Author: Li Bai
Oh, but it's very high and dangerous!
The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky!
Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age.
Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai.
And Dabaishan, to the west, still has only one bird path, all the way to the peak of Emei.
Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked.
On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel.
Such a height is difficult for a yellow crane, poor monkey, they only have claws to use.
The Green Mud Mountain is made up of many circles. For every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound.
Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned.
We doubt whether this path to the west will never end. It is too steep to climb.
Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird.
When I arrived, I heard cuckoo's melancholy cry again. I was worried about the dangers of the empty mountain and the Shu Road, and it was difficult to get to the sky!
Even hearing it makes your cheeks pale.
The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface.
Flying rapids and waterfalls compete to make noise, slap cliffs and turn stones into mountains and canyons.
You've come a long way at all risks!
Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it.
What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? .
There are hungry tigers in the daytime, and there are poisonous reptiles at night. Their teeth and fangs are ready to kill people like hemp.
Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon.
The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! Look sideways to the west, it's getting longer.
Translation: Ah! How steep and high! The Shu Road is even harder to walk, even harder than the sky. The two kings and yufu of Shu state, how vague their founding is. After that, it took 48,000 years to get in touch with the people of Qin. The Taibai mountain is blocked, and there is only a bird path. Birds can cross the top of Mount Emei. It was not until the earth sank and the mountain collapsed that all the strong men were crushed to death that the ladder was connected with the stone pile. There is the highest peak that even the six dragons pulling carts have to bend around, and below it is a wave vortex that is high and splashing. The flying yellow crane still can't fly over, and the ape wants to go over, fearing that there is no place to climb. Ni Qingshan twists and turns, and there are many bends in a short journey, winding around the summit. Hold your breath, reach out and touch the stars, touch your chest and sigh. When will you come back from your westward journey? Terrible road, steep rocks are hard to climb. I saw birds screaming and moaning in the ancient forest, and females and males flying around in the forest. Listening to the cuckoo crow on a moonlit night is sad. It is sad to hear that Shu Dao is harder to walk than Heaven Dao. The continuous peaks are less than a foot from the sky, and the withered pine trees hang upside down on the steep cliffs. The rapids and waterfalls rushed down noisily and hit the cliff, making the stones roll and make a thunderous sound. A close call. Why did you come here? Jiange is steep, rugged and steep. One person keeps the pass, but ten thousand people cannot open it. If the gatekeeper is unreliable, he becomes a jackal in power. Avoid tigers in the morning, beware of snakes at night, bite your teeth and suck human blood. The number of people killed is unknown. Although Jincheng is a happy place, it is better to go home. The Shu road is harder to walk, even harder than the sky. I turned to the west and let out a long sigh.
2. Compulsory Language for Senior One 3 "Difficult Road to Shu" Exercise 4 This poem was written by Li Baichu when he came to Chang 'an in the early years of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty.
"Difficulties in Shu Road" is an ancient theme of Yuefu. He developed a rich imagination about it, focused on describing the wonderful and breathtaking mountains and rivers on Qin Shu Road, and revealed some worries and worries about society. Poets generally follow the clues from ancient times to the present, from Qin to Shu, and describe them by grasping the landscape characteristics of various places to show the difficulty of Shu Dao.
From "eh?" Go to "Then ladder and crib link" as the paragraph. At the beginning, he spoke highly of the difficulty of Shu Dao and pointed out the theme with strong emotion, which laid the tone for the whole poem.
With the ups and downs of feelings and the changes of natural scenery, the chant of "it is difficult to get through the Shu Road and get to the sky" appears repeatedly, like the main theme of a piece of music, which touches the readers' heartstrings. Why is Shu Dao more difficult than Tian Dao? This is because since ancient times, Qin and Shu have been separated by mountains. From Qin to Shu, Taibai Peak bears the brunt, and only birds flying high can fly low.
Taibai Peak, located in the southwest of Xianyang, Qin Dou, is the highest peak in Guanzhong area. There is a saying among the people that "martial arts are too white, and three hundred miles reach the sky."
The poet wrote an insurmountable obstacle in history with exaggerated pen and ink, which blended into the myth of Wuding Mountain and touched the magical color, just like the overture of a movement, which was fascinating and magical. The following is a description of the high danger of Shu Dao.
From a height, such as on a high flag, six dragons drove the sun to the point where even hearing its pale cheeks was another passage. This paragraph describes the high risk of this mountain. The more complete the mountain is, the harder the road is.
