Li Bai's Autumn Wind Ci

"Autumn Wind Ci"

Author: Li Bai

Original text:

The autumn wind is clear, the autumn moon is bright,

The fallen leaves gathered and dispersed, and the jackdaws roosted again.

When will we know each other when we miss each other? It’s embarrassing to be here this night!

Entering my lovesickness door, you know that my lovesickness is painful.

Long lovesickness brings long memories, but short lovesickness brings endless love.

If I had known that it would trip people’s hearts, how could I have done it? Don't know each other at first.

Translation:

The autumn wind is so desolate,

The autumn moon is so bright,

The fallen leaves are floating in the air. Even the crows perched on the trees were frightened.

I want to meet each other dearly that day,

Now when we are separated, when will we meet again?

In this autumn night with the autumn wind and moon,

I want to When I think about it, I feel really embarrassed.

Walk into my door of lovesickness and know the pain of lovesickness,

Long-term lovesickness is an eternal memory,

Short-term lovesickness is endless,

If I had known that lovesickness would be so entangled in my heart,

it would be better not to have known each other in the first place.

Appreciation:

This poem was written on a late autumn night. The poet saw the bright moon hanging high in the sky and the jackdaws perched on the trees that had lost their leaves. At this time, the poet is missing an old lover. This situation makes the poet sad and helpless. This is a typical work of sad autumn. The autumn wind, autumn moon, fallen leaves and jackdaws create a sad atmosphere. The poet's wonderful imagination and perfect portrayal of his own heart make the whole poem sad and moving.

Many people think that the form of this poem is very similar to a short poem, with obvious musical characteristics. Volume 23 of Zhao Yi's "Yi Yu Cong Kao" says: The 357-character poem originated from Li Taibai: The autumn wind is clear and the autumn moon is bright. This is its origin. Liu Changqing's poem "Farewell to Lu Li" says: People come and go on Xin'an Road. Early tides and late tides, who knows where tomorrow will be? The tide is ruthless and it returns, and self-pity stays in the new place. The poem "Jiangnan Spring" written by Kou Laigong of the Song Dynasty says: The waves are dim and the willows are Yiyi. The grass in the lonely forest is far away, and the flowers are flying in the slanting sun. Spring in the south of the Yangtze River is far away from the heart, and the people in Tingzhou have not returned. It pointed out its origin relationship with Jiangnan Chunci Pai. Deng Shen of the Southern Song Dynasty once wrote a poem based on this tune, called Qiufengqing. The Qing Dynasty also regarded Li Bai's poem as an original tune and included it in the "Qin Ding Ci Pu", saying: This poem of three to five seven words was adopted by later generations into the lyrics.

The title of this poem is only three to five or seven words and does not mention the content and theme of the poem. It can be seen that the poet's creative intention was to focus on the formal characteristics of the work, that is, as long as the whole poem meets the requirements of two sentences of three words and two sentences of five words. , two sentences of seven characters can be turned into a poem. It can be said that the title of the poem already contains a clear connotation of poetic form. The poem style chapter in Yan Yu's "Canglang Poetry Talk" says: There are three, five, and seven words. From the note: From three words to seven words, Zheng Shiyi of the Sui Dynasty wrote this poem: The autumn wind is clear, the autumn moon is bright. The fallen leaves gathered and dispersed, and the jackdaws roosted again. When will we know each other when we miss each other? It is embarrassing at this time and this night. Mr. Guo Shaoyu's proofreading said: Canglang claimed that Zheng Shiyi had three to five or seven words, but I don't know what basis it is based on. In the case of "Poet Jade Chips", there is no autumn wind and the following sentences are based on "Jade Chips". The autumn wind is clear and the clouds are clear, and when I see "The Collection of Li Taibai", it must be Li's work.

