1. Read the following classical Chinese passage and complete the following small questions
15.C 16.B 17.B 18. (1) The honest visit to the Secretary Weihala Hasun has always been Cruel and vicious, because Zhao Mengfu could not accept the idea of ??obeying Weiha Laha Sun, so (Wei Ha Laha Sun) used things to slander Zhao Mengfu.
(2) Is (Zhao Mengfu) the residence of Emperor Shizu? When selecting and promoting him, I treated him with special etiquette and placed him in the pavilion to be in charge of palace writing. Analysis 15. Analysis of test questions: This question tests the meaning and usage of content words in classical Chinese. The word "jue" in item C "well-educated and unrivaled in calligraphy and painting" should be interpreted as "exceeding".
Go back to the text, find the context of the sentence and combine it with the idiom "extraordinary" to infer the meaning. Test points: Understand the meaning and usage of common classical Chinese content words in the text.
The ability level is Understanding B. Famous teachers focus on understanding the meaning of content words in classical Chinese, and can adopt the contextual definition method: Since any content word can only have one meaning in a specific language environment, it can be defined contextually, that is, a content word can be judged according to the specific context. specific meaning.
When answering questions, you should put the content words back into the original context and understand them in conjunction with the contextual meaning. The method of substitution into the original grammar, in-class review method, and idiom transfer method can be used.
For example, this question uses the idiom transfer method based on the context. Combined with the context, understand the meaning of content words, and pay attention to polysemy, ancient and modern idioms, false characters, and inflection of parts of speech.
To analyze the shapes and infer the meaning of the words. The characters are inferred from the same pronunciation, the parts of speech are deduced from the grammatical features, and the preceding and following words are explained using intertextual meaning comparison.
Contact the context, look back and forth, and be consistent. The interpretation of the content words must be substituted into the original sentence to see if it conforms to the language environment of the original text.
16. Test question analysis: This question tests the ability to recognize and memorize literary common sense. Item B is incorrectly stated. The residence of a person who becomes an emperor instead of a prince is called a hidden residence.
Locate the test points and memorize common knowledge about literature. The ability level is Shiji A.
Questions like the famous teacher’s key points require daily memorization and accumulation. Qiandi refers to the emperor's residence before he ascended the throne.
Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu's "A Letter of Resignation on behalf of others": "The official who belongs to Qiandi is the first to imitate the promotion and accompany the school's sermons, but has no inventions." Qing Gong Zizhen's "Raising Funds for Longquan Temple" "Qianlong Mansion": "The Lama Temple in Qiandi was also ordered to be the place where the Buddha is worshiped, and the ministers are responsible for it."
Also known as Qianlongdi, it was used for the enthronement of emperors who did not succeed as princes. Previous residence. If the emperor was a prince before he came to the throne, he would naturally live in the East Palace, and there would be no Qian Di; if "the person who inherits the great rule from his own residence", that is, a concubine, a side branch, etc. who has a feudal residence, his original residence will be called "Qian Di" .
Usually, after the emperor succeeds to the throne, it can no longer be used as a residence for anyone, but is converted into a religious temple or sacrificial place. 17. Test question analysis: This question tests students’ understanding of the text content.
The Chinese saying "already falsely accused" in item B means that the person has surrendered to the crime. Option stated incorrectly.
The test points are positioned to summarize the key points of the content and summarize the central meaning. The ability level is analysis and synthesis C.
Tips for this question is to summarize the content of the article. The way to answer such questions is to put back the original text and check whether it is correct or incorrect.
Especially in terms of time, place, official position, character's behavior, and actual results, the words and sentences of the original text should be carefully checked, fully understood, and comprehensively analyzed. The difference between the two is the key to grasping the full text. When dealing with paradoxes, we must have the awareness to use the topic to explain the text.
For example, in this question, you only need to find the original sentence in the text: and then compare the options to find the error. 18. Test question analysis: Key phrases that need to be paid attention to when translating this question are: (1) "Su", "Yi", "Zhong"; (2) "Suo Jianba", "Yi", "Yu" and "Belong to".
