During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Buddhism developed greatly and formed many sects, mainly the Tiantai Sect, which was founded during the Chen and Sui Dynasties. Its founder was Zhi? (531-597) and was popular in Zhejiang and Hubei today. This area was one of the most powerful Buddhist sects at that time; Faxiang Sect, whose founders were Xuanzang (596-664) and his disciple Guiji (631-682); in addition, there were Huayan Sect, Zen Sect, Pure Land Sect, Vinaya Sect, Tantric Sect, etc. Each sect has its own differences in popular areas, doctrines and interpretations of the classics. Buddhism in the Sui and Tang Dynasties has become independent from being a vassal of the metaphysics of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and has gradually formed its own theoretical system. The style of study has also gradually become integrated from the obvious differences in the past between the emphasis on righteousness in the south and the emphasis on Zen in the north. At this time, the center of spreading Buddhism in Asia had moved from India to China. Chinese and foreign eminent monks visited each other, and different translations of Buddhist scriptures were exchanged with each other. China's established Buddhist theories were gradually spread to other countries by international monks. Music and architecture related to Buddhism , sculptures, murals and other arts developed accordingly, and the integration and exchange of China and the West mainly occurred through the northwest "Silk Road". Under the strong promotion of the rulers of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the monastery power developed rapidly. It not only occupied a large amount of manpower and land, but also operated businesses such as mansion shops, leasing, and loan sharking, which affected the central government's fiscal revenue and control of the labor force. In the fifth year of Huichang (845), Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the extermination of Buddhism. 4,600 temples were destroyed, and more than 40,000 Zhaoti and Lanruo temples were built. , tens of millions of hectares of land were confiscated (the hectares were suspected to be acres of land), and 150,000 temple slaves were released from the two-tax household. In order to preserve Buddhist scriptures and promote Buddhism, a large number of hand-written Buddhist scriptures, sculptures, cave temples, statues, murals and other Buddhist buildings and artworks have appeared, such as the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu and the paintings, colored sculptures and unearthed documents in the caves, the Fangshan Stone Sutra in Beijing, etc. , are all treasures in the world's cultural treasure house, and have extremely high cultural relic value and historical research value.