However, Li Bai's poem cannot be regarded as a creative work, because in the early Tang Dynasty, the monk Yijing wrote a poem "In the Western Kingdom of the King's Shecheng". This poem was named "Yi San" because of its stylistic characteristics. Five Seven Nine Words". Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Characters" is just a variation of "One Three Five Seven Nine Characters". If the first character is omitted and the last nine characters are omitted, it becomes Three Five Seven Characters. Wang Kunwu argued in "The Art of Drinking in the Tang Dynasty" that Yijing's poem is a work of singing and harmony. Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" may also be a harmonious poem between him and other poets. The three, five, and seven words are restrictions on the remuneration and the format of the poem. This is a general title. When creating specific works, everyone can assign a corresponding poem title based on the content written.

Even if this poem is not a creative work, it is Li Bai who finally established the 335577 pattern as a unique rhetorical figure and even became a fashionable poetry style.

This is not only because he drew on and summarized the experience of many people in applying the three-five-seven-character sentence pattern, but also benefited from his practical experience in using this format flexibly in his own song creation. Therefore, his "Three-Five-Seven Phrase" can express The mournful sound enhances the rhythm, and is as sad as the complicated strings (Volume 8 of "Tang and Song Poems"). Songs of Autumn Wind

Liu Che Songs of Autumn Wind

The autumn wind blows and white clouds fly, the grass and trees turn yellow and the wild geese return south.

The orchids are beautiful and the chrysanthemums are fragrant. I cannot forget the beautiful woman I am pregnant with.

The floating boats are coming to the Fen River, and the waves are flowing across the middle.

The flutes and drums are singing, and the music is singing, and there is great joy and much sadness.

How can you be old when you are young?

Translation and annotation

1. Orchid and chrysanthemum: compared with beautiful women.

2. Show: This refers to color.

3. Fragrance: the fragrance of flowers.

4. Building ship: a large ship on which a building is built.

5. Fen River: Originates from Ningwu, Shanxi, flows southwest to Hejin and joins the Yellow River southwest.

6. 湣: oar. This refers to the boat.

Appreciation

The autumn wind blows and white clouds fly, and the grass and trees fall yellow. The wild geese are classified as the first layer, highlighting the characteristics of the season. The autumn air is clear, and a few white clouds are flying in the sky. The rows of wild geese are chirping and returning to the south. The leaves on the earth are falling and the grass and trees are withered and yellow. It is late autumn. These two sentences describe the scenery, have colorful images, and a sense of flow. They are natural and easy to read, and the sentence structure is very tight and capable. The combination of the verbs of rising, flying, falling, and returning makes people feel like they are changing things. sense of urgency. Since then, Cao Cao's poems such as the bleak autumn wind, the cold weather, the falling grass and trees turning to frost, and the Tang poems about the autumn wind blowing white clouds, and the thousands of miles crossing the river and Fen, etc., are all inspired by "Autumn Wind Ci", and have a certain relationship of inheritance and reference.

In the third and fourth sentences, orchids are beautiful and chrysanthemums are fragrant. When you are pregnant with a beautiful woman, you can’t forget it as the second layer. It is the author’s association with the scene and the central idea. People taste. Spring orchids and autumn chrysanthemums are in their prime, and the author's interest and mentality in viewing them can be seen. Then the author's appreciation of flowers and trees triggered his nostalgia for the beautiful woman. This kind of empathy from things to people is a commonly used technique in Chinese classical literary works. For example, in Qu Yuan's "Li Sao", the sun and the moon suddenly do not flood it. The order of spring and autumn. But the vegetation is scattered, fearing the beauty's twilight. The beautiful woman is not limited to the literal meaning, it can also include the author's pursuit of career, just like Qu Yuan used beauty as a metaphor for his own ideal of nobility. No wonder Shen Deqian had to comment on the four remaining words of "Li Sao" after reading it.

In the fifth, sixth and seventh sentences, the boat is floating on the Fen River, and the waves are flowing across the middle. The third level is the sound of flutes and drums and singing, which is a vivid depiction of the current during rafting. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and his ministers paid homage to the earth behind the temple, they crossed the Fen River in a boat and saw white water waves rolling in the center of the river. At this time, there was a feast on the boat, flutes and drums were playing, musicians and singers were singing Singing and dancing, it echoes up and down with the sound of the boatman rowing a boat, which is endless. Each sentence at this level contains two verbs, which are arranged in sequence: pan, ji, horizontal, yang, ming, and fa. The lively scene of Xin Ran is painted with rich sounds and emotions, ready to be expressed.

