Introduction to the work
"Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Yao Cao Yi He Bi" was composed by Huang Tingjian and was selected into "Three Hundred Song Ci". This is an elegant and bold piece of work. The upper column depicts the elegant and pure paradise-like beauty of a fairyland. Beautiful images such as yaocao, fairy streams, peach blossoms, oriole birds, white clouds, and majesty; and various fresh colors such as green, yellow, red, and white form a fascinating and mythical world. The following is a description of the crazy and joyful emotions of wandering through the scene. Everything around you that you sit on, lean on, and touch is noble and elegant. "Where to banish the immortal?" The choice of doing or not doing symbolically expresses one's noble and noble aspirations. At the end, the lyricist has a bohemian demeanor. The whole poem describes the scenery, embodies emotions, and entrusts ideals. It integrates the charm of Taoyuan and the customs of banished immortals, which is unique.
Original text
"Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Yao Cao Yi He Bi"
Author: Huang Tingjian
Yao Cao Yi He Bi① , enter Wuling River in spring②. There are countless peach blossoms on the stream, and there are orioles on the branches. I want to find my way through the flowers, and go straight into the depths of the white clouds, displaying my majestic rainbow. I'm afraid the flowers will be deep inside, and people's clothes will be wet with red dew.
Sitting on a jade stone, leaning on a jade pillow, brushing the golden emblem ④. Where to banish the immortal ⑤? There is no one to accompany me to the White Snail Cup. I am Ganoderma lucidum, if not for red lips and red face, how can I be a long roar? I went down the mountain drunkenly and danced, and the bright moon chased everyone back.
Comments
① Yaocao: fairy grass.
②Wuling River: in present-day Changde, Hunan. This refers to paradise.
③ Two sentences of "only fear": describe the crystal clear dew of bamboo scriptures and flowers.
④ Fu Jin Hui: Finger playing the piano.
⑤ Two sentences of "Relegated Immortal": I admire Li Bai's elegance and openness, but lament the lack of close friends.
⑥Three sentences of "I am": write about your own interests and character. I wish to be a fairy grass that transcends the world, and not be a concubine who pleases people.
⑦Drunken dance: The word refers to the ambition of dissolute and contented life.
Appreciation
This poem is a work of spring travel, probably written when the author was demoted. The whole poem is a blend of scenes and scenes, reflecting the poet's outlook on life where he was born in and out of the world, and his character of self-admiration and unwillingness to flatter the world for the sake of glory. It also embodies the poet's aesthetic ideal of being transcendent and transcendent.
In the first sentence, the poet adopts a metaphorical technique and enthusiastically praises Yaocao (immortal grass) as lovely as jasper, which makes the poem give people a good impression and arouse people's interest from the beginning. , introducing readers into the artistic realm of the work unconsciously. Starting from the second sentence, flashbacks are used to describe the beautiful scenes of the fairy world layer by layer.
"Spring enters Wuling River", which serves as a link between the past and the following. Here, the poet cleverly uses allusions from Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Spring". Tao Yuanming's description of this fictitious ideal country shows his dissatisfaction with the real society. Huang Tingjian's use of this allusion is self-evident. The writer of these three sentences came to the "Peach Blossom Spring" in spring, where the streams were flowing, peach blossoms were blooming everywhere, and the orioles on the branches kept singing melodious and sweet songs.
In the three sentences "I want to walk through flowers to find my way", the writer wants to walk through the flowers in the Peach Blossom Spring, all the way to the top of the mountain with floating white clouds, and when he exhales the awe-inspiring spirit in his chest, it turns into a rainbow. Here, the poet further expresses his dissatisfaction with reality in a subtle way, imagining that he can find an ideal world where he can freely display his talents.
However, the two sentences "I'm afraid that the flowers will be deep inside and the red dew will wet people's clothes" twists and turns expresses the contradiction of his being tired of the chaotic world but unwilling to leave. The poet's use of metaphors and symbols is full of poetic flavor that is endlessly chewable.
The sentence "Red dew wets people's clothes" is derived from Wang Wei's poem "There is no rain on the mountain road, and the empty green wets people's clothes" ("In the Mountain"). Huang Tingjian replaced "empty green" with It becomes "Red Dew", which is adapted from previous poems, seamless and integrated.
The next part follows the author’s narcissistic and unusual thoughts. With rich imagination, the poet used "sitting on a jade stone, leaning on a jade pillow, and brushing the golden emblem (playing the Yao Qin)" to express his noble and unique aspirations. The two sentences "Where is the banished immortal? There is no one to accompany me to the Bailuo Cup". On the surface, it means that Li Bai is gone and there is no one to accompany him to drink. The implication is that he lacks close friends and feels extremely lonely. He did not regard the people of the time as his bosom friends, but instead regarded the ancients as his bosom friends, expressing his dissatisfaction with reality in a tortuous way.
The two sentences "I am Ganoderma lucidum" express his true intention of exploring here. "Immortal grass" is the "Yao grass" at the beginning, and "red lips and red face" refers to the third sentence "Peach blossoms on the stream". Su Shi's poem about Haitang in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou goes like this: "The red lips are so dizzy with wine that the face is dizzy, and the green sleeves are rolled with gauze and the red reflects the flesh." The flowers are beautiful and similar, so it can also be used to talk about peach blossoms here. These two sentences are metaphors and symbolic language, and their meaning is like what Li Bai said in the fourth of "Twelve Ancient Poems": "Be ashamed of the beauty in the world, and cherish the treasure in the heart." "What's the point of roaring" means that there is no need to worry and sigh about not getting fame and fortune.