The most important thing in classical Chinese translation is to get points. Candidates put two sentences into the original text, and translate the sentences based on the context and meaning, combined with the points in the sentence. The test points locate the sentences in the translated text.
The ability level is Understanding B. Tips for solving this question: First, find out the proper nouns, that is, names of people, places, official positions, etc.; then check to see if there are any special sentence patterns, and finally determine the keywords for translation, usually literal translation.
The most basic methods for translating classical Chinese are substitution, word combination, retention, and omission. Words with different meanings in ancient and modern times should be "replaced"; words with roughly the same meaning in ancient and modern times should be "combined"; special place names, names of people, etc. should be "retained"; words with tautology in ancient Chinese can be "omitted" For one thing, some function words that are unnecessary or difficult to translate properly can also be "omitted".
Four-character tips for reading and translating classical Chinese: read the full text first and grasp the main idea. The words are not separated from the sentences, and the sentences are not separated from the words.
The words and sentences are difficult to understand and are not connected before and after. Skip sentences and make up the original meaning.
Names of people and places do not need to be translated. There are rules for omitting inversion.
Common function words vary from sentence to sentence. Use content words flexibly and understand the meaning.
Translate the entire sentence and make the sentence fluent. Check the original text for a literal translation.
Words and sentences are connected into one piece. After the translation is completed, check carefully.
Reference translation The emperor wanted Zhao Mengfu to discuss Zhongshu's political affairs with him, but Zhao Mengfu firmly refused (due to inconvenience), but the emperor issued an order saying that there was no restriction on Zhao Mengfu's access to the palace. Every time Zhao Mengfu was summoned by the emperor, he would definitely talk about the ways of governing the country calmly, which was very beneficial to the emperor in governing the world.
Zhao Mengfu thought that if he stayed with the emperor for a long time, he would be hated by others, so he tried his best to request a foreign appointment. In the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty, he took charge of the Jinan Road General Administration Office.
In the 29th year, he served as the general manager of Jinan Road. At that time, the general manager was short of staff, so Zhao Mengfu took charge of the political affairs of the general manager's office alone.
There was a man named Yuan Jie'er who worked in the salt field. Because he could not bear the hard life in the salt field, he took the opportunity to escape. His father found someone else's body and falsely accused his fellow laborers of killing Yuan Jie'er. Those who were falsely accused were beaten to death.
Meng Fu suspected that this was an unjust case, so he suppressed the case without making a verdict. A month later, Gaier came back on his own, and the locals praised Zhao Mengfu for his ability to solve the case like a god.
Weihara Hasun, the official of Lian Fang, was always cruel and vicious. Because Zhao Mengfu could not accept the idea of ??obeying Weihara Hasun, (Weihara Hasun) used things to slander Zhao Mengfu. Later, the matter was alleviated after the imperial court ordered Zhao Mengfu to go to the capital to compile the "Records of the Ancestors".
A long time later, he was appointed as the magistrate of Fenzhou, but before he took office, the emperor ordered the Tibetan Sutra to be written in gold characters. After the completion, he was appointed as the scholar of Jixianzhi. Because of the recommendation of Confucianism in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, he was promoted to the prefect of Taizhou. , did not take office. In the third year of his reign, Zhao Mengfu was summoned to the capital.
Renzong had known this for a long time when he was the prince. 2. (1) Classical Chinese reading (19 points) Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 4~7 Tianxiangzhi
4. A (waving) 5. B 6. D (Liu Mengyan disapproved of Wang Jiweng and others to jointly release Wen Tianxiang on bail.
) 7. (1) The country cannot be saved from destruction. It is a crime for a minister to die, so how can he dare to escape the crime of beheading and have second thoughts? " (1 point each for "for", "escape from death" and "two reasons", 2 points for carelessness) (2) Soon, there was a "madman" in Zhongshan who said that he was the "Emperor of the Song Dynasty" and had a thousand soldiers and wanted to rescue him. Wen Tianxiang. ("Not soon", "calling himself 'Song Lord'" and "taking" each score 1 point, and the general meaning 2 points) Reference translation: Wen Tianxiang was taken to Chaoyang and saw Zhang Hongfan. So he was received with the courtesy of a guest. Wen Tianxiang entered Yashan with the Yuan army. Zhang Hongfan asked Wen Tianxiang to write a letter to recruit Zhang Shijie to surrender.