8 or 9 lines: There is great joy but there is much sadness. How can we grow old when we are young? The fourth level is the author’s deep emotion during this trip to the east of the river, where he experienced great joy and sorrow. After excessive joy, it brings a sad mood. Youth is hard to come back, and old age is approaching, so we have to enjoy ourselves in time. This ideological conclusion after describing the natural scenery still does not get rid of the low mood of ancient poets and poets. Just like Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty himself, he not only pacified Nanyue, denounced the Xiongnu, promoted Taixue, and admired Confucianism, but also worshiped gods and invited alchemists. Due to excessive expropriation and expropriation, the number of refugees increased, and thieves branched out (see "Han Shu"). "Volume 46 "Shi Qing Biography"), so this "Autumn Wind Ci" not only has many natural and smooth lines that make people recite unforgettable lines, but also sighs the emptiness of the short life. Autumn Wind Yin

Liu Yuxi Autumn Wind Yin

Where does the autumn wind come? Xiaoxiao sends the wild geese off.

When a visitor enters the garden tree, the solitary visitor is the first to smell it.

Translation and annotations

The autumn wind blew from nowhere and sent away the wild geese in the rustling wind. In the early morning, the autumn wind blew the trees in the garden, and the leaves rustled.

Although the coming and going of the autumn wind is nowhere to be seen, the invisible autumn wind is clearly all over the garden. Coming to my ears, the lonely traveler was the first to hear the sound of autumn wind.

1. To: arrive.

2. Xiao Xiao: describes the sound of the wind blowing the trees.

3. Wild geese: a group of wild geese.

4. Guke: a lonely stranger.

5. Wen: hear. Appreciation

Liu Yuxi lived a long period of relegated life in the remote south; this poem may have been written in the relegated place, and it touched the heart of the lonely guest because the autumn wind blew and the geese flew south. The content of the poem is actually what Jiang Yan said in the first two sentences of the poem "The Master Has No Complaints about Farewell". The northwest autumn wind has arrived, and Chu's guest's heart is leisurely; but the poet did not spend too much time on the guest's heart, but galloped hundreds of millions of poems on the autumn wind.

The poem takes the autumn wind as its title; in the first sentence, where does the autumn wind come? The question is swaying, and through this sudden and erratic question, it also shows that the autumn wind does not know where it is coming. Characteristics that come suddenly. If we further explore its subtext, this question may also imply the meaning of resentment against autumn. It is not familiar with the spring breeze in Li Bai's "Spring Thoughts". The sentence "What's the matter in Luo Gu" has different tunes but the same meaning. Of course, the autumn wind comes with no trace and is omnipresent. Where it comes from and where it comes is beyond question. Although it is uttered as a question, the poet's true meaning is not to get to the bottom of the matter. Next, he opens up his poem and writes about the sound of the wind that the ears hear and the sound that the eyes see with the wind. The coming flock of geese. In this way, the invisible wind is transformed into an audible and visible scene, thereby vividly writing the unknown autumn wind into the poem.

Taken together, the first two lines of this poem may be derived from Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" where the wind is rustling and the trees are rustling, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's "Autumn Wind Ci" where the autumn wind rises and white clouds fly, and the grass and trees fall yellow as the wild geese return south. . Wei Yingwu's poem "Wen Yan" can be combined with these two poems: Where is my hometown? It’s a leisurely time to return to your thoughts. On an autumn rainy night in Huainan, Gaozhai heard the arrival of wild geese. But in Wei's poems, I feel things and use emotions to understand the scenery. He first writes about thinking about things, and then writes about hearing about wild geese. Shen Deqian pointed out in "Collection of Tang Poems" that when written this way, it is deeply emotional. If it were reversed, it would become an ordinary work that ordinary people can write. However, poetry has no fixed rules and cannot be adhered to. The first two lines of the poem "Introduction to the Autumn Wind" describe the beginning of the autumn wind and the arrival of wild geese from the south. This is exactly the content of the last two lines of Wei's poem, which is exactly what Wei's poem is said in reverse. It is written in the distance, written in the sky, from opposite to the person who hears the wild geese thinking about their return, and creates a scene based on the autumn wind sending the wild geese away. As for the content of the first two sentences of Wei's poem, I left it to the end of the chapter.

