This poem describes the blessings to the King of Zhou through the mouth of "Zi Zhu" on the occasion of sacrifice.
The first section, "God protects you, and it is also the foundation of the hole. If you are single and thick, why not eliminate the blessing? If you are too good, there is nothing less common." God bless you with peace, and your throne will be stable for a long time. . To make your country strong, what blessing will not be bestowed upon you? Let what you have more abundantly, and nothing shall fail to prosper.
The second section, "Heaven protects you, and you are in the valley of Birkin. Everything is suitable, and you are blessed by heaven. You are blessed with blessings, and the sun is not enough." God bless you with peace, and enable you to harvest happiness and beauty. . Everything went smoothly and I received many blessings from God. God has sent a long-lasting blessing, but enjoying it every day may not be enough.
The third section, "Heaven protects you, and nothing will fail to prosper. Like a mountain, a mountain, a hill, a mausoleum, or a river, everything will increase." God bless you with peace, and nothing will fail to prosper. Blessings are like mountains and hills, like mountains and hills, like rivers swollen, everything is increasing.
The fourth section, "The auspicious feast is for the sake of filial piety. The temple is full of food and taste, and Yu Gong is the king. The king said: Bu'er, long life without borders." Choose the wine and food to prepare for sacrifices during fasting on auspicious days, and use them to Offered to ancestors for enjoyment. Offer sacrifices throughout the seasons to honor ancestors and kings. The ancestors (through the "corpse") sent a message: I have told you your fortune, and you may live long and live forever.
Section 5, "God's blessings are great. The people's quality is their daily necessities. All the people are virtuous." The gods come and give you many blessings. . The people are simple and simple, and their daily diet can satisfy them. All the people and officials are grateful for your kindness.
Section 6, "Like the perseverance of the moon, like the rising of the sun. Like the longevity of Nanshan, it never collapses. Like the luxuriance of pines and cypresses, everything is here to stay." You (the blessing) are like The bright moon hangs in the sky, rising like the sun. Like Nanshan, it has a long life and will never be damaged by wind or rain. As luxuriant as pines and cypresses, blessings and wealth will be passed on to you.
Bao, protect. Settled, peaceful. Er, you, here refers to the king, the King of Zhou. Also, again. Kong, very. Solid, solid, strong. Bi (bǐ), make. Single, the pretense of "Xuan", is true; single and thick, there are indeed many. To remove, to give. More beneficial, more rich. Shu, numerous.
戬榖 (jiǎn?gǔ) means auspiciousness and happiness. Grain, good. Qing (qìng) means everything. Bailu, Baifu. Hundreds, it is said that there are many, but it is not the actual meaning. Yao, far; Yafu, long-lasting blessing. The lack of daily support means that the above "Fu" is taken over, indicating that there is a lot of blessings. Even if you enjoy it every day, I am afraid that the time is not enough.
Wei, through "wei", fear. Xing, prosperous. Fu (fù), earth mountain. Ling, hills. When the river comes, the water rises. Increase, increase.
Auspicious, auspicious day. Juān means bathing and fasting before offering sacrifices.饎(chì), wine and food used for sacrifices. Yes, use yes, use this. Xiao means offering sacrifices; Xiaoxiang means offering sacrifices.禴(yuè) Temple and Haochang are the names of the sacrifices held in the ancestral temple throughout the year: temple in spring, 禴 in summer, chang in autumn, and 烝 in winter. Gong, Xian Gong, the distant ancestor of Zhou; Yu Gong, Xian Wang, sacrificed to Xian Gong and Xian Wang. Jun said that sacrifices are usually presided over by the "corpse". He acts as an intermediary between the ancestors and the people participating in the sacrifices, conveying the ancestors' blessings to their children and grandchildren.
Bu, the guise of the word "give (bì)", to give. Ten thousand, big. Boundless, infinite. Diao, arrival, here refers to the arrival of gods and ancestors. Yi (yí), which means "yi", is a gift. Quality, simple. Daily food, taking daily food as the main thing, describes the simple state of the people. Qunli, the people, refers to ordinary working people. The common people here refer to the many nobles who participated in ruling the Zhou Dynasty, because before the pre-Qin Dynasty, ordinary people in ancient times did not have any surnames, and only the nobles had surnames and surnames. Biàn is a variant of "Biàn".
Wei, through "hua", influence. Heng, a borrowed form of the word "窷(gēng)", refers to the last quarter of the moon. Qian (qiān), loss due to wind and rain erosion. Inherit, inherit, bear.
The greatest contribution of the Zhou Dynasty to Chinese civilization was that it put forward moral constraints on rulers.
Although rulers are appointed by heaven, if they cannot maintain good moral character, they will lose the support of the people, and then lose the world, and are in danger of being replaced.
Although this poem emphasizes the legitimacy of the Zhou royal family to inherit the world and receive blessings, which is in line with the so-called "mandate of heaven", it also contains the idea of ??"respecting heaven and protecting the people", and The moral requirements for the monarch should not only see blessings, but also think about the "daily food" of ordinary people, and not forget to maintain the order of the ruling class, so as to win the hearts of the subjects of the world.
The most noteworthy thing about this poem is a series of very distinctive metaphors. These "auspicious words" that have been passed down for thousands of years are still heard from time to time today. Who would have thought that the blessing of "everlasting pine in Nanshan Mountain" can be traced back to here.
The 166th special topic on the Book of Songs, the 166th overall.