Wen Tianxiang said: "I can't defend my parents, but I instigate others to betray my parents. Is this possible?" Zhang Hongfan still insisted on him submitting. Wen Tianxiang then wrote his "Ling Ding Yang Poems" to him. At the end of the poem, there is this sentence: "Since ancient times, no one has died, leaving a loyal heart to illuminate history.
" Zhang Hongfan said: "The country has Prime Minister, you have already fulfilled your loyalty and filial piety. If you change your loyalty to the Southern Song Dynasty and become loyal to the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, you will be given the official position of prime minister." Wen Tianxiang said in tears: "The country's destruction cannot be saved. It is a sin to die as a minister. How dare you have second thoughts as if you were not guilty of beheading?" Zhang Hongfan admired his benevolence and sent someone to escort Wen Tianxiang to the capital.
Wen Tianxiang didn't eat for eight days on the way, but he didn't die, so he started eating again. When he arrived in Yanjing, the people at the guest house entertained him with a rich feast. Wen Tianxiang didn't sleep and sat there until dawn.
Zhang Hongfan quickly escorted him to the Military and Horse Division and sent soldiers to guard him. At that time, Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty was looking for talents among the officials of the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Jiweng said: "No other official in the Southern Song Dynasty is as good as Wen Tianxiang." Already perished, I am willing to die to serve my country. If because of the tolerance of the Yuan Dynasty emperor, I can return to my hometown as a Taoist priest and serve as the emperor's advisor from outside the country, then that's okay.
If he were appointed to an official position immediately, he would not only be incompatible with the scholar-bureaucrats who lost the country, but also abandon all his life's ambitions and career. Then what is the use of re-employing people like me?" Wang Jiweng wanted to join forces with Xie Changyuan, an official of the former Southern Song Dynasty, and ten others to make a request. Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty released Wen Tianxiang and asked him to become a Taoist priest. Liu Mengyan disagreed and said: "After Wen Tianxiang goes out, he will definitely give orders to Jiangnan again. What kind of situation will this put the ten of us in!" So the matter was dropped. Wen Tianxiang stayed in Yanjing for three years. Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty knew that Wen Tianxiang would not surrender in the end, so he discussed with the prime minister to release him. Someone told the story about Wen Tianxiang's rebellion against the Yuan Dynasty in Jiangxi, but Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty did not release him after all. .
In the 19th year of the Yuan Dynasty, a monk from Fujian said that Saturn was in opposition to the throne of the emperor, and he suspected that something had happened. Soon, there was a "madman" in Zhongshan who claimed that he was the "Emperor of the Song Dynasty" and had a thousand soldiers who wanted to rescue Wen Tianxiang.
Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty summoned Wen Tianxiang into the palace and said to him: "What is your wish?" Wen Tianxiang said: "I received the favor of the Song Dynasty and became the prime minister. How can I serve other emperors? I hope that I will be given the opportunity. I will be satisfied if I die." But Yuan Shizu still couldn't bear to give him death and immediately asked him to step down.
The officials who came forward strongly advocated that Wen Tianxiang's request be fulfilled, so Yuan Shizu agreed to Wen Tianxiang's request. Soon an edict was issued to stop it, but Wen Tianxiang had already been executed. 3. An accurate translation of the full text of Zhang Wenqian’s biography in classical Chinese
Zhang Wenqian, also known as Zhongqian, was a native of Shahe, Xingzhou. He was smart when he was young, with quick thinking and strong memory. He was a classmate of Taibao Liu Bingzhong. When Kublai Khan (who had not yet become the founder of the Yuan Dynasty) lived in Qiandi (the house where the crown prince lived before his name was corrected, which means "Don't use Qianlong"), he was granted land in Xingzhou. Liu Bingzhong recommended Zhang Wenqian, saying that he could Being appointed. In the first year of Ding Dynasty, Kublai Khan summoned Zhang Wenqian. Zhang Yingying agreed with Kublai Khan's wishes, so Kublai Khan ordered him to be the secretary of the palace, and he was reused day by day. Xingzhou is located in a strategic area. At first, Kublai Khan distributed the 2,000 households here to the meritorious ministers to make food. Every year, he sent people to supervise the collection of grain and money. These people did not know how to appease and govern the people. There are many kinds of levies, and the people cannot tolerate such decrees. Someone complained to the palace. Wen Qian and Bingzhong said to Kublai Khan: "Now the people are living in poverty, and nowhere is it worse than in Xingzhou. Why not send someone to govern this place and ask him to achieve results so that other places can follow Xingzhou's example?" Then the whole world will be blessed by you." In this case, Kublai Khan chose his ministers Tuowutuo, Shangshu Liu Su and minister Li Jian to go with him.
