Mr. Jin Zhi was born in the imperial examination era in feudal society. Because of the need of imperial examination, he first studied Ou Yangxun. Like the handwriting of ordinary students at that time, the strokes were even and the pavilions were powerful. After Guangxi took charge of the Ministry of Industry, he went to the Translation College of the University to study French and English. The following year, I went to France to study industry, politics and economy as the first batch of overseas students from China. During this period, he participated in the League meeting initiated by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and while studying, he engaged in revolutionary activities to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and promote peace. It lasted for seven years, and he didn't return to China until the founding of the Republic of China in 19 12. He worked as a protocol officer in Beijing's presidential palace, and a year later he was sent to Europe as the first secretary of the Dutch embassy. Because of opposing the restoration of Hong Xian and urging Yuan Shikai to abdicate, Yuan Shikai was dismissed from office and ordered to return to China, and was killed several times. Fortunately, Yuan Naikuan, Chen Shichang and others mediated from it, which saved them from difficulties. Later, he said that he was ill and broke away from the shackles of the Beiyang government. He joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kuomintang government and served as the secretary of the embassy in Belgium in the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19). Since then, he has been working in the diplomatic department and has been to more than a dozen countries such as Britain, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Belgium. His articles, poems and calligraphy were appreciated by foreign friends, and he was awarded the French Literature and Art Medal.
With the progress of the times, the change of Mr. Jin Zhi's environment and the need to remain silent, Mr. Jin Zhi gradually got tired of the rigid style of pavilions in the process of calligraphy inheritance and learning, and changed it to Wang Xizhi's "Lanting, Shengjiao, Seventeen Posts", and also learned from Chu Suiliang and Li Beihai, thus changing the old style of pavilions. Its words are concise and concise, and its connotation is ingenious. It is purely based on meaning and does not seek form. However, the transformation with a pen abides by the statutes, does not hesitate, does not make up the pen description, and finally becomes a generation of famous artists. What I want to mention here is that Mr. Jin Zhi is not only good at writing, but also has the style of Jin and Tang Dynasties. He is also very cautious about what he writes. He said: "No matter how good the writing is, if the content is general or dross, it is useless for people to read it. The article is ungrammatical and the poetry is unqualified, which will make experts laugh. People with shallow words are more likely to spread fallacies and mislead children." Therefore, he never writes articles that are ungrammatical and fail in poetry. When writing the poems of predecessors, we must see them in the original place. No matter who writes the poems of present people, as long as the content is good and the style is appropriate, they will be happy to write them, otherwise they will be rejected. Therefore, his books and noble character are extremely important to people.
Mr. Jin Zhi's calligraphy is known as Cao Zhang. Traditionally, people who learn from Cao Zhang usually start from official script, while Mr. Jin Zhi inherited it from Wei Bei, which is a pioneering practice. How did he succeed? I also have to talk about how calligraphy art is inherited and innovated. How did calligraphy develop in the early Republic of China? It is the understanding of colleagues in the book industry that we must take the road of continuous innovation, but how to innovate? There is disagreement. Mr. Jin Zhi advocated that the inheritance, change and development of calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty should be studied and perfected on the basis of calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty. He also believes that learning calligraphy can not only seek the shape, but also experience the brushwork of the former sages. Only in this way can we write new ideas on the basis of inheriting the tradition and further develop the art of calligraphy. Mr. Jin Zhi practiced his own understanding and viewpoint. He wrote "North Monument" in his early years, especially "Zhang Menglong Monument". He injected the magnificent North Monument into the cursive form of the two kings of Tingtie, washed away the feminine charm of calligraphy since the Song and Ming Dynasties, and opened up a new way to learn cursive. Judging from the pen posture, Jin Shu's pen posture is mainly broken and "introverted", which is close to Wang Xizhi's style. More specifically, in order to explore the needs of cursive writing, Mr. Jin Zhi studied Cao Zhang from Wang Shitang (Lu Sheng). Understand its meaning. This Wang Shitang is simple, often unsuccessful and poor. He studied cursive script behind closed doors for decades. He wrote Cao Zhang with timid strokes, while Gu Zhuo was pale and muddy, like several ancient people. However, in the old society where fame and fortune were the most important, Wang was not known in the book circle at that time, and Mr. Wang didn't talk about heroes by fame, but learned books from him to help Wang complete the manuscript collection (cursive monograph) and carve stones in Guanzhong. It is really a dazzling pearl, leaving a legacy to future generations, which is admirable. After the publication of Wang Shitang's works, there was also a "Three Chapters of the Constitution" which caused a sensation. What happened was this: Wang Shitang's works were actually cut off as ancient works by the famous Cao Zhang artist Luo Fu at that time after they were published. Mr. Wang published an article in the newspaper introducing himself, which surprised Luo. After Mr. Yu Youren came to dozen circle field, it was settled. When Yu's cursive script was finished, Mr. Wang wrote a poem to congratulate him. Yu Youren attaches great importance to Mr. Wang's poetry and calligraphy.