Look at that abrupt mountain, towering high in the sky, blocking the operation of the sun god; At the foot of the mountain is a choppy and winding river. Poets not only combine exaggeration with myth, but also describe mountains and heights, and are lined with the risk of "returning to Sichuan"
Only its water risk, but also its mountain high risk. The poet's meaning is not enough, and he compares it with that of an ape.
The mountain is so high that even the yellow crane flying thousands of miles away can't fly, and the agile ape is worried that he can't climb it. It goes without saying that it is even more difficult for people to walk. The above is the foil of layers of imaginary writing, and the following is a detailed description of the difficulty of clearing the spirit.
Qingniling, "Wan Ren on the Cliff, Cloudy and Rainy" (Yuanhe County Records), is the main road for people in Shu in the Tang Dynasty. The poet focuses on the entanglement of the peak road and the steepness of the mountain, showing the hardships and fears of pedestrians, and capturing detailed actions such as wandering on the ridge, touching the stars, breathing nervously, touching the chest and sighing. In a few words, he vividly described the difficult steps and expressions of fear of pedestrians, and the situation of being trapped and dangerous was like this.
At this point, the difficulty of Shu Dao seems to have been written to the extreme. However, when the poet turned his pen, he used "ask the gentleman" to draw out his travel worries, and with a low melody, he brought the reader into a realm of desolate ancient trees and sad birds.
The cuckoo is ringing in the empty valley, full of sadness, which makes people feel pale and more difficult to escape from the road. The poet used the scenery to express his feelings, and used natural landscapes with strong feelings such as "sad birds, ancient trees" and "Zigui Strip" to render the worries of traveling and the empty and desolate environment on the Shu Road, which effectively set off the difficulties of the Shu Road.
However, the winding Shu Road has a more magical scenery. From "barely one foot below the highest cliff in the sky" to the end of the whole article, it mainly reveals the difficulty of Shu Dao from the danger of mountains and rivers, and tries to render a thrilling atmosphere.
If "the sky is high and the rocks are low" is a boast of the height of mountain peaks, then "the dry pine hanging from the cliff surface" is a danger of causing precipice. The poet first showed the high risk of the mountain, then turned from static to static, and wrote the thrilling scene of water and stone stirring and valley roaring.
Like a series of focal planes: at first, it is a distant view of rolling mountains and continuous peaks; Then gently push it into a close-up of dead pine hanging upside down; Then, followed by a group of fast shots, speeding rapids, waterfalls, cliffs and rocks. With the sound of thousands of valleys and thunder, it flashed quickly from the eyes, which was amazing and dizzying, thus causing overwhelming artistic effects and making the description of Shu Road difficult to reach its peak. If the high risk of the mountains above is daunting, then the mountains and rivers here are even more thrilling.
The scenery is changing and there are many dangers. In a very thrilling atmosphere, I finally wrote the Jiange fortress in the middle of Shu. There is a 30-mile plank road between Dajianshan and Xiaojian Mountain. The peaks are like swords, standing tall, cutting walls like doors, forming a natural fortress.
Because of its dangerous terrain, it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. Historically, there were many people who claimed to be kings here. The poet described a political situation from the danger of Jiange.
He used the phrase "If you win, it's not suitable for bandits' relatives to live in" in Zhang Zai's Ming of Jiange in the Western Jin Dynasty to advise people to take warning and be alert to the occurrence of war. In connection with the social background at that time, he revealed that "he bared his teeth and claws, and Sichuan jackal killed people like hemp", thus expressing his anxiety and concern about state affairs. In the early years of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, there was a crisis lurking behind the peaceful and prosperous times, and the Anshi Rebellion that happened later proved that the poet's worries were of practical significance.
Li Bai vividly described the dangers of Shu Dao with unpredictable brushwork, artistically expressed the winding, majestic, lofty and rough face of ancient Shu Dao, and described a colorful landscape painting. The touching scene in this poem seems very vivid.
Li Bai's description is so touching because of the romanticism that runs through it. The poet sends his feelings to the mountains and rivers.
He is not indifferent to the natural scenery, but enthusiastically praises it to express his ideal feelings. Surging water and dangerous peaks and valleys endow the poet with emotional temperament, thus showing a flying soul and a magnificent posture.
