For example, when doing chest X-ray examination, you should take off your clothes (including underwear and bra), necklaces, Yu Pei and other ornaments, including plasters attached to your body, to prevent the artifacts formed by foreign bodies from interfering with the image examination results. Because the metal foreign body will not only seriously affect the results of imaging examination, but also burn the patient's skin due to the heat generated by the metal foreign body when doing ct or magnetic resonance examination, female patients should take out the intrauterine device when doing pelvic CT or magnetic resonance examination.
Second, keep an empty stomach or drink enough water or contrast media as required.
Patients should keep an empty stomach when taking barium meal, PET/CT and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of upper digestive tract. Patients suspected of intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, acute pancreatitis and other diseases should also keep an empty stomach when doing imaging examination. Some imaging tests not only require patients to have an empty stomach, but also need to drink laxatives or enema to empty the feces in the intestine (this is also called intestinal preparation). Only in this way can the accuracy of the image inspection results be guaranteed. Of course, not all imaging examinations require patients to be on an empty stomach. When imaging pelvic cavity (including bladder, kidney, prostate, uterus and accessories, etc.). For patients, it is necessary for patients to drink enough water before the bladder is filled. In addition, patients should drink 300 ml of diluted contrast agent according to the doctor's requirements when doing upper abdominal CT examination, and they can be examined after drinking for a while; Patients need to drink contrast media (the total amount can reach 800 ml) several times when doing CT examination of kidney, and the examination can be carried out after drinking for 20 minutes. In addition, patients should eat a packet of aerogenic powder before doing barium meal examination of upper digestive tract, and then drink some water according to the doctor's requirements to enhance the effect of gas-barium double radiography.
Third, arrange the inspection sequence reasonably.
It is precisely because patients need to keep an empty stomach or drink enough water during imaging examination, so when patients need to do multiple imaging examinations at the same time, they must pay attention to the order of examinations to shorten the examination time. Usually x-ray, CT, magnetic vibration, etc. And the ultrasound examination of some parts can be given priority, and no food, no drink and no injection in advance. These examinations include: X-ray examination of head, chest, abdomen and limbs; CT plain scan of head, chest and limbs; Magnetic resonance scanning of head, chest, abdomen and limbs; Ultrasound examination of liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and kidney. And those who need to drink water, eat or have an injection are often arranged after these examinations. On the contrary, if the patient has a barium meal examination of the upper digestive tract first, he can no longer do X-ray examination of abdomen, lumbosacral region and ct examination of chest and abdomen.
Fourth, do the necessary auxiliary inspection.
Sometimes, in order to do an imaging examination, patients need to do some auxiliary examinations before this examination to ensure the safety and effect of imaging examination. For example, before DSA examination, it is necessary to check the number of platelets and bleeding coagulation time of patients, and sometimes even check their liver function and kidney function to avoid bleeding and other diseases; Before PET/CT examination, it is necessary to check the patient's blood sugar. Once the patient's blood sugar is too high, it must be controlled within a suitable range before PET/CT examination can be carried out. If multi-slice spiral CT is used for coronary angiography, the patient's heart rate should be measured first, because the examination effect will be the best only if the patient's heart rate is controlled below 65 beats/min.
Five, understand the contraindications of imaging examination.
Clinical practice has proved that indiscriminate imaging examination will cause adverse consequences to patients and even lead to their death. Therefore, patients must understand the contraindications of imaging examination before doing imaging examination. More importantly, patients should truthfully report their medical history (including drug and food allergy history) to help doctors confirm whether you are suitable for X-ray radiography, CT enhancement and contrast examination. Patients with pacemakers or shrapnel, metal implants and insulin pumps cannot do magnetic resonance imaging.
Sixth, work closely with doctors.
When taking a chest X-ray, the doctor will ask the patient to inhale first and then hold his breath. The purpose of inhalation is to fill the patient's lungs with gas, so as to form a good contrast on the examination images; Holding your breath is to avoid moving blurred artifacts in the examination image due to the patient's breathing movement. In addition, when doing gastrointestinal radiography, the doctor will let the patient change his position back and forth on the examination bed. At this point, the patient must move slowly and swallow barium according to the doctor's requirements to keep his body still, so as not to affect the examination effect.