The three people arrived in Xingzhou and worked together to govern, eliminate corrupt officials, and eradicate powerful powerful people. The exiled people all came back. In less than a month, the population increased tenfold. Because of this incident, Kublai Khan paid more attention to Confucian scholars and appointed them as officials. This all started with Zhang Wenqian.
In the year of Xinhai, Xianzong ascended the throne. Wen Qian and Bingzhong repeatedly told Kublai Khan about matters that should be given top priority at that time, and Kublai Khan followed them one by one. When Kublai Khan conquered the Dali Kingdom, the country's leader Gao Xiang disobeyed orders, killed Kublai Khan's messenger and fled. Kublai Khan was furious and was about to massacre the people in the city. Wen Qian, Bingzhong, and Yao Shu remonstrated and said: "It was Gao Xiang who killed the envoy for disobeying the order. This is not the fault of the people. Please forgive them." Under such circumstances, the people of Dali relied on their words to survive. At the end of the year, Kublai Khan led the army to attack the Southern Song Dynasty. Wen Qian and Bingzhong said: "The king's army focuses on conquest, not fighting. It should treat the people of the Southern Song Dynasty with kindness and justice, and not kill innocent people indiscriminately." Kublai Khan said: "I hope everyone will abide by this promise." After entering the Southern Song Dynasty, Kublai Khan ordered the generals not to kill people indiscriminately, not to burn people's houses, and to let go of all the captives.
In the first year of Zhongtong, Kublai Khan ascended the throne as the founder of the Yuan Dynasty and established the Zhongshu Province. He first appointed Wang Wentong as Pingzhang political affairs officer and Zhang Wenqian as Zuo prime minister. Zhang Wenqian helped Yuan Shizu establish the court outline, explained the pros and cons, and took it as his important task to appease the country and facilitate the people. As soon as Yuan Shizu's order came out, there was hope for peace in the world. However, Wang Wentong had always been jealous of virtuous people. When planning and deliberating in the court, he repeatedly rejected the other party's opinions, and Wang Wentong could not calm down his resentment. (Wen Tong was jealous of others. When he first established Zhongshu, Zhang Wenqian was the Zuocheng. Wen Qian always prided himself on safeguarding the country and benefiting the people, so whenever he talked about building a Ming Dynasty, he would hesitate to comment on whether it was good or bad. Wen Tong's accumulation could not be leveled off, and he thought that he would fall into it. Wen Qian Zhang Wenqian urgently requested to serve as an official in the court, and Shizu ordered him to serve as the governor of Xuanfu and other administrative areas in his capacity as Zuo Cheng. Before leaving, Zhang Wenqian said to Wang Wentong: "The people have been poor for a long time, and there is a severe drought. Without tax reduction or exemption, how can we comfort the people and gain hope of rebirth from their suffering?" Wen Tong said: "Your Majesty. When he first ascended the throne, the country's expenses depended only on taxes. If they were reduced or exempted, why should they support the emperor? " Zhang Wenqian said: "The people are rich, how can the emperor not be rich? When the season is good and the year is prosperous, It is not too late to collect taxes as usual." So four-tenths of the usual tax and two-tenths of the wine tax were exempted.
