building and Tibetan Scripture Building, making it the largest temple in Nanjing.
Thousand Buddha Rock is at the southwest foot of Fengxiang Peak.
The famous "East Flying Sky" is located in the middle 102 Buddhist shrine.
In the seventh year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (489), the son of Shao, a monk of the Ming Dynasty, cooperated with Zen master to carve three icons in memory of Shao, a monk of the Ming Dynasty.
In the sixth year of Liang Datong (540), the Buddha's light appeared on the shrines of three icons, which alarmed the nobles of Qi Liang, so they came to carve stone statues one after another, and gradually carved them from the second year of Qi Yongming in the Southern Dynasty to the tenth year of Tian Liang (484-5 1 1).
It is also said that monk Shao, the founder of qixia temple, dreamed that there was Tathagata light on the western rock wall, so he decided to carve Buddha statues here.
After his death, in the second year of Southern Qi Yongming (484), his son and Du Zhi, a Buddhist monk, began to carve Buddhist niches on the Western Wall, and carved three Buddha statues, collectively known as the "Three Saints of the West", and the temples were also called the "Three Temples".
All Buddha statues are either five or six in one niche or seven or eight in one room.
At the beginning, there were 5 15 Buddha statues carved in 294 niches, which looked like pigeon houses and were called the Thousand Buddha Cliffs.
Later, during the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Shamao Peak was discovered one after another, including 700 statues in the Southern Dynasties.
The Buddha statue is several feet high, and the small one is only full of feet.
Among them, the "Giant Buddha Pavilion" is the earliest and largest grotto, which was excavated in the seventh year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (AD 489), and the statue of the Buddha with infinite longevity in the middle is as high as 12 meters.
Qixia Mountain in Nanjing is located 22 kilometers northeast of Nanjing, also known as Sheshan Mountain. In the Southern Dynasties, Qixia Jingshe was built on the mountain, hence the name. Qixia Mountain is not as high as Zhongshan Mountain, but it is quiet and quiet, with beautiful scenery and places of interest all over the peaks, and is known as "the first Xiushan in Jinling". Especially in Qixia in late autumn, the maple forest is like fire, and it is like a beautiful picture scroll, which is known as "the first cow in spring and Qixia in autumn". Qixia Mountain, a scenic spot, is famous in the south of the Yangtze River, because there are not only qixia temple, but also thousands of Buddha rocks carved in the Southern Dynasties and stupas in the Sui Dynasty. Because of its deep forest, clear spring and breathtaking scenery, it is also known as "the first beautiful mountain in Jinling" and "the head of spring cattle and Qixia in autumn" among the people.
There is Fengling in Shanxi, where there are patches of maple trees, and Qixia in late autumn, with red leaves like fire, symbolizes the prosperity of the whole family, which is spectacular and the scenery is very charming. The first scene of Qixia Mountain Scenic Area is Mingjing Lake. A monument to rainbow mirror stands by the lake. Located in the west of qixia temple Gate, with an area of about 3,000 square meters. It was built during the reign of Qing Qianlong. There is a pavilion in the lake, and a zigzag bridge is connected with the shore. Its shape is exquisite. There is a crescent pond in the east, reaching the gate of qixia temple. There are also some natural wonders in Qixia Mountain, which are very interesting. For example, in the northeast of qixia temple, there is a celadon rock on the south slope of Pingshantou, which has a wavy surface and is called "overlapping wave rock", which is very rare. In addition, there are natural wonders such as "Green Wind Sword", "Tiankaiyan" and "First Sky".
