make a comeback
In the fourth year of Shengping (360), Xie Wan was defeated and abandoned as Shu Ren. There is no important person in Chen County Xie's family. Xie An had to "make a comeback" and become the shogunate general of Huan Wen like Sima. Although Xie An and Huan Wen have different political positions, they still get along well and admire each other. Later, when Huan Wen decided to kill Xie An because of his different positions, he also praised Xie An to others.
Shortly after Xie An was in the Huan Wen shogunate, Xie Wan died, and Xie An resigned on the grounds of mourning. Soon, he was recommended by Prime Minister Sima Yu as the prefect of Xing Wu, and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. A few years later, he was promoted to assistant middle school.
In the sixth year of Taihe (37 1), Huan Wen abolished Sima Yi, changed Sima Yu to be emperor, took charge of Chen Junyin's family and Yingchuan's family, and rejected Wuling Wang Wei, actually controlling all the state capitals in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with a huge momentum. Xie An, together with the King of Taiyuan, the King of Langya and the two big gentry, forced to rewrite the testamentary edict when he was seriously ill in July of the first year of Xian 'an (372), which prevented the plan of handing over power to Huan Wen. Huan Wen was furious when he learned that, and led the army into Beijing. He wanted to "punish Xie Wang and move the capital to Jinding". The Queen Mother of Chu Garlic ordered Xie An and Wang to meet him in Xinting. When the king saw Huan Wen in panic, he was sweating and naked. Xie An is very calm. Before leaving, he not only comforted the king, but also said, "Life and death are in this line." When he saw Huan Wen, he sat down calmly and asked Huan Wen, "I heard that the governors all have ways to guard their neighbors. Why should I be clear? " Huan Wen smiled and answered: "No way." The two chatted with a smile for a long time, and a catastrophe was virtually solved. Huan Wen was seriously ill later, and wanted the court to add nine tin to him and let Justin draft it. After Xie An saw it, he always found an excuse to modify it and delay the time. A few days later, Huan Wen died, and the matter of adding nine tin was no longer mentioned.
After Huan Wen's death, Xie An took great pains to reconcile the contradiction between Jinshi and Huan family. In the second year (374), Xie Anxian took back Xuzhou and Yanzhou from Huan's family in the form of the king leading Xu Yanzhou to the secretariat, and then forced Huan Wen's younger brother Huan to rush out of Yangzhou and appointed him to lead Jingzhou on his behalf. Xie led Yangzhou (not today's Yangzhou), and finally achieved the goal of "Jingyang and Yangzhou are flat, then the world is flat", obtained the understanding and cooperation of the Huan family, and established a relatively strong defense front.
Battle of feishui
Main item: Battle of Feishui
In the first year of Taiyuan (376), Sima Zhi, the filial piety emperor, began to take charge of state affairs, and was promoted to the position of supervisor of the Chinese Library, in charge of minister affairs. Chen became the last "big official" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the same year, Fu Jian unified northern China, and the war between the former Qin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty drew near. At that time, in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were controlled by Huan family, and the lower reaches were Xie family. Xie An tried his best to reconcile the relationship between Huan and Xie and prepare for the coming war.
Pre-war preparation
In the second year of Taiyuan (377), Guangling lacked the defense of elite soldiers. Xie An, regardless of other people's comments, strongly recommended his nephew Xie Xuan as Yanzhou secretariat, guarding Guangling, and being responsible for the military defense of Jiangbei front line in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Xie Anze personally supervised military affairs in Yangzhou, Yuzhou, Xuzhou, Yanzhou and Qingzhou, and was in charge of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Xie Xuan failed his uncle's trust. He selected elite soldiers in Guangling, trained elite soldiers, selected Liu Laozhi, He Qian and others, and trained a elite soldier with the most fighting capacity in China at that time-Beifu soldiers.
The first stage: the battle of Huainan
In April of the third year of Taiyuan (378), Fu Pi, a former Qin general, led 70,000 troops to attack Xiangyang. Fu Jian also sent more than 654.38+10,000 people to camp in Xiangyang in three ways, with a total investment of170,000. Zhu Xu, the commander-in-chief of Xiangyang, was captured in February of the fourth year of Taiyuan (379). Fu Jian sent Peng Chao to besiege Pengcheng, and the battle of Huainan in Qin Jin broke out. Xie An in health protection, while Xie Xuan rate of 50000 north government soldiers, from straight up to meet them. Xie Xuan won four out of four wars and destroyed Qin Jun. After the war, Xie An was made the duke of Jianchang County and Xie was made the marquis of Dongxing County.
The second stage: the battle of feishui
In May of the eighth year of Taiyuan (383), Huan Chong left 65,438+10,000 Jingzhou soldiers to attack Qin, in order to contain and reduce the downstream pressure. Fu Jian sent Fu Rui, Mu Rongchui, Yao Chang, Murong Yong and others to battle, led 600,000 infantry and 270,000 cavalry, with his brother Rong as the pioneer, and invaded the south in August. Xie An was ordered in a crisis, with Xie Shi as the former commander-in-chief, Xie Xuan as the pioneer, Xie Yan, Huan Yi and others, and led 80,000 military forces to meet Qin Jun in three ways. 1 1 month, Xie Xuan sent Liu Laozhi to take a surprise attack with 5,000 soldiers and won a great victory in Luo Jian. Qin Jun lost 65,438+00 generals and 50,000 main troops. 1February, the two sides fought a decisive battle in Lishui. Xie Xuan, Xie Yan and Huan Yi led the Jin army to defeat the former Qin army of 6,543.8+0.5 million led by Fu Jian and Fu Rong, and joined hands to cut Fu Rong. The battle of Feishui ended in an all-round victory of 8 Jin Army.
