"Red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple, whoever holds the color and practices dancing in the air" means - there is a seven-color rainbow hanging in the sky, as if someone is dancing with colorful silk.
Source of the work
It comes from Mao Zedong's "Bodhisattva Barbarian Dabai Di", created in the summer of 1933. Dabaidi is 30 kilometers north of Ruijin County, Jiangxi Province. In January 1929, Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the Red Army to set off from Jinggangshan. On February 10, they fought a battle in Dabaidi (Battle of Dabaidi) with the pursuing Kuomintang troops and won a complete victory. In the summer of 1933, Mao Zedong passed through Dabaidi again, was moved by the scene, and wrote this poem.
This poem uses a cheerful tone to describe a magnificent scene after the rain in the colorful Dabai Land. The whole poem blends scenes and scenes, expressing the author's revolutionary pride and expressing revolutionaries' views on war and beauty. It was first published in the January issue of "Poetry Magazine" in 1957, and later included in "Chairman Mao's Poems" published by People's Literature Publishing House in 1963 and "Selected Poems of Mao Zedong" published in 1986.
Original text of the work
"Bodhisattva Barbarian Dabai Land"
Mao Zedong, Summer of 1933
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue Purple,
Who is practicing dancing in the air with a colorful hand?
The sun sets again after the rain,
Guanshan is green.
There was a fierce battle at that time,
The village wall in front of the bullet hole.
Decorating this mountain,
it looks better today.
Notes on the work
Dabaidi: the name of the township, located in the north of Ruijin City, Jiangxi Province, 30 kilometers away from the urban area, known as the "North Gate of Ruijin", with National Highway 319 running across the north and south. , adjacent to Ningdu County and Shicheng County, is where Mao Zedong and other revolutionaries once lived and fought.
Red, orange, yellow, green, indigo and violet: the seven colors of the rainbow.
Cai Lian: Colorful silk belt, Yu Hong.
In the sky: in the center of the sky directly in front.
Guanshan: generally refers to the nearby mountains.
Array: Each column of battle formation. Zhao Shi of the Song Dynasty's poem "He Yun Predecessors Begin to Come Out of the Lock": "The Huaimu forest is peeling off, and the frost is flying in formation." It means that the wild geese are flying in formation; this word means that the mountains are like layers of military formations. The Shinto stele of Sun Jian, the general of the Pixin Tuozhu Kingdom in the Northern Zhou Dynasty: "The wind and clouds are accumulating, and the mountain array is constantly overcast."
Cang: blue-black.
Fierce (áo) battle: a hard fight.
Urgent: intense.
Bullet hole: bullet hole. If "hole" is regarded as a verb and interpreted as "pierce through", it also makes sense.
Qiancun: The village in front refers to Zaoxingkeng, a small village near the battlefield.
Decoration: decorative embellishment. Song Huayue's poem "Watching the Tower at Night": "Decorate the country and return to the painting."
Today: Today.
Look: Read the plain tone here.
Translation of the work
Translation 1:
There are red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple in the sky,
And who is holding this rainbow? Empty dance?
After the evening rain, the sun sets again,
The stretching mountains are gradually becoming green.
I remember the fierce fighting here,
The bullet holes from the past are still left on the wall of the village.
Let it embellish the country in front of you,
Now it looks more vivid.
Translation 2:
A seven-color rainbow hangs in the sky,
It looks like someone is dancing with colorful silk.
After the shower, the sun of hope rose again,
The green mountains disappeared and appeared again.
There was a very fierce battle here,
The bullet penetrated the wall of the village in front.
The numerous bullet marks left on the walls of the former village
make the scenery here even more beautiful.
Creative background
In 1929, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Chen Yi and others led the main force of the Red Army, more than 3,600 people, to leave Jinggangshan in the early spring of that year and attack southern Jiangxi.
Due to the heavy enemy pursuit and the fact that they were in an unfamiliar place, the Fourth Red Army lost all five battles along the way. On New Year's Eve of this year's lunar calendar, as soon as the Fourth Red Army arrived in Ruijin, the Kuomintang's Jiangxi Army followed. Seeing that the enemy was weak, Mao Zedong decided to face the enemy again. The fighter plane has arrived and good luck is about to come. The Red Army calmly mobilized its troops and set up pocket formations in Mazi'ao, Dabaidi, about 30 kilometers north of Ruijin. The fierce battle lasted from 3 pm on the second day to noon the next day, and finally defeated the enemy and achieved the first major victory since this transition. And the place of victory is the great cypress land.
