The evolution of Chinese characters in China: Oracle Bone Inscriptions, inscriptions on bronze, seal script, official script, cursive script, regular script and running script. These seven fonts are called "seven Chinese characters". Chinese characters, also known as Chinese characters, Chinese characters and square characters, belong to morpheme syllables of ideographic characters. Chinese characters are the written language of China people.
1, Oracle Bone Inscriptions
Oracle Bone Inscriptions is an ancient script in China, which mainly refers to the script carved on tortoise shells or animal bones by the royal family in the late Shang Dynasty in China. It is the earliest mature Chinese character that we can see, and it is also the earliest known systematic carrier of Shang Dynasty characters in China and East Asia. It was first discovered by Wang.
Oracle Bone Inscriptions is written on tortoise shells and animal bones. It was unearthed in Xiaotun Village, Anyang, Henan Province, because it was once the capital of Shang King Pan Geng to Di Xin in the late Shang Dynasty, which was called "Yin" in history. The Shang Dynasty destroyed the country and became a ruin. Later generations named it "Yin Ruins". Therefore, Oracle Bone Inscriptions is also called "Yin Ruins".
2. Jinwen
The inscriptions on bronzes in Yin and Zhou Dynasties are also called Zhong Dingwen. Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the bronze age, with the tripod as the representative ritual vessel and the bell as the representative musical instrument. "Zhong Ding" was synonymous with bronze ware.
Bronze inscription is a writing form of ancient Chinese characters in China. Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States. There are four kinds of inscriptions on bronze, namely Shang Dynasty (about 1300 BC to about 1046 BC), Western Zhou Dynasty (about 1046 BC to 77 BC1year) and Eastern Zhou Dynasty (about 770 BC to 222 BC).
3. Xiao zhuan
Xiao Zhuan is a simplified character evolved from Da Zhuan, and it is also the product of large-scale standardization of Chinese characters by administrative means for the first time in China history.
After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he felt that the national writing was complicated and the style of writing was different, so he put forward the idea of "the same language is not named" and unified the writing and style. Qin Shihuang asked Lisi, who was good at calligraphy, to write a ghost. Therefore, Xiao Zhuan is also called "Qin Zhuan".
4. Official script
Official script is a common solemn font style in Chinese characters. It is generally believed that it is developed from seal script, with wide and flat font, long horizontal painting and short vertical painting, and pays attention to "swallow tail of silkworm head" and "twists and turns".
Official script is also called "official character" and "ancient book". It is a font produced on the basis of seal script to meet the needs of convenient writing. The seal script is simplified, and the uniform circle lines of the seal script are changed into straight strokes, which is convenient for writing. This is a font created in prison, which can be divided into "Qin Li" (also known as "Guli") and "Han Li" (also known as "Lishu"). The appearance of Lishu is a great change in ancient writing and calligraphy.
5, cursive script
Cursive script is a font in China's calligraphy, which has the characteristics of simple structure and continuous strokes.
The early cursive script broke the strict rules of official script and was a hasty writing. It's called Cao Zhang. Cao Zhang is an elegant cursive style, which combines early cursive and Han Li. Its waves are distinct, the strokes are connected in waves, the characters are independent, the glyphs are all over the square, and the strokes are horizontal. Cao Zhang was the most popular in the Han and Wei Dynasties, but it was revived in the Yuan Dynasty and transformed into the Ming Dynasty.
6. Regular script
Regular script is a common handwritten font style in China's calligraphy, and it is a modern popular handwritten Chinese character.
The appearance of regular script follows closely Han Li's composition and pursues the further development of formal beauty. During the Three Kingdoms period at the end of Han Dynasty, the writing of Chinese characters gradually changed from wave to wave, and became "left" (dot), "sweep" (long left), "peck" (short left) and "lift" (straight hook). Such as Wuwei medical bamboo slips and Juyan Han bamboo slips.
7. Running script
Running script is developed and originated on the basis of regular script, and it is a font between regular script and cursive script, which is divided into running script and cursive script.
Running script is a writing style between regular script and cursive script. Write more freely and smoothly, and those close to cursive script are called cursive script; The writing is relatively correct and stable, close to the standard of regular script. In the process of writing, the brush strokes are obviously manifested in various forms of stippling. This kind of brushwork often leaves a delicate trace between stippling and words, which is silk connection.