The forest faces the dock, and the mountains face the mountains. The day is always open to the leisure of spring①. Deep planning and high expectations ②, great responsibility and investment are difficult ③. The skirt is curling, and the wear is Shanshan④. Defend the fortress and guard the pass ⑤. Thousands of miles of dense clouds gather together, and the crescent moon bends ⑥. Uncle Bao, the emperor and his ministers all indulged in indolence, while Chonghua's parents were stubborn. Named Emperor Ji (jī), three Su from Western Shu came to the sun to set; Zhuang traveled to Jingluo, and the two continents of Eastern Wu rose from the clouds ⑧.
① Day Yong: Also known as "Yong Day", a long day.
[Song Dynasty] Lin Bu's poem "Visiting Ma Pengnian during his illness" says: "The empty door in the mountain hides itself, and the day pillow moves frequently."
[Song Dynasty] Li Qingzhao's "Visit" The lyrics of "Drunken Flower Yin": "The mist is thick and the clouds are sad for the eternal day, and the auspicious brain sells the golden beast."
Spring leisure: Winter and spring are the leisure months for farming.
"Hanshu·Liu Banzhuan" says: "With the leisure months in winter and spring, we might as well do farming." There are less leisure months, and people are twice as busy in May. ”
② Shen Shen: that is, “deep planning”, a far-reaching plan.
Ma Qian of the Taishi Company said: "Jia Yi said: 'Foresight and foresight, the way of marching and using troops, are not the same as those of the people in the country.'"
Prestige: Fame and prestige. It is often used to praise the elderly.
"Book of Jin·Jianwen Three Sons' Biography" says: "Yuan Xian satirized the officials' comments and said that he was virtuous and respected. Since he has recorded hundreds of poems, all officials inside and outside should respect him."
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③ It is difficult to make a big investment: It is also called "to make a big investment difficult".
The words come from "Shang Shu·Da Gao" "I have created a heavenly service (I am entrusted by God), and left a great difficulty in my body (the emperor calls himself)". It means that God has entrusted me with a great and arduous responsibility.
Yi and Tou: both mean "to surrender".
④ Niao Niao skirt
Niao Niao: fluttering in the wind.
[Southern Liang Dynasty] Wang Jun's "The Song of the Concubine Chu" says: "Butterflies fly over orchids, and the breeze blows into the green skirt." Pei Shanshan
Shanshan: The voice is crisp and clear Sweet and soothing.
[Tang Dynasty] Bai Juyi's poem "Dancing Songs of Neon Clothes and Feather Clothes" says: "The rainbow robes and rosy hats are shaking the crown (phoenix crown), and the pearls are worn numerously."
[Tang Dynasty] Du Fu's " The poem "Zheng's Prince Consort's Banquet in the Cave" goes: "Since the Qin Tower is pressing down on Zheng Gu, I can hear the sound of wearing clothes." 5. Defending the fortress: Defending the frontier fortress.
"Han Shu·Chao Cuo Zhuan" says: "However, if you order soldiers from far away to guard the fortress and watch them every year, you don't know what the barbarians are capable of. It is better to choose people who live there all the time, work in the family and fields, and be prepared. "
[Southern Song Dynasty] Xie Lingyun's "A Letter to Encourage the Expedition of Hebei" says: "If you ride long distances, the desert will be popular. If you are heavily guarded, the mountains in Hebei will be strong."
Guard the pass: guard the pass.
[Tang Dynasty] Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult" says: "Jiange (the name of the pass) is majestic and Cuiwei. One man can guard the pass, but ten thousand men cannot open it."
⑦ The dense clouds are thousands of miles apart.
This is the translation of the poem "Dusk clouds gather thousands of miles east of the Yangtze River" in Zhu Xihui's "Send to Mr. Li Shi'an, Chen Shuxiang and Er" in the Ming Dynasty.
The crescent moon has a curved hook
This is the use of the poem "The crescent moon has a delicate jade hook" in "Yi Lou" by the Song Dynasty poet Lu You.