Li Yushun, one of the eight beauties in Qinhuai, came to Qixia Mountain alone in the late spring of the twelfth year (1655) and became a monk in a silent Taoist temple. Qixia Feng Dan is a must in Jinling, and it is one of the "48 scenic spots in Jinling" in ancient times. Qixia Mountain is lush, with deep forests and quiet valleys. Ten kinds of red-leaf tree species, such as Liquidambar formosana, Acer truncatum, feather Ye Feng, Acer truncatum and Pistacia chinensis, are planted everywhere. Every late autumn, maple leaves are like Dan, layers of forests are dyed like a pile of brocade, and they are like fire and blood. It has always been called "Autumn Qixia". In late autumn, maple red is like fire, and the forest is dyed. There is a folk custom of "bull's head in spring and Qixia in autumn". Qixia Mountain in Nanjing, Xiangshan Mountain in Beijing, Yuelu Mountain in Hunan and Tianping Mountain in Suzhou are also called the four famous scenic spots in China. The best travel time is Qixia Mountain, which belongs to the transitional climate from temperate zone to subtropical zone, with an average temperature of 13 ~ 16℃, which is suitable for spring and autumn tourism. Looking at maple leaves in autumn, Qixia Mountain is one of the four scenic spots in China.
Nanjing Qixia Mountain Tour Guide 5 Ladies and gentlemen,
Hello, everyone. I am your tour guide XXX, and today I will show you around Qixia Mountain.
"Jinling is famous for its blue three, the bull's head is famous for its mountains, and Hongji is famous for its water, which is also as beautiful as Qixia". Qixia Mountain, called Sheshan in ancient times, is named because it is rich in Chinese herbal medicines and can nourish and recuperate the body. Qixia Mountain is located in the northeast suburb of Nanjing,18km away. There are three peaks in this mountain, and the peak in the middle is the highest. It is called Sanmao Palace, also known as Fengxiang Peak and the highest peak. , 286 meters above sea level. Dongfeng stretches eastward like Wolong, named Longshan; Xifeng stands on the bank of the river, like a tiger, named Hushan. Qixia Mountain is shaped like an umbrella, so it was called Umbrella Mountain in ancient times. As for the origin of the name Qixia, there are at least two explanations: one is that the mountain is named after the temple, and the other is that the mountain is full of red leaves. Every time in late autumn, such as the setting sun, it is spectacular. Qixia Mountain is now one of the five scenic spots for enjoying red leaves in China.
The ancients said, "You can visit Qixia, but you can't travel all over the world". It can be seen that Qixia Mountain has unique charm. First of all, Qixia Mountain has both mountains and rivers. It was praised by Emperor Qianlong as "the first splendid mountain in Jinling" and has been a strategic place since ancient times. Secondly, Qixia Mountain, with its profound cultural connotation, is called by experts to condense half of Jinling's cultural history and is an important representative and witness of Nanjing's Six Dynasties culture. Thirdly, Qixia Mountain (called Sheshan in ancient times) is famous for its rich Chinese herbal medicines, and it is unique in the treasure house of Chinese herbal medicines. Celebrities such as Ge Xuan, Ge Hong and Li Shizhen have visited Qixia Mountain many times. Fourthly, for geologists and geographers at home and abroad, Qixia Mountain is rich in geological victories. Qixia Mountain is a "model" of the southern geological situation in the eastern half of China. Now the international geological community has dubbed some stratum names "Qixia". In addition, Qixia Mountain is rich in gold, silver, manganese, zinc and other minerals. Fifth, as far as the natural landscape is concerned, the unique rocks, two streams and four springs, together with peach blossoms in spring and red leaves in autumn, are indeed a fascinating scenic spot.
The tour guide words of Qixia Mountain in Nanjing 6 "rainbow mirror" and Yueyatang
After Huma Hall, you can see a small Mingjing Lake, which really looks like transparent glass embedded in a green carpet. When the lake is full of flowers, you can see the ancient maple trees in front of the temple and the hills on both sides reflected in the water, and the ripples suddenly rise and the water waves ripple. The ancient mountain temples are reflected on the screen, and the scenery is better than that on the shore by more than three points. The so-called "rainbow mirror" is a scene of Qixia.
drum tower
A few steps in front of Mingjing Lake, you can see the Bell and Drum Tower. Qixia Drum Tower is completely symmetrical with the bell tower along the central axis of the main building of the ancient temple, while the building structure, size, material, color and shape are consistent with the bell tower, forming a perfect pattern with a Millennium bell in the south and a Taiping drum in the north. The sound of the bell tower adds to the solemnity of the ancient temple, which is the unique reason for the prosperity of peace and prosperity. The drum waist diameter is 2.5m, the drum surface diameter is 2. 1 m, the thickness is1.8m, and the weight is about 400kg.
