Daoguang is at a critical moment of historical turning point, "to remain unchanged without knowing the change". Poisonous opium from the southeast sea made him fidgety. Finally, he made up his mind to strictly ban smoking. In the early 19th year of Daoguang (1839), Daoguang appointed Lin Zexu as an imperial envoy to ban smoking in Guangdong. Lin Zexu destroyed opium collected in Humen in public, and the destruction of opium in Humen also triggered tensions in Sino-British relations. In the 20th year of Daoguang (1840), in June, the British expeditionary force arrived in the waters of China, and the Opium War broke out. At the beginning of the war, the arrogant Daoguang thought that the British army was vulnerable. However, with the development of the war, the British army besieged the Pearl River Estuary, captured Dinghai, Zhejiang Province, and forced Dagu, Tianjin, shocking Daoguang, and sent Qishan and others to negotiate with the British army. Finally, we compromised with the outside world, investigated and dealt with Lin Zexu, Deng Tingzhen and Yang Fang, and reopened Guangzhou with Zhang Mu A, Qishan and Yishan. However, the British army is not satisfied with this. Continue to attack Humen, Ningbo and Xiamen, and capture Wusong on 1842. In the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842), the Qing government signed the treaty of nanking, the first unequal treaty in China's modern history. According to the treaty, China ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain and paid the British * * * 2 1 10,000 yuan. Open Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo and Shanghai as trading ports. Since then, the Qing government has successively signed the Sino-French Huangpu Treaty and the Sino-American Wang Xia Treaty with France, the United States and other countries, making China a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society.
Daoguang was the sixth emperor after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, and he was very conspicuous when he was young. In the autumn of Mulan? He hunted the most and was praised by his grandfather Gan Long, saying that he was "out of touch with Manchu family style". As an adult, it was the Tian Li Uprising led by Li Wencheng and Lin Qing in Jiaqing 18. Lin Qing led a team to attack the Forbidden City, which was called "the change of forbidden doors" in history.
Daoguang's talent is very ordinary, which is why he worked hard all his life but politics became scarce. His great-grandfather Yongzheng once wrote in Zhu Pi Yu Yu Yu: The use of people in the imperial court is a top priority, and the rest are branches and leaves. However, Daoguang was a complete failure in employing people. His two most trusted Zaifu are Cao Zhenyong and Zhang Mu. Lao Cao was the first person to advocate "kowtowing more and talking less", but Mu was insatiable. The two colluded and blinded Daoguang. Daoguang originally liked Tao Shu and Ruan Yuan among the court officials, so he mentioned to Lao Cao that Lao Cao was most afraid that someone could surpass him, so he said, "If the two rivers leave Tao, I'm afraid no one will transport food." What Daoguang did all his life was to transport food by sea. As a result, the internal adjustment of Tao Shu fell through. Furthermore, both Ruan Yuan and Lao Cao said that Ruan Yuan was a very capable person and his calligraphy was better. Daoguang hates princes and ministers for doing nothing. In his view, if all officials focus on other places, their business will be bad, and he is right. However, overcorrection is unfair. As Lao Cao said, Ruan Yuan has never been in this life!
In the twenty-ninth year of Daoguang, Daoguang suffered from internal troubles and foreign invasion. At first, he hardly supported Lin Chao in dealing with political affairs. On the third day of the first month of the second year, the condition worsened. Knowing that there was no hope of recovery, he hurriedly summoned the ministers of Zongren House, including Zaiquan, Zai Yuan, Duanhua and Sengqin, the ministers of military aircraft, Zhang Mu, Cezanne and He Rulin, and the minister of internal affairs, Wen Qing, to enter the palace, and ordered them to take down the brocade box from behind the fair plaque and read the imperial edict, which read: "The sixth son of Emperor Yixin is the prince, and the fourth son of Emperor Yi Wei? Established as the Crown Prince. " At noon, Daoguang died in Shende Hall of Yuanmingyuan.