The image of the protagonist in this poem is high-spirited and unconventional, and he does not seem to be a cannibal for the world. The poet uses a quiet, peaceful, contented and fairy-like style to describe the natural streams and mountains without any tackiness. In fact, he wants to imagine the world and build a self-satisfied realm in the world, where he can be intoxicated and linger. In it, we can fight against the real society full of power and deceit, and forget the troubles of the world.
Introduction to the author
Huang Tingjian (1045-1105), whose courtesy name was Lu Zhi, was known as Valley Taoist, later as Fu Weng, also known as Mr. Huang of Yuzhang, Han nationality, Hongzhou Fenning ( Today's Xiushui, Jiangxi Province). He was a poet, lyricist, and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was the founder of the Jiangxi Poetry School, which was very popular at that time. In the fourth year of Emperor Yingzong's reign (1067), he became a Jinshi. He has served as Ye County Lieutenant, Professor of the Imperial Academy of Beijing, School Secretary, Zuo Lang, Secretary Cheng, Fuzhou Biejia, Qianzhou Resettlement, etc.
Huang Tingjian is good at articles and poetry, especially calligraphy. The style of poetry is unique and hard, and it strives to reject light and vulgar habits, creating a trend for a generation. He was known to Su Shi in his early years, and together with Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi and Qin Guan, he was known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School". The poems are called "Su Huang" together with Su Shi, and there is "Yuzhang Mr. Huang's Collected Works". His poems are as famous as Qin Guan's, including "Gu Qinqu Waipian" and Long Yusheng's "Yuzhang Mr. Huang's Ci". His poems are romantic and heroic, closer to Su Shi, and he is the ancestor of the "Jiangxi School of Poetry". Chao Buzhi said: "Lu Zhijian's short poems are indeed superb, but he is not an expert in speaking, but he sings good poems with a tune." (See "Poet Jade Chip") There are also many slang words, which are inevitably sarcastic. There is "Gu Ci" also known as "Gu Gu Qinqu Waipian". The main ink writings include "Songfeng Pavilion Poems", "Huayan Shu", "Jing Fubo Shrine", "Zhu Shangzuo", "Li Bai's Reminiscences of Old Travel Poems", "Bitter Bamboo Shoots Ode", etc. His book treatises include "On Recent Books" and "On Books". Huang Tingjian is one of the "Four Scholars of the Soviet Union". His poetic style is unique and hard, and he strives to avoid light and vulgar habits. He started a generation of poetry and was the founder of Jiangxi Poetry School. His calligraphy is exquisite, and together with Su, Mi and Cai, he is known as the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty". Ci is as famous as Qin Guan, but his artistic achievements are not as good as Qin Guan's. In his later years, when he was close to Su Shi, his style of writing was sparse, deeply emotional, bold, elegant, and sometimes sublime. There are seventy volumes of "Valley Collection".
English Translation of Song Ci
Prelude to Water Melody
Huang Tingjian
How could grass be so green O Spring
< p> Enters the fairy stream,Where countless peach blooms beam,
And on the branch of the tree golden orioles sing.
I try to find a way through the flowers so gay,
Straight into clouds so white
To breathe a rainbow bright,
But I'm afraid in the depth of the flowers in my view,
My sleeves would be wet with rosy dew.
I sit on a stone and
Lean on a pillow of jade;
A tune on golden lute is played.
Where is the poet of the fairyland
Who would drink up with me my spiral cup
I come to seek for the immortal's trace,
Not for the rouged lips and powered face.
Why should I long, long croon
Drunk, I would dance downhill soon,
Followed by the bright moon.
Introduction to Ci Pai
"Shui Tiao Ge Tou", one of the famous Ci Pai names, also known as "Yuanhui" "Qu", "Triumph", "Taicheng Tour", etc. Shangxiaque, ninety-five characters, plain rhyme (there were also oblique rhymes in the Song Dynasty). According to legend, when Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty opened the Bianhe River, he composed "Shui Tiao Song" and it was performed as a opera by the Tang Dynasty people. The Daqu has three parts: the preface, the middle preface, and the beginning. The "Song Head" should be the first chapter of the middle preface. There are ninety-four to ninety-seven characters in double tone, with four flat rhymes in the front and back parts. In the Song Dynasty, there were two six-character sentences in the front and back pieces, which often contained leaf rhymes. There are also flat, oblique and alternate leaves that almost all rhyme, and there are eight styles.
Rhythm
Rhythm comparison: Su Shunqin's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou· Chic Taihu Lake"
Zhong 廄廄平廄, middle 廄廄平平(rhyme).
On the shore of Taihu Lake, Dongting Mountain stands calmly.
Zhongpingzhongzhepingzhong,zhongzhezhepingping (rhyme).
The fish and dragon are hidden, and the smoke is deep in the air.
中廄平平中仄,中仄平平中仄,中仄廄平平(rhyme).
While thinking about Tao, Zhu and Zhanghan, suddenly there was a small boat rushing to paddle back, skimming the waves and carrying the perch back.
中廄廄平廄,中廄廄平平(rhyme).
The sunset is stormy, and the return route goes around Tingwan.
Zhongzhongzhong, Zhongzhongqi, Qipingping (rhyme).
The husband’s ambition is to be prosperous but not to be ashamed.
Zhongpingzhongzhi, Pingzhongpingzhezhepingping (rhyme).
Why do you feel so haggard in your prime? Huafa changes into beauty.
Zhongqi, Pingzhongqi, Zhongqi, Pingzhongqi, Zhongqi, Pingping (rhyme).
I plan to use the cold pool to fish, but I am afraid of guessing the gulls and refuse to go near Qinglun.
中廄中平廄,中廄廄平平(rhyme).
The thorns are pierced through the reeds, and I am speechless watching the waves.
Note the third and fourth sentences of the first part, and the fourth and fifth sentences of the second part. It can be made up six, down five, or up four down seven. There are many places for entry and exit, so you need to master the deployment.