Xu
1. The origin of the surname
The origin of Xu’s surname is relatively pure, mainly derived from the surname Ying. He is a descendant of Ruomu, the son of Boyi, the late emperor's great-great-grandson. According to legend, Emperor Cheng had a granddaughter named Nu Xiu who had a great career because she ate swallow eggs. Daye married a girl from the Shaodian family and gave birth to Boyi. Because Boyi assisted Dayu in controlling floods, Emperor Shun not only officially gave him the surname Ying, but also married him to a girl named Yao from his own clan. Yao girl later gave birth to two sons, the youngest of whom was named Ruomu because his father Because of his meritorious service, he was granted the title of Xu and established the Xu Kingdom. Xu State went through Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, all of which existed as princes. During the reign of King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, it was passed down to Xu Junyan, the 32nd generation grandson of Xu State. He was very smart and kind to the people, so he was deeply loved by the people and the country's power continued to grow. At that time, King Mu of Zhou liked to travel far and wide and often ignored national affairs. The princes complained a lot about him, so Xu Junyan developed the ambition to replace King Mu of Zhou. So he called himself King Xu Yan and led the coalition forces from various countries to march towards Zhou. King Mu of Zhou immediately returned to the capital after learning the news and dispatched troops to suppress it. King Xu Yan had no choice but to withdraw his troops and flee. He hid in the mountains near Pengcheng. Because he won the hearts of the people, many people followed him to the mountains. This mountain was later called Xushan, and Xuzhou got its name from it. Therefore, King Mu of Zhou had to grant his son Zong Yuxu, called "Xu Zi", and continue to manage Xu State. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Xu was defeated by the State of Chu, and its national power gradually declined. In the eighth year of King Zhou Jing's reign, the State of Xu was destroyed by the State of Wu.
2. Migration Distribution
The place where Ruomu was granted the title of Xu Kingdom in ancient times is in the north of Fengyang County, Anhui Province today. This is the earliest birthplace of the Xu surname. The Xu family who lived together here was already a common surname when the Xu Kingdom fell. Later they migrated to the north one after another. Roughly through the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties until the Sui and Tang Dynasties, many counties were formed in Shandong, Henan and other places in northern my country. And ancient places such as Donghai, Gaoping, and Dongwan. The specific migration time is: it had moved into Shandong before the Qin Dynasty. According to history, there was a Japanese ancestor named Xu Fu, also named Xu Shi. There are many records in history about his crossing the sea to seek the elixir of immortality. The "Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin" in "Historical Records" recorded this: "Xu Shi, a native of Qi , wrote a letter saying that there are three sacred mountains in the sea, named Penglai, Fangzhang, and Yingzhou, and asked Qijie and the boys and girls to ask for it, so they sent thousands of boys and girls to the sea to ask for it. "The story of Xu Shi's visit to the magical elixir of immortality. Although there are some discrepancies in different historical records, they provide strong proof that the Xu family moved to Shandong more than 2,000 years ago. Before the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Xu family moved to today's Gansu Province. In other words, during the Han Dynasty, the Xu surname had spread to a vast area in the north. The surname Xu also migrated south earlier than other surnames. According to the "Donghaitang Xu Family Genealogy", during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, the first ancestor Xu Zhi moved to Nanchang, Jiangxi; the second ancestor moved to Longyou, Zhejiang; and the third ancestor lived in many places in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and other provinces. The large-scale migration of Xu surnames to the south began in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and further multiplied and developed in the south of my country during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the end of the Song Dynasty, people surnamed Xu moved from Shicheng, Jiangxi to Shanghang, Liancheng and other places in Fujian. During the Yuan Dynasty, the surname Xu was mainly spread in Fengshun, Meixian, Haifeng and other places in Guangdong. In short, people with the Xu surname were mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in my country during the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially in Shandong Province. From the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the Xu surname was mainly spread in most areas of the Huaihe River and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. After the Song Dynasty, it has been distributed in the vast Jiangnan area. As for the large-scale reproduction of the Xu family in southwest my country, it was only after the Song Dynasty.
Three County Wangtang No.
County Wang
1 Donghai County: The county was established during the Qin Dynasty, and its governance is located in today's Shandong Province. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was equivalent to the area south of today's Feixian and Linyi in Shandong and Ganyu in Jiangsu, and to the north of Zaozhuang in Shandong and Guannan in Jiangsu; the Eastern Wei and Sui and Tang Dynasties were equivalent to the area east of today's Donghai County in Jiangsu and north of the Huai River.
2 Gaoping County: In the first year of present-day Taishi, it was changed to Shanyang County and established as a county, and its governance was located in the south of Juye, Shandong Province today.
Afterwards, there were many relocations. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Gaodu County was changed to Gaoping County. The administrative seat was Gaodu, which is equivalent to Jincheng and Gaoping in Shanxi Province today.
3 Gaowan County: A county was established in the Qin Dynasty. In the early days of Jian'an in the Han Dynasty, Langyao and Qijun were divided into counties and established as counties. The administrative seat is now in Shandong Province.
4. Langye County: During the Qin Dynasty, the county was established and its governance was in Langye (now in Jiaonan County, Shandong Province). During the Western Han Dynasty, it was moved to Dongwu. Equivalent to today's southeastern Shandong Peninsula.
Four Historical Celebrities
1 Xu Shuzheng: A native of Xiaoxian County, Jiangsu Province, a politician from the Beiyang-Anhui Clan. He once served in Duan Qirui's cabinet as Undersecretary of the Army and Secretary of the State Council.
2 Xu Xilin: A native of Yinshan, Zhejiang, a martyr of the democratic revolution. In 1907, he and Qiu Jin prepared for a simultaneous uprising in Anhui and Zhejiang provinces, but were later captured and died heroically.
3 Xu Run: A native of Xiangshan, Guangdong, a comprador in the Qing Dynasty.
4 Xu Wei: A native of Shanyin, an outstanding writer, calligrapher and painter. He claims to be the best calligrapher in the world and is good at cursive writing. Specializing in ink paintings of flowers, bamboos, landscapes and figures. He and Chen Fudao answered "Qingteng, Baiyang". There are "The Complete Works of Xu Wenchang", "Continued Records of Southern Ci", etc.
5 Xu Xiake: A native of Jiangsu, South Zhili, he was an outstanding traveler and travel writer. His footprints were all over the north and south of the Yangtze River. His observations were recorded on a daily basis. After his death, I compiled "Xu Xiake's Travels".
6 Xu Guangqi: Scientist of Ming Dynasty. The courtesy name is Zixian, a native of Xujiahui, Shanghai. In the 32nd year of Wanli, he was promoted to Jinshi. In the 5th year of Chongzhen, he was promoted to Minister of Rites and Bachelor of Dongge. In the sixth year of Chongzhen's reign, he was concurrently appointed as a bachelor of Wenyuan Pavilion. The research scope is wide, with agriculture, astronomy, and mathematics being the most prominent. He learned Western astronomy, calendar, mathematics, surveying, water conservancy and other science and technology from Dou Mali earlier, and introduced it to our country. He was an active promoter of learning Western advanced technology. He is the author of "The Complete Book of Agriculture", the main translator of "Chongzhen Almanac", and the translator of "Elements of Geometry".
7 Xu Shu: A native of Longxi, a female poet of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
8 Xu Zhi: A native of Nanchang, present-day Jiangxi Province. During the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, he was not satisfied with the exclusive power of eunuchs. Although he was recruited many times, he finally did not become an official. He was called "Xuzhou Gaoshi" at that time.