Su Huang Mi Cai, the "Four Song Masters" - Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Cai Jing
1) Su Shi (1037~1101), also known as Zizhan, also known as Zizhan He Zhong, also known as Dongpo layman, was known as "Su Dongpo" in the world. A native of Meishan, Sichuan. A famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is one of the eight great poets of the Tang and Song dynasties. He, his father Su Xun, and his younger brother Su Zhe are famous for their poetry and prose, and are known as the "Three Sus" in the world. In terms of calligraphy and painting, he was the backbone of literati painting in the Song Dynasty. His calligraphy achievements exceeded his painting achievements. He was the leader of the new style of Shangyi in the Song Dynasty, ranking first among the four.
2) Huang Tingjian
Huang Tingjian (1045~1105), whose courtesy name was Luzhi, was also known as Valley Taoist. Later generations called him Huangshan Valley, later Fu Weng, and Hongzhou Fenning (now Jiangxi Province). water) people. Poet and calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Huang Tingjian came from the sect of Su Shi, and together with Zhang Lei, Qin Guan, and Chao Buzhi, he was known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School". Later, he was as famous as Su Shi and was known as "Su Huang" in the world. His most important achievement was poetry. The poetry theory praises Du Fu, but it emphasizes reading and checking evidence, and using the past to make it new. The theory of "no word has its origin" and "reborn, turning iron into gold". He had great influence in the Song Dynasty and founded the Jiangxi School of Poetry. He is also good at poetry, writing and cursive writing. At the beginning, Zhou Yue was his master in calligraphy, and later he was taught by Yan Zhenqing and Huai Su. He was influenced by Yang Ningshi, and was particularly effective in the "Stork Inscription". His brushwork is dangerous and bold, his writing style is open, his brushwork is thin and vigorous, and he is self-contained. style.
3) Mi Fu
Mi Fu ((1051～1107)), named Yuanzhang, was named Xiangyang Manshi, Haiyue Waishi, and Lumen Jushi. His ancestral home is Taiyuan, Shanxi, and he later settled in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu.
Because of his weird personality and crazy behavior, he called him "brother" when he met a stone and worshiped him endlessly, so he was called "Midian". Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty awarded him a doctorate in calligraphy and painting, and he was known as "Minangong". Mi Fu is good at poetry and prose, is good at calligraphy and painting, and is good at identification. He is a calligrapher, painter, connoisseur, and collector. He is second to none among the "Four Masters of Song Dynasty". His calligraphy style is casual and unrestrained, but also strict in legal standards. "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography of Wenyuan" says: "Fu is particularly wonderful at calligraphy and ink, calm and flying, and captures Wang Xian's brushstrokes." Mi Fu studied calligraphy the most and achieved the greatest achievements in his life.
4) Cai Xiang
Cai Xiang (1012~1067), courtesy name Junmo, was born in Xinghua (now Xianyou, Fujian). Jinshi in 1030 (the eighth year of Tiansheng), and served in the Central Government of the Song Dynasty as a Collector, Zhijianyuan, Zhishiguan, Zhizhigao, Longtuge Zhibao, Privy Council Zhibao, Hanlin Baoshi, Third Secretary, and Duan. He held the title of bachelor of Ming Palace and other positions, and served as the transshipment envoy of Fujian Road (now Fuzhou City, Fujian Province), knowing the affairs of Quanzhou, Fuzhou, Kaifeng (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province) and Hangzhou. After his death, he was given the posthumous title of "Zhonghui" by the Minister of Rites.
Cai Xiang is loyal, honest, trustworthy and knowledgeable. Among the four families in the Song Dynasty, Cai Xiang should be ahead of Su, Huang and Mi in age. From the perspective of calligraphy style, Su Shi is plump and plump; Huang Tingjian is vertical and horizontal; Mi Fu is handsome and bold. They have their own style of calligraphy. Su, Huang and Mi are all good at running cursive and regular script, but they like to write regular regular script. , or Cai Xiang. Cai Xiang's calligraphy is vigorous, dignified, simple and graceful, and is self-contained. Unrolling the scroll of Cai Xiang's calligraphy, I suddenly felt a spring breeze blowing on my face, full of beauty and elegance.