In his early years, Wen Qian followed Liu Bingzhong and studied alchemy and arithmetic in depth. In his later years, he dated Xu Heng and became especially proficient in Confucian principles. He was upright and sensible, simple and prudent. Whenever he gave advice to the emperor, he always followed the benevolence and righteousness of Yao and Shun. He repeatedly offended powerful ministers and favored ministers, but he didn't care about his own gains and losses. The family only has tens of thousands of volumes of books. In particular, he took it as his responsibility to recommend talented people, so he was praised by the public opinion at the time. 4. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 1~4
1.A (investigate B. come back; woman gets married C. is in; is represented by D. juxtaposed; represents turning point) 2.B (② pure character ④Explains Yuan Shizu's trust in him⑥) 3.D ("limited his development in other aspects" does not conform to the meaning of the text. The original text means that his reputation for calligraphy and painting is so great that it obscures his talents in other aspects) 4. Translation: (1) Some people said that Zhao Mengfu was a descendant of the Song royal family and should not be allowed close to the emperor, but Yuan Shizu did not listen.
(2) If Wang Huchen goes there, he will definitely frame Zhao Quan. Even if Zhao Quan's illegal behavior is proven, people will not doubt it. (3) Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty liked him very much, and usually only called him by his surname and did not call him by his name. Classical Chinese translation reference: Zhao Mengfu, courtesy name Ziang, was a descendant of Zhao Defang, King of Qin, son of Song Taizu.
Zhao Mengfu was smart and agile since he was a child. He could recite a book after reading it, and he could write an article immediately after picking up a pen. In the 23rd year of the Yuan Dynasty, Shi Yushi followed the order of the Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty and went to the south of the Yangtze River to look for talented people who had lived in seclusion in the previous dynasty. He found Zhao Mengfu and took him to see the Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty.
Zhao Mengfu was so talented that Emperor Shizu was very happy to see him and let him sit at the head of Ye Li, the right prime minister.
Some people said that Zhao Mengfu was a descendant of the Song royal family and should not be allowed close to the emperor, but Yuan Shizu did not listen.
At that time, the Shangshu Province had just been established, and Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty appointed Zhao Mengfu to draft an imperial edict and issue it to the world. Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty read the edict he drafted and said happily: "You said what I wanted to say."
In the twenty-fourth year, Zhao Mengfu was appointed as the doctor of the Ministry of War. At that time, there was a man named Wang Huchen who wrote to the court to accuse Zhao Quan, the general manager of Pingjiang Road, of illegal behavior.
The imperial court immediately sent Wang Huchen to investigate. Zhao Mengfu further said: "Of course Zhao Quan's question should be investigated, but Wang Huchen used to be the governor of this place. He forcibly bought a lot of other people's fields and allowed his retainers to obtain illegal benefits.
Zhao Quan argued with him many times, and Wang Huchen had a grudge against him. If Wang Huchen went, he would definitely frame Zhao Quan. Even if Zhao Quan's illegal behavior was proved, people would not be suspicious."
Yuan. Shizu came to his senses and sent another official to go. In the 29th year, he served as the general manager of Jinan Road.
At that time, the general manager was short of staff, so Zhao Mengfu presided over the political affairs of the general manager's office alone. There was a man named Yuan Jie'er who worked in the salt fields. Unable to bear the hard life in the salt fields, he took the opportunity to escape.
His father found the body of another person and falsely accused his fellow laborers of killing Yuan Jie'er. The person who was falsely accused was beaten to death. Meng Fu suspected that this was an unjust case, so he suppressed the case without making a verdict.
A month later, Gaier came back on his own, and the locals praised Zhao Mengfu for his ability to solve the case like a god. In the third year of his junior year, Zhao Mengfu was appointed as a Hanlin scholar Chengzhi and a Ronglu doctor.
Yuan Shizu liked him very much, and usually only called him by his font size, not by his name. Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty once commented with his ministers on the scholars who had achieved great achievements in literary classics, thinking that Zhao Mengfu could be compared with Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty and Su Shi of the Song Dynasty.
The emperor of the Yuan Dynasty also praised Zhao Mengfu for his pure conduct, rich knowledge, and broad knowledge. His calligraphy and painting were superior to those of his contemporaries, and he was also familiar with the essence of Buddhism and Taoism. No one else could compare with him. Some people who didn't like him said things to sow discord in front of Yuan Shizu, but Yuan Shizu just pretended not to hear.