Poets are good at combining imagination, exaggeration and myths and legends to write scenery and express feelings. The mountain height is called "high, such as on the Gao Qi, where six dragons drive the sun"; Obstacles in the shape of roads are called "once broken by earthquakes, lost by brave people, and then connected by ladders and stone piles" ... The poet "galloped away from the wind and clouds and lashed Haiyue" (Lu Shiyong's evaluation of the seven sentences of Li Bai's ancient saying in "A General Theory of Poetry and Mirrors"), from the creation of silkworm clusters to the creation of mountains in Wuding, from the return of six dragons to the night cry of Zigui, and it was unconstrained and unconstrained.
Through the spectacular scenery of mountains and rivers, I seem to see the tall image of the poet "shaking the five mountains with pen and laughing proudly at Cangzhou". Before the Tang Dynasty, Shu Daonan's works were short and pithy.
Li Bai creatively developed the ancient poems of Dongfu, and extensively used prose poems, ranging from three words, four words, five words, seven words to eleven words, with uneven levels and uneven length, forming a very unrestrained language.
3. Difficult training of Shu Dao and vernacular translation of answers
Calligraphy work Shu Dao Nan
Alas, how noble and majestic! The Shu Road is so difficult to climb that it is almost impossible to go to heaven.
Legend has it that Can Cong and Yufu established Shu, and the founding date is too long to discuss in detail. After that, about 48,000 years, Qin and Shu were separated by the Qinling Mountains and did not communicate with each other. There are paths that birds can cross in Taibai Mountain in the west. You can cross the top of Mount Emei from that path. The five strong men of Shu were crushed to death by the landslide, and the ladder and plank roads between the two places began to connect.
There is a mountain top that blocks the six dragon cars of the sun god, and a steep wave drains back to the tortuous Dachuan. The yellow crane who is good at flying high can't fly. Even if he wants to climb over, he is worried that he can't climb up. How does the winding Qingniling hover around the mountain, and the surrounding rocks turn nine times within a hundred steps. You can touch the stars, hold your breath, touch your chest with your hands and sigh in vain.
Good friend, when will you return your westward journey? The terrible rocky mountain plank road is really difficult to climb! I saw sad birds wailing on the ancient trees, and both sexes flew between the virgin forests. What I heard on the moonlit night was the sad cry of the cuckoo, which made me sad. What a desolate empty mountain! It's hard to walk on the Shu Road. It is difficult to go to the sky. Why don't people suddenly change their faces when they hear this?
The peaks are connected together, less than a foot from the sky; The withered old branches hung upside down and got stuck between the cliffs. Swirls and waterfalls scramble to make noise; Water and stones collide and rotate, just like a thousand valleys are thundering. This place is so bad and dangerous that it has come to this; Alas, you are a long-distance guest, 62616964757a68696416fe59b9e7ad94313343623165. Why did you come to this dangerous place?
The land of Jiange is towering into the sky, and it is difficult to attack as long as one person guards a thousand troops. If the accredited official is not a close relative of the royal family; Being a jackal is inevitable, and this is not rebellion.
In the morning, you should be afraid to avoid tigers, and at night, you should be alert to the disaster of long snakes. Sharp teeth, wolves, tigers and leopards, are really annoying, and snakes and beasts kill people like hemp, which makes people tremble with fear. Although Jinguancheng is said to be a happy place, it is better to return to China as soon as possible, because it is too dangerous here. The Shu road is too difficult to walk, and it is almost impossible to go to heaven. Looking sideways to the west makes people feel sorry and sigh! [2] [5]
I don't know what hollow training is, but I found a translation.
4. A question about "Difficulties in Shu Dao" in the fourth compulsory course of Grade One Chinese, 1. This Yuefu poem is mainly composed of seven words, but there are many miscellaneous sentences. Try to divide the rhythm with examples and talk about what role they have played in the style of this poem. Dialysis: There are many prose poems in this poem, and the rhythm is changeable, such as: ① Alas, alas, the danger is endless/lofty! The difficulty/difficulty/difficulty/clarity of Shu Dao! (2) Have/Six Dragons/Return to Yang/High Standard, Have/Surf/Reverse/Return to Sichuan.
(3) the risk is also/so, well/far/people/hu/come! 4 Jiange/Zheng Rong/II/Cui Wei, and while one man guards it, ten thousand cannot force it. They are poems that the poet can't help but blurt out when describing the extremely dangerous mountains, waters and roads of Shu.
Such prose poems are mixed with ups and downs, which show the poet's passionate feelings and form a bold and elegant style of poetry. 2. "It is difficult to go to the sky!" What does this poem mean? What will it do if it appears three times? Dialysis: This sentence is the main theme of the whole poem, which greatly exaggerates the difficulties of Shu Dao: Shu Dao is steep and difficult to travel, the environment is horrible and sinister, and social crisis lurks.