⑨ Shubao, the emperor and his ministers all indulged themselves
Chen Shubao, the last emperor of the Chen Kingdom in the Southern Dynasties, had a handsome character and a small character called Huang Nu. He lived a luxurious life. Because the residence was too simple to be used as a golden house to hide the beauty, the three pavilions of Linchun, Jieqi and Wangxian were built in front of Linguang Hall. The pavilion is tens of feet high and stretches for dozens of rooms. It shows the wonders of earth and wood and the ingenuity of man-made work. The windows, walls, and railings are all made of sandalwood and decorated with gold, jade, and pearls. There is a pearl curtain hanging at the door, and there is a treasure bed and treasure tent inside. The clothes are rare and the utensils are magnificent, all of which have never been seen in recent times. Your Excellency built mountains with stones, diverted water into ponds, and planted rare trees and famous flowers. Whenever the breeze blows, the fragrance can be smelled for dozens of miles.
Chen Shubao lived in Linchun Pavilion, Zhang Guifei lived in Jieqi Pavilion, and Gong and Kong concubines lived in Wangxian Pavilion, which was connected by a complex road. There are also beauties Wang and Ji, Zhang and Xue Shuyuan, Yuan Zhaoyi, He Jieyu, Jiang Xiurong and other seven people. They are all lucky because of their talent and beauty, and they take turns to be lucky enough to swim on it.
Zhang Lihua used to dress up in the pavilion, sometimes sitting alone in the pavilion, sometimes leaning on the railing and looking into the distance. Everyone who saw it thought that the fairy was coming to earth, in the misty sky, elusive but beyond reach.
Chen Shubao lives in a high palace and spends his days drinking and drinking without hearing anything about foreign affairs. He also had banquets with his concubines and civil servants, and composed erotic poems such as "Flowers in the Backyard of the Yushu" and "Linchun Le".
He ordered the construction of the Dahuang Temple and built a seven-level pagoda inside. However, before the work was completed, it was burned by fire. The border states and counties reported the news of the Sui invasion to the DPRK. However, the whole court did not take it seriously. Only the servant shot Yuan Xian and asked him to send troops to resist, but his master did not listen.
As the Sui army deepened and the prefectures and counties were in danger one after another, the rear master Shu Bao continued to enjoy himself. He also smiled and said to his attendants: "Qi soldiers came three times, and Zhou divisions came again. They were all defeated and left. What is he doing?" Kong Fan also said: "The natural chasm of the Yangtze River was limited in ancient times and separated the north and the south. How can the Sui army fly across it today? Crossing the river, I ordered you to be the Grand Lieutenant." Some people falsely reported that many of the horses of the Northern Army died on the road. Kong Fan said: "It's a pity that this is my horse, why did it die?" The queen laughed and thought it was true. The king and his ministers were drinking and composing poems as before, as if the threat of national subjugation did not exist.
Soon after, the Sui soldiers invaded Kyoto (now Nanjing) and were captured by the Sui soldiers. The Chen Kingdom was destroyed.
? Chonghua’s parents are naughty
Nian: stupid and stubborn.
The ancient emperor Yu Shun was named Chonghua. Shun's family background was very unfortunate. His mother died, his father was blind, his stepmother was treacherous, and his half-brother named Xiang often bullied him. Once, Shun climbed to the top of the granary to apply mud, and his father set fire to the granary below. But Shun used two bamboo hats to protect himself, and jumped down from the granary as if he had wings. Later, his father asked Shun to dig a well. Shun had dug a secret passage on the well wall leading to somewhere else. When the well was dug deep, his father and his brother poured soil into the well together, hoping to bury Shun alive, but Shun escaped through a secret passage. They thought that Shun would definitely die, but when they saw that Shun was still alive, they said hypocritically: "Where have you gone? We miss you very much." They often tried to harm Shun, but Shun ignored the past and continued as before. Serve your father and love your younger brothers. How much stomach capacity does this require?