In the last two lines of the poem, the solitary guest is the first to hear the morning entering the garden tree. He moves the brush strokes from the geese in the autumn sky to the garden tree on the ground, and then focuses on the leisurely feeling of being alone in a foreign land and thinking about it. Chu Ke, from far to near, changing the scenery step by step. The sentence "Chaolai" not only inherits the arrival of the autumn breeze from the first sentence, but also inherits the rustling sound of the second sentence. It is not an answer but seems to be an answer to the question at the beginning of the article. It shows that although the coming and going of the autumn wind is nowhere to be found, it is attached to other things and exists everywhere. At this moment, the wind is shaking the trees in the courtyard and the leaves are rustling, and the invisible autumn wind is clearly close to the courtyard and coming to the ears. At this point in the poem, the autumn wind as the title of the poem has been fully described, and three-quarters of the length has been used up. However, the person in the poem has not yet appeared, and the feelings in the scene have not yet been highlighted. It’s not until the last sentence that the finishing touch comes, saying that the autumn wind has been heard by solitary travelers. Here, if we connect with the author's other poem "The First Smell of the Autumn Wind", in which two sentences from "Five Nights of Sleeping in the Pillow and One Year's Face in the Mirror" can be used as a supplementary explanation of the smell. Of course, as a solitary guest, he would not only be saddened by the passage of time due to the change in appearance, but one can also imagine his feelings of being away and longing for home.

These comments all praised the conclusion for its twists and turns and implicit meaning, leaving readers with a depth to ponder. However, as mentioned before, there is no fixed method for poetry. Although this conclusion is wonderful in its twist, there are also wonderful things in its directness. Su Ting wrote a poem called "Autumn Surprises on Fen": The north wind blows white clouds, and thousands of miles cross the river Fen. My mood is shaking, and the sound of autumn cannot be heard. Here, from the perspective of the whole poem, it must be said that it is inaudible, so as to blend in with its desolate and generous artistic conception and high-pitched and vigorous style. The two concluding sentences have similar content. One uses a curved pen and the other uses a straight pen, but each has its own unique charm. By contrast, one can understand the poetic method. Liu Yuxi The Autumn Wind

"The Autumn Wind"

Author: Liu Yuxi

Original text:

Where does the autumn wind come? Xiaoxiao sends the wild geese off.

When a visitor enters the garden tree, the solitary visitor is the first to smell it.

Notes:

1. To: to.

2. Xiaoxiao: describes the sound of the wind blowing the trees.

3. Wild geese: a group of wild geese.

4. Guke: a lonely stranger.

5. Wen: hear.

Translation:

The autumn wind blew from nowhere,

sending away the wild geese in the rustling wind.

In the early morning, the autumn wind blew the trees in the garden, and the leaves rustled.

Although the coming and going of the autumn wind is nowhere to be seen,

the invisible autumn wind is clearly already in the garden.

Coming to my ears,

The lonely traveler was the first to hear the sound of autumn wind.

Appreciation:

Liu Yuxi once lived a long period of relegated life in the remote south; this poem was written in the relegated place, and it touched the heart of the lonely guest because of the autumn wind and the flying geese. Heart. The content of the poem is actually what Jiang Yan said in the first two sentences of the poem "The Master Xiu's Farewell". When the northwest autumn wind arrives, Chu's guest's heart is leisurely; but the poet did not spend too much time on the guest's heart, but galloped poetically on the autumn wind.

The poem takes the autumn wind as its title; in the first sentence, where does the autumn wind come? The question is swaying, and through this sudden and erratic question, it also shows that the autumn wind does not know where it is coming. Characteristics that come suddenly. If we further explore its subtext, this question may also imply the meaning of resentment against autumn, which is not familiar with the spring breeze in Li Bai's "Spring Thoughts". The sentence "What's the matter in Luo Gu" has different tunes but the same meaning. Of course, the autumn wind comes with no trace and is omnipresent. Where it comes from and where it comes is beyond question. Although it is uttered as a question, the poet's true meaning is not to get to the bottom of the matter. Next, he opens up his poem and writes about the sound of the wind that the ears hear and the sound that the eyes see with the wind. The coming flock of geese. In this way, the invisible wind is transformed into an audible and visible scene, thereby vividly writing the unknown autumn wind into the poem.