The poet creatively inherited the repetition form commonly used in ancient folk songs since the Book of Songs, which made this sentence appear with the ups and downs of feelings and the changes of natural scenery. For the first time, from the beginning of the poem, the theme was pointed out with strong emotional exclamation, which laid a magnificent tone for the whole poem and dominated the whole article from the content.
The middle appeared after describing the steep and dangerous road and the horrible and sad feeling of the journey, which is the embodiment of the poet's restless and uncontrollable feelings. Finally, it appeared at the end of the poem, which was a deep sigh for Sichuan's sinister mountains and rivers and sinister society.
In short, the main sentence appears in the place where it has to appear every time, running through it, pushing the content deeper and deeper, making people relaxed and sighing. 3. What are the passionate emotions and bold and elegant artistic styles of this poem? Dialysis: First, it is manifested in the use of exaggeration.
The poet exaggerated the ancient seclusion of Shu with "48,000 years old". The yellow crane flew in, and the ape worried about climbing, exaggerating the difficulty of Shu Dao; Exaggerate the twists and turns of the mountain road with a hundred steps and ten percent discount; Exaggerate the height of the mountain peak with "six dragons return to the sun", "heaven is not full of feet" and "walking the well" The second is the application of folklore and myth.
The poet used the myth and legend of how to ride six dragons to carry the sun god to show the preciseness of the wall on Shu Road, and the legend of Wuding Mountain to show the struggle between man and nature in the process of digging Shu Road, showing the strong desire of working people to transform nature and the great power to create the world. Third, it is reflected in the author's rich imagination.
With the help of magical imagination, the author imagines that six dragons will return to Japan, they will visit wells, and they will feel sad on the way, which casts a magical color on the whole poem. Fourthly, the extraordinary rhythm and melody formed by the prose sentences in this poem.
4. What does a passage about Jiange contain? Talk about the poet's intention of writing this way in connection with the background of the times at that time. Dialysis: this paragraph describes that Jiange is easy to defend but difficult to attack, which is the situation of the gateway in central Sichuan: it is afraid that the defenders in Sichuan will become separatist forces; Reflections on the Sichuan War Disaster: This is a warning to those who go to Shu to live.
At that time, many festivals occupied important places, and the most concentrated saint An Lushan was armed to the teeth. The author writes about the danger of Jiange, the fierce battle in Sichuan, aiming at warning and satirizing the rulers to pay attention to the hidden crisis under the peaceful scene.
Later "An Shi Rebellion" and later "Fan Li's separatist regime" fully showed how far-reaching the poet's worries were. 5. What is the structure and idea of this poem? Dialysis: Introduction: The main idea of the sentence is: Qin → Shu.
Ancient → present. Objective → subjective.
Nature → society. This is a Yuefu poem, which is mainly composed of seven words, but there are many miscellaneous sentences with changeable rhythm, similar to prose syntax.
Try to divide the rhythm of the following poems, read them several times and talk about their role in the style of this poem. 1. Eh, high risk! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, but far below, the river lashes its twisted channel.
3. You have come a long way in spite of many dangers! Although the bunker is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it. In view of the long length and difficult content of this poem, it is not suitable for students to recite it at the beginning of teaching, so the topic is designed first and the recitation exercise is put at the end, which is different from the rest of this unit.
The purpose is to make students adapt to the change of the rhythm of this poem and read it with a little charm. Don't read some sentences as prose, which is very necessary to understand the poet's passionate feelings and elegant style. This poem is a miscellaneous poem, but it is obviously different from the works of other miscellaneous poets and Li Bai's miscellaneous works (such as Into the Wine, Liang and Lu Shan Ge).
The difference is that if viewed in isolation, some of these sentences (such as those listed in the exercise) are indeed prose sentences. But we don't call them that, because they are part of the whole poem after all, and they can only be said to be prose poems, or the syntax is similar to prose.
Of course, this is not optional. Without Li Bai's spirit and talent, it can't be controlled. Reference answer: 1. Alas,/danger/height! Shudao/difficult, but difficult/to the sky! ("Sorrow" is a compound interjection, which must be read in one breath without stopping.
"Dangerous height" should also be read in one breath, and "Hu" has a sustained sound. "ambition" and "Yu" should be read lightly. )
2. There is a high standard of/Liulong returning to Japan/above, and there is a high standard of/Chongbo reversing/returning to Sichuan below. (""means a very short pause.
