What is environmental art design?
Why should we go to school to study environmental art design? But what exactly is environmental art design?
Personally, I think that in fact, environmental art design should include a wide range: interior decoration design, garden, landscape design, architectural environmental design, urban planning ... In fact, it is unscientific and irresponsible to set up environmental design major in a school. Because you can't master it all in three or four years, you must have a key point, right?
Although all schools are biased towards it, there is no clear positioning in students' minds, and it is easy to be at a loss ~ ~ I feel this way now. And if we want to strengthen the foundation of learning environment design, we can't learn everything. For example, we also learn some plane things, and our time at school is limited, so it will be easier for us to adapt to the needs of society if we major. There is no contradiction between compound talents with comprehensive quality and professionals. The key is to be comprehensive and not scattered. In this way, students will have a goal from the beginning and will not lose their way and be at a loss. Environmental art can also be divided into indoor environmental art and urban environmental art, at least you should be able to go out and explain to others.
Sometimes when I go out, someone asks me: What about environmental art design? What does it do?
I told them that we do indoor and outdoor environment design, and then there were not many courses listed, which was very nerve-racking. We can't tell others that we taught a lot of things ourselves, can we? Environmental art design is a scientific and artistic subject, which is active and rigorous, and self-study inevitably makes people feel unreliable.
After listening to a cool lecture recently, this nerve-racking problem is expected to be corrected. The speaker is one of the pioneers and academic leaders of contemporary environmental art design in China, a famous designer, professor and Mr. Xue Jian. Ask him to analyze what is environmental art design, contemporary interior decoration and the new development trend of interior design. The following is a summary of the speech: The name environmental art design began in the late 1980s. At that time, the Department of Interior Design of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts changed its name from "Interior Design" to "Environmental Art Design" in order to emulate Japan. For a time, many design schools all over the country followed suit. Changing the name has become a fashion, like a gust of wind, and few people think calmly. Several experts who thought it inappropriate to change their names came out, but no one listened. A few years later, even those who actively took the lead in the past felt that it was inappropriate to change.
In China, the so-called "environmental art design" refers to interior decoration, indoor and outdoor design, decoration design, architectural decoration and so on. Although there are many names, their connotations are the same, and they all refer to the design and decoration activities around buildings. If there is a difference, it is the difference between indoor decoration and outdoor decoration. It can be seen that the name of interior design is also very inappropriate, and its restrictive concept is obviously to exclude outdoor decoration design, which leads to the phenomenon that all kinds of design and construction industries such as architecture, interior, garden and landscape actually participate in the decoration design around the building facade and small environment.
On the other hand, the narrow sense of environmental art design (indoor and outdoor design around buildings) is appropriate. However, its concept is wide and its scope is large, and environmental art covers almost all the ground environment on the earth's surface, as well as all the design fields related to beautification and decoration. Therefore, it is no wonder that some students say that this name is inaccurate and too general. Many students go out to look for jobs after graduation, and someone always asks: What does environmental art and design study? What does it do?
Some people even ask: Are you engaged in environmental protection? As a result, the students looking for a job immediately narrowed down the scope, defined the concept, told them that we are doing indoor and outdoor environment design, and added the word "indoor and outdoor" for everyone to understand.
Because of this, when I give lectures, I often explain to students that their major is around the design and decoration inside and outside buildings, excluding gardens, landscapes, urban design, roads and bridges, so that they can have a clear goal and cannot be misled! Moreover, there are no departments of landscape architecture, horticulture and landscape design in China, and the positioning is not accurate! I never use "environmental art" when editing books. 1994, China Building Industry Press entrusted me to edit an environmental art design book, so I named this book "Decoration Design Book". Later, I was commissioned to edit an environmental art data set, which I named "Indoor and Outdoor Design Data Set". Engaging in indoor and outdoor design does not mean that you don't need to know about garden and landscape design, but the emphasis is different. For more than ten years, I have found time to study landscape design. I have not only done many projects, but also written several books. I have been to more than 20 countries because I often go abroad for inspection. In 2002, Building Industry Press asked me to write a series of landscape architecture, world gardens, architecture and landscape architecture.