Zhao Mengfu's poems have a fresh style and profound meaning, showing a strange and elegant style. Reading his poems makes people feel as if they are otherworldly. His seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script are all among the best in ancient and modern times, so he is famous all over the world for his calligraphy.
There was a monk from the Kingdom of Tianzhu who traveled tens of thousands of miles to obtain Zhao Mengfu’s calligraphy works. After bringing them back, the Kingdom of Tianzhu regarded them as a treasure. Yang Zai, a former historian, believes that Zhao Mengfu's talents are largely overshadowed by his reputation for calligraphy and painting. People who understand his achievements in calligraphy and painting do not understand his achievements in writing. People who understand his achievements in writing, I don’t understand his knowledge in managing the world and benefiting the people. User reported on 2017-05-24. 5. Answers to the classical Chinese reading of Yang Huan
History of the Yuan Dynasty Biography of Yang Huan Yang Huan, also named Huanran, was a native of Fengtian, Qianzhou. His mother died when he was eleven years old.
At the end of the Jin Dynasty, he failed to pass the imperial examination and wrote thousands of books in anger. In the second year of Tianxing reign of Emperor Aizong of the Jin Dynasty (1233), Cui Li, the marshal who was guarding Bianjing, surrendered to the Mongolian army. Huan became a civilian and crossed the Yellow River north to take refuge in Guan's home. Guan treated him like a mentor.
Yan Shi from Dongping heard about Huan’s name and inquired about his whereabouts many times, but Huan never went to Yan’s house. In the tenth year of Emperor Taizong of Mongolia (1238), Liu Yongzhi was ordered to recruit Jinshi from various disciplines. Yang Huan ranked first twice in Dongping for his excellent articles, so he followed the examiner to Yanjing to meet Yelu Chucai.
Chu Cai asked Huan to be the director of the Henan Road Tax Collection Office and also the official visiting envoy. When Huan left, he said to Chu Cai: "I am not talented, but I have been misplaced."
Being a scholar and making money are not his strengths. After the war and chaos in Henan, there were not many people left. It is best to rest and recuperate today, otherwise it will cause resentment among the people. I hope you can give me time to care for the people and stabilize the people's hearts."
Chu Cai thought this was very true and agreed. After taking office, Yang Huan convened local celebrities to discuss how to streamline administration and benefit the people.
He himself visited various places in the country to investigate the implementation of salt courses. There were reports of an increase in salt levy, and Huan ordered the local authorities to reduce it by a quarter.
In less than a month, the political clarity was clear and public opinion praised it. After ten years of residence as an official, Huan asked to retire and go to Yan to spend his old age in peace in Taiwan.
In the second year of Emperor Xianzong's reign (1253), Prince Kublai Khan repeatedly called Huan to serve as the Councilor of the Xuanfu Office in Beijing, but Huan declined many times. Emperor Xianzong died in the fifth year of his life at the age of seventy, and was given a posthumous title. Wenxian. Huan was talented and intelligent, had a strong memory, and wrote concisely. Veteran officials in the court were also willing to associate with him.
Although there are many celebrities in Guanzhong, their reputations are not as good as Huan. Huan doesn't like wealth. Although his family is not rich, he tries his best to help others. When he sees the good things in others, he publicizes them. If he has minor faults, he tries his best to persuade them to correct them.
He wrote sixty volumes of "Huanshan Collection", three volumes of "Tianxing Jinjian", and sixty volumes of "Zhengshu", all of which have been handed down to the world. 6. Reading and answers to the biography of Wen Tianxiang in the history of the Song Dynasty
Wen Tianxiang passed the biography of Tianxiang to Chaoyang and saw Hongfan. The envoy was sent to recruit Zhang Shijie.
Tianxiang said: "I can't defend my parents, so I teach others to rebel against their parents, okay?" The answer is solid, and he wrote "Ling Ding Yang Shi" in the book. There is a saying at the end: "Since ancient times, no one has died, and his loyalty will be remembered by history."