⑧? The name moved the emperor's territory, and the three Sus of Western Shu came to Japan
The three Sus refer to Su Xun, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his sons Su Shi and Su Zhe; They are all from Meishan, Sichuan, also known as Xishu people, so they are called "Three Sus of Xishu". Later they were all listed as "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties".
Rixia means the emperor’s feet, and it refers to the capital.
A grand tour of Jingluo, the two continents of Dongwu rise in the clouds
Jingluo: Luoyang, the capital city.
Yunjian: the old name of Songjiang Mansion.
The two brothers Lu Ji and Lu Yun, who were natives of Wu County, Wu County in the Western Jin Dynasty, were the descendants of Wu Xun and Wu Kang, the famous generals of Wu State during the Three Kingdoms period. After Wu's death, he stayed at home and studied hard. In the last years of Taikang, they went to Luoyang together, where their literary talent flourished and they were known as "Erlu" in the world. After the fall of Soochow, they came to Luoyang to engage in politics. He was later killed by Sima Ying, the king of Chengdu. (See "Book of Jin·Biography of Lu Ji")
Imitation and imitation, stinginess and frugality (qiān)①. To seek rebellion against the barbarians②. Loyalty to the liver is to the righteousness of the gallbladder ③, and foggy hair is to the cloud servant girl ④. The burial mound (zhǒnɡ) is located in Lanke Mountain ⑤. The appearance of the moon is opposite to the appearance of the sky ⑥. The dragon lurks and finally leaps, the bird knows it will return when it is tired⑦. The green parrots fly from the long trees, and the partridges are spotted where the Xiangjun crows. Autumn dew crosses the river, Suzi travels to Red Cliff in the bright moon; frozen snow obscures the mountains, Han Gong is embraced by the snow and crosses the Blue Pass⑨.
① stingy: stingy.
[Tang Dynasty] Han Yu's "Ci Sing Sing" said: "If you repatriate a stingy person, you will not frown if you give him a gift."
② To fight against the barbarians: to fight against the rebels and pacify the barbarians.
In the old days, the ethnic minorities in the south were called barbarians. (See the rhyme notes of "Eleven Trues" in this volume)
③? Loyalty to the liver and righteousness to the gallbladder: red gallbladder and loyalty.
[Song Dynasty] Wang Yuanliang's "Fuqiu Taoist Soul-Calling Song" says: "Loyalty, liver, righteousness, and courage cannot be expressed, and we must leave a good example to the world."
④ Misty hair and clouds: also It is used as "phoenix servant girl with foggy temples" to describe women's loose and elegant bun.
[Song Dynasty] Su Shi's poem "Inscribed on Mao Jurchen" says: "The foggy temples, the phoenix and the servant girl's wooden leaf clothes, the mountains and rivers are good, and the people are different from the past."
⑤? Burial pen grave: buried The grave of the pen.
Huai Su, a calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, whose surname was Qian, was a monk, his courtesy name was Zangzhen, and he was from Changsha. He studied hard and was famous for his "crazy cursive" skills. Legend has it that the bald pens he used were piled up and buried at the foot of the mountain, named the "Brush Tomb". (See [Tang Dynasty] Li Zhao's "National History Supplement")
It is also said that Zhiyong, a monk of Yongxin Temple in Wuxing between the Chen and Sui Dynasties, was a famous calligrapher. It is said that he accumulated ten urns of bald pen tips for writing. , and was later buried in a tomb named "Tuibi Tomb". (See [Tang Dynasty] Zhang Huaiguan's "Shu Duan·Seng Zhiyong")
Lanke Mountain
According to myths and legends, Wang Zhi of Jin Dynasty went to Shishi Mountain to chop firewood and saw several boys under the mountain. When playing chess or singing, he put down his ax and listened. The boy gave Wang Zhi something that looked like a date core, and Wang Zhi held it in his mouth without feeling hungry. Not long after, the boy said to Wang Zhi, "Why don't you go home?" Wang Zhi got up and wanted to go home, but when he saw the axe, it was already rotten. When he returned to the village, he found that all the people his own age had passed away. (See [Nan Dynasty Liang] Ren Fang's "Shu Yi Ji")
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⑥ Moon appearance: Describes the beauty's face as plump as the full moon.