bell tower
The bell tower of Qixia Mountain was built in1999+February, and the word "bell tower" was written by the famous calligrapher Lin Sanzhi. Downstairs belongs to the Tibetan king bodhisattva. In Buddhism, he is regarded as a god in hell. When the bell rings, he can release the evil soul. The total weight of the Millennium clock upstairs is 9.6 tons. Every year when the New Year comes, people will ring bells here to pray for peace and happiness in the coming year.
Statue of silent mage
Behind the bell tower stands a statue of a lonely mage who became a monk in Shousheng Temple in his twilight years. 192 1 year, he came to Qixia to serve the master of hair cutting, Zhen Chan, who took good care of everything. Shun was deeply moved, so he asked the master to be the army supervisor.
1937, Nanjing fell, the Japanese army burned and looted, atrocities raged, and the lonely mage stayed in Qixia. With the advice and help of two masters, Big Ben and Zhikai, with great sympathy, he set up a Buddhist refugee shelter in the temple, which lasted for four months, rescued more than 23,000 refugees and protected the safety of anti-Japanese generals. In order to help the refugees, they tried to borrow money and raise funds everywhere. 1in the autumn of 939, I was exhausted due to overwork and died young.
In his life, the mage has always been a model of Buddhism, loving his country, protecting religion and saving the world and people.
Bailianchi
A few steps in front of the Bell and Drum Tower is the White Lotus Pond, which is half-moon-shaped, hence the name Crescent Pond, which is used to release tourists or Buddhist believers. Commonly known as the release pond, it is quite artistic to carve waterfowl flowers along the white marble railing of the pond. There are still allusions to the origin of the release pool. Here, starting from Yan Zhenqing, Buddhism reached its peak in China during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Xiao Yan in Liang Wudi is a famous Buddhist emperor in history and an emperor who ruled the country by Buddhism. When he was in office, he advocated Buddhism very much and advocated that all monks and people in the world should be vegetarians. However, he borrowed the authority of the emperor, made his own "broken wine and meat" and forced it to be practiced in temples all over the country, thus forming the vegetarian system of Buddhism in China. The setting of the release pool is also at this time. Vegetarianism and release are closely related.
Monument materials 2 million years ago-Ming Zheng Jun Monument
On the left side of Shanmen Square in qixia temple is the monument of Qixia Yibao Mingzhengjun, which was erected by Emperor Taizong Li Zhi on April 25th last year (AD 676) to commemorate Mingzhengjun's donation of his mansion to qixia temple. Up to now, it has been 1300 years, and it has been listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. The inscription was written by (Li Zhi), a famous calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty. The brushwork is elegant, delicate and firm, which shows the style characteristics at that time. Except for the inscription of "Zhengming County Monument" (four words written by Wang Zhijing), they are all running scripts, with * * * 2376 words. Now there are 2363 words left, only 13 words, and the handwriting is clear and legible. There have always been two versions of its font. First, his brushwork is vigorous and powerful; Secondly, the font is not vigorous and chic, but rather weak. If the word is as its name implies, isn't it a reflection of Li Zhi itself? Otherwise, how could his regime fall into the hands of Wu Zetian? This monument is also the best preserved Tang Dynasty monument in Nanjing, and it is an extremely rare treasure among the existing Tang Dynasty monuments in China.
Monks in qixia temple all call this stone tablet "Plum Blossom Stone". According to the research of paleontologists, this monument belongs to the "sea lily stem limestone" of sedimentary rocks. Plum blossoms are fossils of animals such as stems of sea lilies. There are about 22,000 sea lily fossils on the front of the monument, which has been more than 205 million years. Such a large specimen and so many visible animal fossils are rare in China and even in the world. Therefore, the Zheng Jun Monument in Qixia Mountain is not only a treasure of cultural relics and historic sites, but also a treasure of fossil specimens collected by geological circles.