Taken together, the first two lines of the poem may be derived from Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" The wind is rustling and the trees are rustling, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's "Autumn Wind Ci" The autumn wind is blowing and white clouds are flying, and the grass and trees are yellowing and the wild geese are returning south. . Wei Yingwu's poem "Wen Yan" can be combined with these two poems: Where is my hometown? It is a leisurely time to return to your thoughts. On an autumn rainy night in Huainan, Gaozhai heard the arrival of wild geese. But in Wei's poems, I feel things and use emotions to understand the scenery. He first writes about thinking about things, and then writes about hearing about wild geese. Shen Deqian pointed out in "Collection of Tang Poems" that when written in this way, it is deeply emotional. If it is reversed, it will become an ordinary work that ordinary people can write. However, poetry has no fixed rules and cannot be adhered to. The first two lines of the poem "Introduction to the Autumn Wind" describe the arrival of the autumn wind and the arrival of wild geese from the south. This is exactly the content of the last two lines of Wei's poem, which is exactly what Wei's poem is said in reverse. It is written in the distance, written in the sky, from opposite to the person who hears the wild geese thinking about their return, and creates a scene based on the autumn wind sending the wild geese away. As for the content of the first two sentences of Wei's poem, I left it to the end of the chapter.

At this point in the poem, the autumn wind that is the title of the poem has been fully written, and three-quarters of the length has been used up. However, the person in the poem has not yet appeared, and the feelings in the scenery have not yet been highlighted. It’s not until the last sentence that the finishing touch comes, saying that the autumn wind has been heard by solitary travelers. Here, if we connect with the author's other poem "The First Smell of the Autumn Wind", in which two sentences from "Five Nights of Sleeping in the Pillow and One Year's Face in the Mirror" can be used as a supplementary explanation of the smell. Of course, as a solitary guest, he would not only be saddened by the passage of time due to the change in appearance, but one can also imagine his feelings of being away and longing for home.

What this poem mainly wants to express is actually the feeling of traveling and the longing for home, but the beauty is that it does not write from the front, and always only writes about the autumn wind. At the end of the poem, although the solitary guest is introduced , and only wrote about it until he heard the autumn wind. As for his reflection on his journey, the first two words are used to express it. As Li Yong said in "The Book of Poetry", these two words convey the spirit of the lonely guest, making the infinite feelings beyond words. It is said that when the autumn wind blows against the trees in the courtyard, everyone can hear it at the same time, and there should be no distinction in order. But Gu Ke was the first to hear it. As you can imagine, he has special sensitivity to timing and phenology. As for the reason why he was so sensitive, Tang Ruxun explained in "Interpretation of Tang Poems": The heart of a solitary guest falls before it falls, so he is the first to hear about it. This is the explanation for smelling first. Zhong Xing also pointed out in "Return of Tang Poems": It is not said that it is unbearable to hear, but it is said that it is heard first, and the meaning of the language is profound. Shen Deqian also said in "Collection of Tang Poems": If it is said to be unsound, it is shallow. These comments all praised the conclusion for its twists and turns and implicit meaning, leaving readers with a depth to ponder. However, as mentioned before, there is no fixed method for poetry. Although this conclusion is wonderful in its twist, there are also wonderful things in its directness. Su Ting wrote a poem called "Autumn Surprises on Fen": The north wind blows white clouds, and thousands of miles cross the river Fen. The mood is shaken every time, and the sound of autumn cannot be heard. Here, from the perspective of the whole poem, it must be said that it is inaudible, so as to blend in with its desolate and generous artistic conception and high-pitched and vigorous style. The two concluding sentences have similar content. One uses a curved pen and the other uses a straight pen, but each has its own unique charm. By contrast, one can understand the poetic method.