To sum up, I think "interior design" and "environmental art design" are not accurate in expressing the principle of "decorative design around the inside and outside of the building". Practice has proved that indoor and outdoor decoration design can best express the design connotation and professional scope, and it is also a better way to solve the confusion and inconsistency between the professional setting in colleges and universities and the names of professional design and construction companies.
What is graphic design?
Section 1: Correction and Classification of Graphic Design
The word "design" comes from the English word "design", which includes a wide range of design and architectural types: industry, environmental art, decoration, exhibition, clothing, graphic design and so on. However, the current name of graphic design is very difficult in ordinary expression, because the intersection between disciplines is getting wider and deeper. Traditional definitions, such as the current name "graphic design, visual communication design, decorative design, etc.", may have a great relationship with the characteristics of graphic design, because design is everywhere, and graphic design is everywhere. In terms of scope, it is related to graphic design. Functionally, it is called visual communication, that is, using visual language to convey information and express opinions, while decoration design or decorative art design is recognized as extremely inaccurate and one-sided.
Now, after understanding the scope and connotation of graphic design, let's look at the classification of graphic design, such as image system design, font design, book binding design, line recording design, packaging design, poster/poster design ... It can be said that there are as many designs as there are needs. In addition, commercial design and artistic design obviously exist.
The second part: the concept of graphic design.
Design is purposeful planning, and graphic design is one of the forms that these plans will take. In graphic design, you need to use visual elements to spread your ideas and plans, and use words and graphics to convey information to the audience, so that people can understand your ideas and plans through these visual elements. This is the definition of our design. The bottom line of a visual work's survival should depend on whether it has the energy to touch others and whether it successfully conveys the information behind it. In fact, she is more like a interpersonal relationship, conquering the object according to charm. Does your design have the charm of capturing people's hearts? Whether it is love at first sight or being born, you need to be like a gentle gentleman, a rebellious son who is unkempt, or a rigorous scholar. In fact, graphic designers have multiple roles. You need to know yourself, know yourself. You need to be the object of investigation. You should be one of the objects, but you don't like it. Your design represents the customer's products. Customers need your feelings to impress others. You are actually a person who "sells" his feelings. Graphic design is an art closely related to a specific purpose.
Section III: Features of Graphic Design
Design is the combination of technology and art, and it is the product of commercial society. In the commercial society, the balance between artistic design and creative ideal, objectivity and restraint is needed, and it is necessary to speak for the client through the mouth of the author.
Design is different from art because it should be beautiful, practical, considerate and people-oriented. Design is a need, not just decoration.
There is no concept of completion in design. Design needs to strive for perfection, constantly improve, challenge itself and declare war on itself. The key point of design is to find that it can only be achieved through in-depth feelings and experiences, and it is a challenge for designers to impress others. Design should be touching, enough details can impress people, graphic creativity can impress people, color taste can impress people, material texture can impress people, … organically combine various elements of design. Also, designers should understand that rigorous attitude itself can cause people's mental shock.
Chapter 2: The Road of Graphic Design
There may be many different ways to learn design, because it is determined by the diversified knowledge structure of design. No matter what you used to do, no matter what you used to do, after entering the design field, your previous experience will affect you, and you will face challenges and be eliminated, just as it is impossible to achieve greatness according to people's subjective wishes. ...
Section 1: Are you sure you want to enter this field? -Knowledge structure of designers
Designing a diversified knowledge structure will definitely require designers to have diversified knowledge and information acquisition methods.
The first step: from the understanding of points, lines and surfaces, learn and master the basic knowledge of plane composition, color composition, three-dimensional composition and perspective; We need to have objective visual experience, establish a rational thinking foundation, master the physiological laws of vision and understand the concept of design elements.