In the summer of 1933, Mao Zedong was in Dabaidi again. This time he was not in a good mood, because after the Ningdu meeting of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area Central Bureau in October 1932, Mao Zedong accepted Wang Ming's " Rejected by the "Left" adventurist line, he was removed from the post of General Political Commissar of the Red Army and was transferred to the local level to preside over the work of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Union. He did research work and led the land investigation movement in the Central Soviet Area before returning to Dabaidi. Facing the battlefield of the past, he recalled the past with emotion and wrote this poem in one breath.
Appreciation of the work
This is a poem that recalls the war, but there are no fierce indignation or bloody war scenes, only the beauty of the country stands out in the present. Memories are beautiful, and as long as they become the past, they will become friendly memories, especially when the poet wants to remember the past victorious battlefield here, while the beautiful scenery of summer dusk around him is quiet and green. It seems that the grateful nature also understands the poet's happy mood at this moment.
The poet Mao Zedong here did not use "the heavenly soldiers to rage into the sky" like he wrote "Die Lian Hua·From Tingzhou to Changsha" or the two "Fishermen's Proud" to oppose the first and second major "encirclement and suppression" campaigns. "With his strong feelings, he expresses his heart directly, writing poems on the spot to denounce the enemy; but he slowly stops to take a closer look, nostalgic for the scene, and looks back on the past.
The poet breaks the old patterns and content of the past, depicts the battlefield scenery with optimistic and heroic passion and revolutionary romanticism, and praises the fearless fighting spirit and revolutionary spirit of the soldiers and civilians in the revolutionary base areas who work hand in hand to defeat the enemy with the same hatred. Heroism.
This word begins with a description of the landscape of the clear sky after the rain in the summer evening. It starts with the evening sky where the sun is setting in the west. There are seven color words at the beginning, and each word has a meaning. The sudden and strange flowers give us the feeling of coming from the sky, and at the same time, they give us a beautiful picture of summer dusk in a very vivid way. Then the second sentence is even bolder and more clever. Who is holding a rainbow and dancing in the sky? It is as if the poet has melted himself into it; who will describe this picturesque scenery and who will control it? It makes people read that he is the poet himself. He is the painter of such beautiful scenery, the changer of this beautiful scenery, and the real master of this "red rain making waves at will".
Then from the sky, you can see the sunset and green mountains in front of you. The mountains after the dusk rain are especially green, shining with the gorgeous twilight against the setting sun. Among these three or four sentences, although the third sentence uses the Huajian poet Wen Tingyun's "The sun sets after the rain", it does not fall into the elegance and delicacy of the Huajian School. One of the characters "Fu" appears to be worse than "Que". The word "que" has weight and is more certain, but the word "que" is more tactful and lighter. Moreover, the scenery in the fourth sentence is also majestic, especially the word "array", which has a mighty and spreading trend. The word "Guanshan" also starts from the elephant, and the last word "Cang" seems to have a long and boundless charm. The feeling of endlessness echoes in my heart.
The first two sentences of the second half of the poem highlight the theme of the poem's reminiscence. The entire first half of the poem describes today's scenery (that is, the scenery of Dabaidi in the summer of 1933). The fierce fighting back then has now faded into smoke, and only some bullet holes remain on the walls after the rain. These recollections are not random, they will immediately create a new artistic conception for us: "Decorating this mountain will make it look better today." This is indeed an unprecedented new discovery of beauty, because in the eyes of ordinary people, bullet holes are not Good-looking things, but in the eyes of the poet, everything is a matter of pleasure. Just use these bullet holes to embellish the rivers and mountains of the motherland. They look particularly beautiful in the clear sky after the rain at dusk in summer. Because it shows a new landscape, the poet also foresees a new world here.
About the author
Mao Zedong, whose courtesy name is Runzhi and whose pen name is Ziren.
Born on December 26, 1893 in a peasant family in Shaoshan, Xiangtan, Hunan. Died in Beijing on September 9, 1976. Leader of the Chinese people, Marxist, great proletarian revolutionist, strategist and theorist, main founder and leader of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the People's Republic of China, poet, calligrapher Home.