Hongfan laughed it off. The cliff mountain was broken, and the army held a wine gathering. Hongfan said: "The country has perished, and the prime minister's loyalty and filial piety have been exhausted. Anyone who can change his mind to serve the Song Dynasty and serve the emperor will be worthy of being the prime minister."
Tianxiang burst into tears. He said: "There is no way to save the country if it perishes. Those who serve as ministers are more than guilty of death. How much more dare they escape and die, but they have no intention of doing anything wrong." Hongfan Yizhi sent envoys to escort Tianxiang to the capital.
Tianxiang is on the road. If you do not eat for eight days, you will not die, and you will eat again. By the time of Yan's reign, the people's offerings were very prosperous, and Tianxiang did not sleep in the palace until the end of the day.
Then he moved the army and horse division and set up soldiers to defend it. At that time, Emperor Shizu sought many talented Southern officials. Wang Jiweng said: "There is no one from the South like Tianxiang."
So he sent Jiweng to issue an edict, and Tianxiang said: "When the country perishes, one of my shares will die. This is my fate." After a long leave, I can return to my hometown with Huang Guan, and I can prepare advisors from abroad in the future.
If he suddenly becomes an official, he will not be able to live with him unless he is a man who has directly destroyed his country. If he lives his life and abandons him, what will happen? Use me?" Jiweng wanted to join the Song Dynasty official Xie Changyuan and other ten people to invite Shi Tianxiang to be a Taoist priest, but he couldn't leave Mengyan. He said, "Tianxiang came out and called Jiangnan again. Where can I put my ten people?" Tianxiang stayed in Yanfan for three years. His superiors knew that Tianxiang would never give in. He discussed with the prime minister for an explanation. Some people used Tianxiang's military campaign in Jiangxi as an excuse, but no explanation was given.
In the 19th year of the Yuan Dynasty, some Fujian monks said that Saturn violated the throne of the emperor, and there was a suspicion that something had changed. Not long after, there was a madman in Zhongshan who claimed to be the "Lord of the Song Dynasty" and had thousands of soldiers, hoping to capture Prime Minister Wen.
There is also an anonymous letter in the capital, saying that one day the reeds of the coir raincoat will be burned and the troops on both wings will lead to chaos, but the prime minister will have nothing to worry about. At that time, the thieves killed Ahema, the prime minister of Zuo, and ordered Wei to evacuate the city. They moved the Duke of Ying and the Song Dynasty clan to Kaiping. They suspected the prime minister Tianxiangye.
The summoner said: "What do you wish for?" Tianxiang said to him: "Tianxiang accepts Song En as the prime minister, and Anshi's two surnames? I wish that death would be enough." However, he still couldn't bear it. , retreated suddenly.
The speaker strongly praises Cong Tianxiang’s request and obeys it. There was an edict to stop it, and Tianxiang died.
Tianxiang was extremely calm before his execution, and said to the officials: "My work is over." Nanxiang worshiped and died.
A few days later, his wife, Ouyang, collected his body. His face looked as if he were alive, and he was forty-seven years old. There is a praise in his belt: "Confucius said to be benevolent, Mencius said to be righteous, but the righteousness is fulfilled, so benevolence is the best.
Reading the books of sages, what have you learned? From now on, I will have no regrets." (selected) From "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography of Wen Tianxiang") 1. Regarding the interpretation of the following sentences, the incorrect one is ( ) A. If the country is destroyed, one of us will die: according to the duty B. It is not allowed to leave a dream to burn: Agree C. Retreat suddenly: command D. Tianxiang is very calm before execution: unusual answer C (waving his hand.
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2. The dotted words in the following sets of sentences have the same meaning and usage: ( ) A. ① Enter the Yashan Mountain with you ② The minister invites you to come in, and the same order is given B. ① It’s a book "Ling Ding Yang Shi" was written with it. ② I asked what time it is now, but I don't know the Han Dynasty. ① Where are the ten of us? Not to mention that the answer A and; preposition, and. B. Conjunction, so/adverb, unexpectedly/C. Yu: preposition; in/preposition, and, the same; D. And, conjunction, means modification, not translated/conjunction, means progression, and.