"You" reverberates. Light reading of Records. )
It's dangerous/so, why/people from far away are so reckless/come! (After Ye, he died. Table'' has a long pause. )
4. Jiange/Zheng Rong/Hehe, and while one man guards it,/Mokai. ("He" is easy to read. )
These poems seem to be driven by strong feelings, and the poet blurts out, vividly showing the heroic style of the poet. 2. What does it mean in the poem that "it is difficult to get through the Shu Road and it is difficult to go to the sky"? It appeared three times. What's the use? This question aims at appreciating the content of poetry.
The focus is on the former question, and the latter question is a supplement to the former question, that is to say, we can start with the form. Therefore, in practice, we should ask the latter question first, and then analyze the meaning of this sentence. This question is difficult and should not be raised too early.
5. hey, hey! High risk! It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky.
Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age! Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai. In Dabaishan, to the west, there is still only one bird path that can cross Emei.
Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked. On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel.
Such a height is difficult for a yellow crane, poor monkey, they only have claws to use. The Green Mud Mountain is made up of many circles. For every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound.
Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned. We doubt whether this road to the west will never end, and the road of fear, Zen Rock, is unattainable.
Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird. Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain.
It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky, and it turns pale when you smell it. The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface.
The rapids and waterfalls compete with each other, and the flat cliff fossils thunder. If the risk is also.
6. Seek the full-text translation of the classical Chinese "Shu Dao Nan" in senior high school. Oh, it's so high and close! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! Can Cong and Yufu were both emperors of ancient Shu, and their founding was in a state of loss. From ancient times to the present, Qin and Shu have never been inhabited. There is only one route for birds to fly on Taibai Mountain in the west, which can lead to the top of Emei Mountain. How many brave people died in the ground fissures and landslides, and then a ladder-like plank road was interlocking. There is a peak in the world that the Japanese will turn back when they drive the train with six dragons, and there is a torrent rushing back to Sichuan. Even the flying yellow crane can't pass, and the ape can't climb if he wants to. Qingniling is on the road, winding around and winding around the mountain. Looking up, I dare not step out of the atmosphere and touch the sky above the starry sky. I had to put my hand on my chest and sigh: "Westbound man, when will you come back?" This terrible Shu Road is really hard to climb! "I only heard the birds whining in the ancient trees, and the females followed the males flying around in the forest. I also heard Zi Gui crying under the moon: "Let's go home! Why don't you go home ... "However, sadness is full of empty mountains. The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! Listening to it will also make people lose their youthful appearance. The mountain peak is connected with the mountain peak, less than a foot away from the sky, and the dead branches of the Millennium hang upside down on the hanging rock. The rapids and waterfalls show their magical powers, shaking the rocks and pushing the boulders around, just like thunder echoing in this vast Qian Shan. " Shu Dao is so dangerous! I'm sorry (you people) came all this way. I wonder why. "The weather in Jianmenguan is unusual, but it is also extremely risky. One guard makes ten thousand people sad. If the gatekeeper is unreliable, he will be a disaster. Pedestrians come here to guard against the attack of tigers in the morning and the plot of snakes at night. They grind their teeth and have to eat meat all the time. They killed thousands of people. " Although Jincheng is a good place, it is better to go home early! "Shu Dao is difficult, and it is difficult to go to the sky! When I set foot on my way home and looked around, I couldn't stop sighing.
Reference:
7. Seeking the full text of Shu Dao Nan —— Appreciation of Li Bai's Shu Dao Nan
Ode to the Difficult Road of Shu
Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa! Such a trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky.
Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age.
Forty-eight thousand years have passed, and no one has crossed the Qin border.
And Dabaishan, to the west, still has only one bird path, which can cross Emei Mountain.
Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked.
On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel.
This height is difficult to climb, even though the yellow crane says that apes are eager to climb.
The Green Mud Mountain is made up of many circles. For every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound.
Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned.
We doubt whether this path to the west will never end. It is too steep to climb.
Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird.
Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain.
This kind of trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky, and even hearing it will make people pale.
The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface.
In a thousand waterfalls, the cliff turned into a stone.
If the risk is the same, people from afar will be called by Hu Weiwei.
Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it.
What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? .
There are scary hungry tigers during the day and poisonous reptiles at night.
With their teeth and fangs, they kill like hemp.
Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon.
Such a trip is more difficult than climbing into the blue sky and looking sideways at the west for a long time.