Although Mr. Jin Zhi has been working in the diplomatic field of the Kuomintang government for a long time, he often takes an uncooperative attitude because of his dissatisfaction with the dictatorship of the Kuomintang, especially his aversion to mutual accusations and struggles between officialdom. To this end, he once asked Mr. Xi Shou, a famous seal engraver, to carve a picture of Tired Zhou Lan with a name. Mr. Wang is not only unfavorable in officialdom, but also can't be reused. He was even expelled from the Kuomintang, so he was depressed. In the late period of the Anti-Japanese War and after the victory, I just wanted to make a living, and I still had a temporary job in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Mr. Wang is also happy to be idle and send love poems. In fact, it is his achievements in poetry and calligraphy, as well as his fame and qualifications in the society, that have kept his qualification for attachment to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1949 before the liberation of Nanjing, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs withdrew from Nanjing, but Mr. Jin Zhi did not want to go to Taiwan Province and asked to stay in the rear office of Nanjing.
After the Battle of Crossing the River, Mr. Jin Zhi was loyal to his duties, guarding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs day and night, and protecting the safety of state property and archives from infringement. After the liberation of Nanjing, the rear office was handed over to the people's government, which was welcomed by the people and settled in Kaifeng, his hometown. It is said that Chairman Mao sent a letter inviting him to Beijing, and he thanked him for his old age. He was hired as a member of the first, second and third CPPCC of Henan Province, a librarian of Henan Provincial Museum of Literature and History, a member of Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Committee, and was elected as a representative of Henan Provincial People's Congress. As an intellectual from the old society, he and CPPCC visited Sanmenxia Reservoir Project together, which gave him great shock. He thinks that such a huge construction project is simply unimaginable in the old society. He once wrote that ... workers work for others, and they can see and speak in front of them "to discipline their affairs. On the 10th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1959, Mr. Jin Zhi specially chose the inscription of "Jade Mirror Autumn", which was praised by the State Council. His love for new life and socialism is beyond words.
Mr. Jin Zhi's study-Juyizhai, why was it named Juyi? It is speculated that Mr. Wang often entertains himself with poetry after his early work, and he is the main member of Beijing Tieyuan Poetry Society and Nanjing Qingxi Poetry Society. His poems are full of charm, beautiful words, meaningful and implicit, and have the style of Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi. I also like white poems on weekdays, and the study is named "Juyi", which means admiring Bai Juyi. Someone wrote an article saying that Jin Zhi's poems were directed at the Tang people's "Tang Ao", which probably refers to this. Mr. Jin Zhi wrote 20 volumes of Gathering Ten Stories in Zhai Yi (the first 65,438+00 volumes have been printed and kept in Beijing Library. It is said that the library of Hoda University also contains Mr. Jin Zhi's poems), but as far as the word "Juyi" is concerned, Mr. Jin Zhi's residence is not easy. He is a scholar, with no financial skills, status, power and disdain for flattery. Besides, his family has a large population. In the old society with inflation and soaring prices, he often begged for loans from others, which naturally suited him. Before the Anti-Japanese War, he spent some time in his hometown of Kaifeng, which had no house except Xiaoxinzhuang where his ancestors lived. Although Mr. Wang Can enjoys eating, drinking, reading, reciting poems and writing, he forgets to solve problems, but his real life is very tight. How can he talk about "living easily"? It was not until after liberation that I returned to my hometown of Kaifeng to settle down, lived a stable life and had a fixed income that the situation changed.
Mr. Jin Zhi's Kaifeng apartment still hangs a banner with the words "Juyizhai". One day, Sang Fan, a calligrapher in our city, chatted in the room and praised the writing of Juyizhai, which aroused Mr. Jin's emotion. He said, "It's not easy to live in Chang 'an", and I don't need to find Mr. Da any more. When he said this gentleman, he meant Zhang. My husband used to borrow money from him. Only at this time, "Juyizhai" is the real "Juyi".
In his later years, Mr. Jin Zhi lived a stable and cheerful life, wrote poems and wrote poems, and there were many chapters and works praising the new era. 1957 Mr. Chun is over 80 years old and broke his right wrist and hip bone while taking a shower. Under the care of the government, he was cured for several months, still hale and hearty, and wrote more diligently. He also took time to sort out old books and copied his whole volume of Returning to the Field with a small eraser. There are many works, and the pen is used quickly, reaching the realm of "people and books are old". Because Mr. Wang is approachable, many people come to ask for poems and key words, and Mr. Wang is almost responsive. So Kaifeng left many works, but most of them were destroyed by the "broken capitalism", and few survived. For those who come here to learn calligraphy, Mr. Wang is tireless in teaching others, and often combines his own experience to teach how to learn calligraphy. He believes that the study of calligraphy should include three steps: reading tablets, reading posts, copying and waving. Learn from predecessors' strengths (learn from predecessors' brushwork and strokes) by reading inscriptions, and then copy after understanding the essence of predecessors' calligraphy, so that it will not become imitation (similarity), and then you can get rid of predecessors' stereotypes by relying on your own interests, enter the realm of personal free writing and express your own style. His own words are like this and can be integrated. His posthumous works, including Li Zongyang Taming, which he wrote in Nanyang Wuhou Temple, were written by him when he presided over the restoration of Wuhou Temple on 1938, and he also wrote a picture of Chairman Mao's poem Xiu Xiang hanging in Henan Hall of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
During the ten years of turmoil in the 1960s, Mr. Jin Zhi was condemned and criticized for the crime of "respecting Confucius". He died in Kaifeng apartment on February 1969 at the age of 92.