3. The following sentences are organized into four groups, all of which directly express Wen Tianxiang’s willingness to sacrifice his life for righteousness and prefer death to surrender. The group is ( ) ① I bow to my fate, but I don’t bow ② I can’t defend my parents, but teach others to rebel. Parents, can ③ the country perish, one of us will die? ④ Tianxiang came out and called Jiangnan again ⑤ The speaker strongly praised Tianxiang's request ⑥ Anshi two surnames? A, ①③④ B, ①③⑥ C, ②⑤⑥ D.②④⑤ Answer B (④ is Liu Mengyan’s disapproval of Wen Tianxiang’s release; ⑤ is the suggestion that Wen Tianxiang be killed.) 4. The following is related to the original text. In the summary and analysis, one incorrect item is ( ) A. After Wen Tianxiang was arrested, Hongfan asked Wen Tianxiang to write a letter to recruit Zhang Shijie to surrender, but Wen Tianxiang refused.
Hongfan still insisted on asking him to write, so Wen Tianxiang wrote his own "Ling Ding Yang Shi" to him to express his ambition. B. When Hongfan sent someone to escort Wen Tianxiang to the capital, Wen Tianxiang went on a hunger strike for eight days and prayed for death, but he did not die.
At that time, Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty was looking for talents among the officials of the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Jiweng recommended Wen Tianxiang, saying that he was a rare talent. C. Yuan Shizu originally planned to release him, but Liu Mengyan did not agree with this.
Yuan Shizu summoned Wen Tianxiang into the palace and asked him what his wish was. Wen Tianxiang expressed his attitude, but Yuan Shizu still couldn't bear to give him death, so he asked him to retreat. D. After Wen Tianxiang was arrested, he expressed his true feelings many times in Yuanying, sacrificing his life for righteousness and committing suicide to be a benevolent person.
He regarded death as home, was calm and magnanimous before death, and did not change his expression after death. Wen Tianxiang fully reflected the awe-inspiring righteousness of a man with lofty ideals and a benevolent man. Answer C (Liu Mengyan did not agree with Wang Jiweng and others’ plan to jointly release Wen Tianxiang on bail.)
5. Translate the underlined sentences in the classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (1) The superior knew that Tianxiang was unyielding in the end, and discussed with the prime minister for an explanation. Some people used Tianxiang's military campaign in Jiangxi as an excuse, but no explanation was given.
(2) Tianxiang was appointed prime minister by Song En, and his second name was Anshi? Death is enough for him. For reference answers, see the underlined sentences in "Reference Translation".
Reference translation Wen Tianxiang was taken to Suyang and met Zhang Hongfan. The Yuan army ordered Wen Tianxiang to kowtow, but Wen Tianxiang refused to do so.
Zhang Hongfan then received him with the courtesy of a guest, entered Yashan with Wen Tianxiang, and asked Wen Tianxiang to write a letter to recruit Zhang Shijie to surrender. Zhang Tianxiang said: "I cannot defend the country of my parents, but I instigate others to betray the country of my parents. Is this okay?" Zhang Hongfan still insisted on asking him to write a letter of surrender, so Zhang Tianxiang wrote his own " "Ling Ding Foreign Poems" was given to him. At the end of the poem, there was this sentence: "Since ancient times, no one has died, leaving a loyal heart to illuminate history."
"Zhang Hongfan had no choice but to laugh and give up. Yashan was captured by the Yuan army, and Zhang Hongfan sent someone to escort Wen Tianxiang to the capital.
Wen Tianxiang went on a hunger strike for eight days in Tuhu, but he did not die, so he started eating again. When he arrived in Yanjing, the guests at the guest house served him a sumptuous meal, but Wen Tianxiang didn't sleep and sat there until dawn.
The escort quickly escorted Chi to the Military and Horse Division and sent soldiers to guard him. At that time, Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty was looking for talents among the officials of the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Jiweng said: "No other official in the Southern Song Dynasty was as good as Tu Wen Tianxiang.
"The Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty then sent Wang Jiweng to convey his will. Wen Tianxiang said; "The country Already destroyed, he died to serve his country.