[Sui] Mr. Jiang's "Excellent Image Inscription" says: "The clouds in the eyes are like snow on the teeth, and the moon is golden in appearance."
Tianyan: the face of an emperor.
[Tang Dynasty] Du Fu's poem "Zi Chen Palace's Slogan to Retreat from the Dynasty" says: "It is rare to hear the high pavilion hall during the day, and the beauty of the sky is happy, and the ministers know it."
⑦ Long Qian finally made the leap
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"Zhouyi·Qian Gua" says: "On the ninth day of the lunar month, do not use the hidden dragon (a dragon lurking in the water, it is difficult to display its talents for the time being)... On the ninth day of the lunar month, you may leap into the abyss (when the time comes, you may leap into the abyss)" )" is a metaphor for a good environment suitable for heroes to use force.
A tired bird also knows how to return to its nest.
A tired bird also knows how to return to its nest. It is a metaphor for a person who is tired of his official career.
[Jin Dynasty] Tao Qian's "Come Back and Return" says: "The clouds come out of Xiu without intention (the floating clouds float leisurely out of the mountain col), and the birds know when they are tired of flying."
⑧ ? The green parrot flies from the Long tree
The green-feathered parrot comes from Longxi. Green-feathered parrots are mostly found in Longxi, so they are also called "Long birds". The human tongue can speak. This is the poetic interpretation of the poem "Parrots from Longxi go to Jiangdong and raise their mouths gradually red over time" in "Parrot" by Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty.
The partridges have spots where Xiangjun cries.
Concubine Shun’s tears stained the bamboo with spots.
Jun: Another name for bamboo.
This is the quote from the Ming Dynasty Shi Jin's "Xie Guo Sheren's Gift of the Bamboo Staff" "Xiangri (once upon a time. Xiang, Tong'xiang', past days) was stained with the tears of the concubine, and still has partridge spots to this day." The use of poetry.
According to myths and legends, Emperor Shun died during his southern tour and was buried in Cangwu (now Jiuyi Mountain in Hunan). Shun's concubine Ehuang and Nvying missed Emperor Shun and were in great pain. Their tears stained the bamboo, which turned out to be patterned, so it was called "Mottled Bamboo". After the death of the second concubine, she turned into the god of Xiang River, so it is also called "Xiang Fei Bamboo". (See "Shu Yi Ji" by Ren Fang in [Southern Dynasty Liang]) ⑨? Autumn dew crosses the river, Su Zi travels to Red Cliff in the bright moon
Su Shi was an official in Huangzhou, and once went boating to Red Cliff with his guests on a moonlit night. He wrote in "Ode to the Former Red Cliff": "In the autumn of Renxu, on the day of the full moon in the seventh month, Su Zi (Su Shi's self-proclaimed name) went boating with his guests and swam under Red Cliff." "The moon rose above Dongshan Mountain. , wandering among the bullfights. The white dew flows across the river, and the water reaches the sky. "
In the frozen snow, Han Gong passed the blue pass
Han Yu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once served as the Minister of Justice. Because he wrote a letter to dissuade Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty from "welcoming Buddha's bones", he offended Emperor Xianzong and was demoted to Chaozhou, 8,000 miles away from Chang'an, as governor. When Han Yu took office, he passed by Languan and it was snowing heavily. He took advantage of the cloudy scenery in the Qinling Mountains and wrote a poem "Moving to Languan from the Left to Show His Nephew Xiang" to express his feelings about leaving Chang'an: "A letter was sent to Jiuzhongtian in the morning, and eight thousand people were demoted to Chaozhou Road in the evening. . Where is Yun Heng's family in Qinling? Snow embraces Languan (i.e. Lantian Pass) and the horse cannot move forward." (See Han Yu's "Left to Languan to Show My Nephew")