Step 2: Can you draw a sketch? 1998 the survey results of the Australian industrial design advisory Committee show that the first of the 10 skills that design graduates should possess is: "excellent sketching and freehand drawing skills. As a designer, you should have the ability to express visual graphics quickly and unrestrained. Painting art is the source of design, and design sketches are the paper form of creativity. We have reason to believe that painting is the foundation of graphic design and the foundation of graphic design! "
Step 3: What did you miss? Lack of traditional courses, such as pottery, printmaking, watercolor, oil painting, photography, calligraphy, Chinese painting, black and white painting, etc. Too many, you still have to ask yourself! In any case, these courses will strengthen your practical ability, expressive ability and aesthetic ability at different levels. The most important thing is to let you know what art is, and more importantly, to discover your own personality, but it is also a long-term process.
Step 4: "Can I start designing"? Of course not. What are you going to design? Just when you are about to start playing games, do you know the rules of the game? But you don't have to worry, you have entered the professional self-study, which means that you have just started, and you will step into this field with perseverance, no impetuousness, no complaints and a pragmatic attitude. Let's take logo design as an example. What kind of background knowledge do we need, meaning, origin, characteristics, design principles, artistic laws, forms of expression, composition methods and why do we need to know? Why Coca-Cola is popular all over the world; Why are we eager to wear Lee jeans? As a designer, are you satisfied with the visual environment around us? Ask yourself, what is your design ideal?
Step 5: You can see the quality of the design. Do you know why? In the last step, you have unconsciously entered the imitation stage of design by learning the basic knowledge of design. In order to move forward, we must review the history, and then shift from learning theoretical books to learning predecessors and excellent designers. This stage is accompanied by a long process, and your design level may be very unstable. Sometimes confused, sometimes happy. With a lot of practice and gradually mastering the whole operation process of design, you begin to become a mature designer.
You need to learn the rules and then break them.
Section 2: Can you be an outstanding designer? -Requirements for designers
1. A successful designer should have the following points: a, strong and keen perception; B, the ability of invention and creation; Aesthetic ability of works; E, the ability to express design ideas; And comprehensive professional intelligence.
Modern designers must have broad cultural vision, profound wisdom and rich knowledge; They must be knowledgeable, sensitive and innovative problem solvers. They should consider social reflection and social effects, and strive to design works that are beneficial to society and can improve people's aesthetic ability and psychological pleasure and satisfaction. They should summarize the characteristics of the contemporary era and reflect real aesthetic tastes and ideals. At least you should understand that excellent designers have their own methods, clear images and logical views.
Designers must be confident and firmly believe in their personal beliefs, experience, vision and taste. No blind obedience, no narcissism, no arrogance, no drifting. Face it with a rigorous academic attitude, not for individuality or design. As a designer, you must have unique quality and superb design skills, that is, no matter how complicated the design topic is, you must conscientiously sum up experience, think hard, scrutinize repeatedly, absorb and digest the same type of excellent design essence, so as to achieve new creation.
3. As a profession, graphic design has a great relationship with the perfection of designer's personality, which often determines a designer's design level. The higher the level, the better his understanding, balance, discrimination, coordination and handling ability, which will help him overcome one obstacle after another in his design career, so designers must pay attention to personal cultivation. Scholars often say, "fix its shape first, then practice its products."
4. The improvement of design must be carried out through continuous learning and practice. The extensive participation and concentration of designers are contradictory and unified. The former is the source of inspiration and expression, and the latter is the attitude of work. Good design is not only the creation of graphics, it is the result of a lot of intellectual work, covering different fields and playing different roles, which can keep us open-minded and bring more information to our design. The most important thing in design is ideas, and good ideas need to be cultivated and incubated. Design also needs a broad vision, so that information has a broad source. An important feature of learning graphic design is analogy, and art is essentially the same. The continuous flow of culture and wisdom is the magic weapon to become an evergreen tree in the design field.
5. Individualized design may come from the long-standing cultural tradition of the nation and the design thought with rich national cultural essence. Nationality, originality and individuality are equally valuable, and regional characteristics are also one of the knowledge backgrounds of designers. Future designers are no longer narrow nationalists, but the symbol of each nation is more reflected in the national spirit, and the nation and tradition will also become schema or design elements. As a designer, we should take national traditions and culture seriously.
Maybe what I said is a little complicated. After all, choose what is your own business, or think for yourself. Hehe, I've been there before!
-I chose graphic design.