The guide word of Qixia Mountain in Nanjing is 7: "Jinling is famous for its blue three, Niutou is famous for its mountain, Hongji is famous for its water, and its scenery is as beautiful as Qixia". Qixia Mountain, called Sheshan in ancient times, is named because it is rich in Chinese herbal medicines and can nourish and recuperate the body. Qixia Mountain is located in the northeast suburb of Nanjing,18km away. There are three peaks in this mountain, and the peak in the middle is the highest. It is called Sanmao Palace, also known as Fengxiang Peak and the highest peak. , 286 meters above sea level. Dongfeng stretches eastward like Wolong, named Longshan; Xifeng stands on the bank of the river, like a tiger, named Hushan. Qixia Mountain is shaped like an umbrella, so it was called Umbrella Mountain in ancient times. As for the origin of the name Qixia, there are at least two explanations: one is that the mountain is named after the temple, and the other is that the mountain is full of red leaves. Every time in late autumn, such as the setting sun, it is spectacular. Qixia Mountain is now one of the five scenic spots for enjoying red leaves in China.
The ancients said, "You can visit Qixia, but you can't travel all over the world". It can be seen that Qixia Mountain has unique charm. First of all, Qixia Mountain is the victory of mountains and rivers. It was praised by Emperor Qianlong as "the first splendid mountain in Jinling" and has been a strategic place since ancient times. Secondly, Qixia Mountain, with its profound cultural connotation, is called by experts to condense half of Jinling's cultural history and is an important representative and witness of Nanjing's Six Dynasties culture. Thirdly, Qixia Mountain (called Sheshan in ancient times) is famous for its rich Chinese herbal medicines, and it is unique in the treasure house of Chinese herbal medicines. Celebrities such as Ge Xuan, Ge Hong and Li Shizhen have visited Qixia Mountain many times. Fourthly, for geologists and geographers at home and abroad, Qixia Mountain is rich in geological victories. Qixia Mountain is a "model" of the southern geological situation in the eastern half of China. Now the international geological community has dubbed some stratum names "Qixia". In addition, Qixia Mountain is rich in gold, silver, manganese, zinc and other minerals. Fifth, as far as the natural landscape is concerned, the unique rocks, two streams and four springs, together with peach blossoms in spring and red leaves in autumn, are indeed a fascinating scenic spot.
Emperor Qianlong and Qixia Mountain
Emperor Qianlong visited Qixia Mountain six times. Except for the first time, he stayed in Qixia Mountain for forty-five days before and after he entered the palace. There are 20 poems 120 describing the scenic spots in Qixia Mountain, 44 inscriptions and one Buddhist ode 1. Ten scenic spots in Qixia, Palace, rainbow mirror, Zifengge, Lingfengchi and Wan Wan are his favorites. When Emperor Qianlong came to Qixia Mountain for the first time, he wrote a poem "Visit Qixia Mountain" and praised the beautiful scenery of Qixia Mountain. "The first place in Jinling is Xiushan. It is unprecedented to meet you for the first time. I drew a picture of the Purple Phoenix Pavilion in Yun 'an, with mother Douchun in Bailu Spring and Brahma in Sui Dynasty. The net reason is that I left my home in Qi Xian. Whoever carves the wall is afraid of the plain. "
Henghasi
Huma Hall is located at the main entrance of the scenic spot and was completed on September 10, 2006. Generally, temples have three gates, also called "mountain gates", which symbolize the entrance of free life and pain. There are generally two statues of King Kong on both sides of the temple, which are powerful and fierce, bared their teeth and opened their eyes, that is, the "two generals." Their usual names are Zheng Lun and Chen Qi. Zheng Lun is the general in charge of grain in Shang Zhouwang. As long as you hum with your nose, you can be dumbfounded, hence the name "General Hum". Chen Qiyuan was also the grain supervisor of Shang Dynasty. As soon as he opened his mouth, he exhaled yellow gas, and the sniffer died on the spot. One hums and breathes, and each shows great power, so it is called two generals.