1. Xia Dynasty
The Yellow Emperor Yandi Tribe formed the Huaxia nationality, which was the first dynasty in China from the 21st century BC to the 16th century BC. It marks the basic end of China's primitive society for tens of thousands of years and the beginning of its class society for thousands of years. His birth has become an important milestone in the history of Chinese civilization. Dongyi people appeared in the Xia Dynasty, and the Xia Dynasty was always handed down for 14 generations and 17 kings, which lasted for nearly 5 years.
2. The legend of merchants in Shang Dynasty
is a descendant of Qi, the son of Di Ku. Because Qi helped Yu to control the water, he was sealed by Shun in the business and began to rise. After 5 years of development, it has become a powerful square country with Bo as its capital by the time it became a soup. With the help of Yi Yin, Cheng Tang first won the support of many countries, and conquered the countries that did not yield to him. Finally, he raised an army to cut the summer, and called for the first world war. Xia Jie fled to the South Nest and died, and the Shang Dynasty was established.
3. The Western Zhou Dynasty
The Western Zhou Dynasty (146-771 BC) lasted for more than 3 years, which was an important period of China and the heyday of Chinese classical civilization. Material and spiritual civilization had a profound impact on the development of later history.
4. The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period
The Spring and Autumn Period, referred to as the Spring and Autumn Period for short, was a period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the influence of the king of Zhou was weakened, and the princes were in dispute. Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong, Song Xianggong, Qin Mugong and Chu Zhuangwang successively dominated, which was called "the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period" in history. (Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong, Chu Zhuangwang, Fu Cha, King of Yue, Gou Jian). The Spring and Autumn Period was followed by the Warring States Period.
5. Qin and Han Dynasties
The Qin Dynasty was the first multi-ethnic autocratic centralized unified dynasty in the history of China. A series of measures taken by Qin Shihuang to consolidate autocratic centralization had a great influence on later generations. The tyranny of Qin rulers led to the outbreak of peasant war and the demise of Qin dynasty.
the Han dynasty, which appeared after the brief Qin dynasty in the history of China, was divided into two historical periods: the western Han dynasty (22-8 years before) and the eastern Han dynasty (25-22 ad), and later historians also called it the Han dynasty.
6. The Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties
During the period of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to the great integration of all ethnic groups and the economic development in the North and South, science and culture were further developed and made world-leading achievements in many fields.
7. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties
Yang Guang in the Sui Dynasty caused an extremely serious chaos at the end of the Sui Dynasty, which led to a sharp decline in the population to more than 2 million households, leaving a situation of serious division at the end of the Sui Dynasty. In 881, Huang Chao captured Chang 'an, and the Tang Dynasty soon counterattacked and destroyed Huang Chao. During the Huang Chao Rebellion, the warlord buffer region became more and more powerful, and the former Huang Chao Ministry made Zhu Wen, the general who surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, bigger, abolished the Tang Emperor and established the back beam. Before that, our envoys from all over the country have been crowned kings one after another, forming the main part of the ten countries.
8. Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Zhu Quanzhong usurped the Tang Dynasty to stand on its own feet, changed its name to Liang, and made its capital in Kaifeng. After Zhu Liang, the successive dynasties were Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou, which were called the Five Dynasties together with Liang. In addition to the Five Dynasties, there were many other separatist forces in southern China at that time, namely, ten dynasties, including Wu, Chu, Min, wuyue, Qianshu, Houshu, Nanhan, Nantang, Jingnan and Beihan, which were collectively called the Ten Kingdoms. History calls it five dynasties and ten countries, but there are actually more than ten countries.
9. The Song and Yuan Dynasties
From the establishment of the Houliang in 97 to the demise of the Yuan Dynasty in 1368, it was a period of further strengthening the ethnic integration and the continued development of the feudal economy in China.
1. Liao, Jin and Xia
In a relatively short period of time, Liao made a transition from a tribal clan society to a slave society, and ruled the northern part of China while leaping into a feudal society, which strengthened the ties between people of all ethnic groups and promoted integration.
11. Ming and Qing Dynasties
From the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in 1368 to the outbreak of the Opium War in 184, it was a period of consolidation of a unified multi-ethnic country in China's feudal society and the gradual decline of the feudal system.
12. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese army attacked Lugou Bridge, and the China army fought back, thus opening the prelude to the national War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. On August 13th, the Japanese army attacked Shanghai, and the National Government was forced to fight against Japan. In late September, the Kuomintang announced the declaration of national cooperation submitted by China's * * * production party, the anti-Japanese national united front was formally formed, and the anti-Japanese war of the whole nation began. ?
13. War of Liberation
In the summer of p>1946, Kuomintang troops attacked the liberated areas with the assistance of American imperialism, and a full-scale civil war broke out.
Extended information:
The history of changes from ancient times to modern capital Beijing:
Since the Yan State and other vassal states originally belonging to the qualitative dynasty were unified by Qin Shihuang at the beginning of the third century BC, China has entered the feudal society.
from the Qin dynasty, feudal dynasties changed one after another until the demise of the Qing dynasty in 1911, which lasted for more than 2,1 years. During this period, although the political center of China's reunification period has moved several times, there are only two political centers that are truly the largest and most important in China, Chang 'an in the early stage and Beijing in the later stage.
since the tenth century, Beijing's political position in the whole country has become more and more important. First of all, the Liao Dynasty established its capital here, which is its second political center, called Yanjing. The Jin Dynasty, which rose one after another, formally established its capital here and changed it into your capital. Yanjing and Zhongdu were both developed on the site of ancient Jicheng, and their positions are equivalent to the southwest part of Beijing now.
By the middle of the 13th century, when the Yuan Dynasty built its capital here one after another, a new city was built around the former site of Jin Chaoqing Palace, and it was named Dadu after comprehensive planning.
Less than a hundred years after most of them were built, the Yuan Dynasty perished, and in the early 15th century, the Ming Dynasty redesigned and further transformed Dadoucheng. In the mid-16th century, an outer city was built, which remained unchanged in the Qing Dynasty.
Baidu Encyclopedia-History of China