Ping Fu Tie is a cursive work created by Lu Ji, a writer and calligrapher in Jin Dynasty. Now it is collected in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
"Ping Fu Tie" has nine lines and 84 words. It's a letter from Lu Ji to a friend who is terminally ill and can't recover. It is named after the word "I am afraid it will be difficult to calm down". It was written on hemp paper by the author with a bald pen, with euphemistic brushwork and simple style.
The writing age of Ping Fu Tie was 1700 years ago. It is the earliest and most authentic calligraphy post of famous western Jin dynasty, which occupies an important position in the history of Chinese calligraphy and has reference value for studying the changes of characters and calligraphy.
Ping Fu Tie was born in the Western Jin Dynasty, which is a transitional period in the history of China. No matter in philosophy, religion or literature and art, great social changes also affect the "consciousness" of calligraphy. Therefore, the birth of Ping Fu Tie is the product of literary consciousness in social change. And another historical background of the reply post is the "time of rebellion" mentioned in the post. After Lu Ji entered Luo from Wu, the "Eight Kings Rebellion" lasted for 16 years. The historical background of "Ping Fu Tie" is not only a period of change in the cultural field, but also a war era of successive years of regime change, political chaos and military disaster.
Cao Zhang originated from the disintegration of official script, so it has the characteristics of official script, that is, it has obvious waves. By the end of the Han Dynasty, some calligraphers had creatively developed this kind of glyph. For example, the characters in Wei Guan Cao Shu are mostly vertical, and Lu Ji's Ping Fu Tie is influenced by it, which obviously adopts this tendency in the form of words.
"Ping Fu Tie" is slender in structure, simple and straightforward in writing, scrawled and disorganized. It's a bit risky to be evasive. The last stroke of many words is also pulled down, which turns Cao Zhang's horizontal stroke into a vertical stroke, and the state of the words also changes according to the situation. For example, the word "Ziyang" and the word "Zi" have vertical hook strokes. After omitting the "hook", "vertical" is left, and the left is "left" painting; The "vertical" picture of the word "Yang" is elongated downward, and the two strokes in the word are shortened and become straight downward lines. These are all treatments to strengthen the vertical development of word potential.
The characters in the reply post are lively and lovely, which are mainly manifested in the changeable character potential and scattered composition of the characters. The trend of the whole post is mainly positive, and the trend of swinging from side to side is quite interesting. For example, the word "lost" leans to the left, and the word "lost" leans to the right, one left and one right, full of movement. The change of the position of Chinese character components is manifested in the movement of the left and right structural positions and the adjustment of the potential. For example, the word "Qi" moves up and tilts in the left half, and tilts with the right half to form a trend of closing up and opening down. The word "Guan" itself has a left-right structure, and the left component moves up to the upper left part of the right component, thus showing a left oblique trend, making the whole word look more like an up-and-down structure.
"Ping Fu Tie" is straightforward and concise, which makes the strokes of its characters more concise, but it also increases the difficulty of character recognition. The left and right points in the word "Ping" are saved as horizontal paintings. The word "money" is simple, like the word "harmony" in cursive script. "Ping Fu Tie" also pays attention to the true and false relationship of words, which is manifested in the handling of blank words.