Postwar influence
Xie An's advanced planning contributed to the great victory in the battle of Feishui. Moreover, Xie An has always taken an extremely calm attitude from "gambling in the villa" before the war to "children breaking thieves" after the war, which played a key role in stabilizing the health of the people at that time. The front-line generals of this war are also Xie Yan and others from Xie Shi and Xie Xuan, the direct children of Xie Jia. Xie Jia's popularity reached its peak, which aroused the vigilance of Sima's royal family, so that it was not until two years after Xie An's death that Sima Yao pursued Xie An to the Duke of Luling for meritorious service.
northern expedition
North-South situation map from the Battle of Feishui to the Northern Expedition, in which the black line is the dividing line between the actual control areas of the two sides before the Battle of Feishui, and the red line is the dividing line between the actual control areas of the two sides from the victory of the Northern Expedition to Xie An's death.
Huan Chong died shortly after the Battle of Feishui. Before he died, he entrusted Huan's children to Xie An. In order to stabilize the situation of "the balance between Jingyang and Yangzhou", Xie An gave up the opportunity of taking Xie Xuan as the secretariat of Jingjiang two states, and took Huan Zi as the post instead, which eased the relationship between Huan and Xie and stabilized the rear for the next large-scale northern expedition of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
In August of the ninth year of Taiyuan (384), Xie An set out for the Northern Expedition. Xie of the East Road led the northern government soldiers from Guangling to the north and recovered Yuzhou, Qingzhou and Yanzhou all the way. The Huan family in the middle road and the west road sent troops to conquer Luyang and Luoyang and recover Liangzhou and Yizhou. At this point, the situation that Qin Jin was bounded by Huaihe River-Hanshui River-Yangtze River before the Feishui War became the Yellow River, and the whole area south of the Yellow River was incorporated into the territory of the rulers again. After the victory of the Northern Expedition, Sima Shi and some courtiers were very suspicious of Xie An, and the world also suspected that Xie An would usurp the throne and seize the regime of Rainbow Mang.
Xie An "retired" and took the initiative to hand over power. In April of the tenth year of Taiyuan (385), he asked himself to leave Guangling Town and take charge of the Northern Expedition. Soon, Liu Laozhi was defeated by Mu Rongchui in Yecheng, and Xie An had to adjust his deployment, turn the offensive to the defensive and consolidate the Yellow River defense.
In August, Xie An was seriously ill and returned to Beijing from Guangling for medical treatment. He entered Jiankang from Xizhoumen. Soon after, on August 22, he died of Jiankang at the age of 66, and he was called Wenjing.
Xie An's funeral has the same specifications as those of Huo Guang, Wang Dao and Huan Wen. It is an emperor-level funeral of "Nine Mournings, One Yellow House, Two Elegies, One Feather and One Hundred Sword". After Xie An's wife Liu died, she also used the same burial method.
Xie An's eighth five-year post was included in Zhai.
Poetry [editor]
Preface to Lanting Collection (I) Yi's ancestors had a spring outing. Chez insisted on sending it to Olinqiu. Dense mountains and vast virgin territory. Clouds and mist are lingering, and condensate springs are scattered.
Lanting Poetry (Part II) is related to festive festivals, with the same rate. Thin clouds and Luoyang scenery, breezy wings, light navigation. If you get drunk in Dan Tao, you will travel to Xitang. Everything is mixed, and it is safe to feel Peng Yu's sadness.
With Wang Hu's poems, it is fresh, but it disappears when it meets Yang. None of Su Xue's Li worships the DPRK. Frost fried with lang, orchid withered with square. Philosophers realized this and didn't give up. Don't send pride out, let Qiong Yao run in. When he dived, he blew his feathers into the sky. It's harmony and communication. I am a feather, I am a phoenix tree. Antagonism should be wood, tactfully snake dragon. Although I am different, I am the same as Erqi. Thinking about music on the cliff, achieving the peak of speech. Embroidered clouds and graceful, Danxia adds color. Shadow shadow, Fusang scattered. My sage led our army and flew like an ordinary phoenix. Including Zhang Xiuqi and Tan Bu are far away. I am a kind friend, and I don't draw it. Silent bandit rock point, language without delay. It's not terrible for Oak to leave the club for a week. Make noise and lead it with knowledge. People who feel round are interested in wonderful people. I know their similarities and see their differences. Turn around and take it away. Different people have different opinions, and the wise see wisdom, which rises and falls with the times. Lan Qi Zhan Lu, bamboo vegetable cream. The core is a little red and fragrant. Touch the ground to meet the waves. Throw nylon and brown incense at the same time. When the sun is shining, songs roar in the mountains. Play at night and play the piano in the room. Five strings are clear and strong, and the south wind is covered. Alcohol mash is quenched, and words wash the heart. Who is quiet, who is listening to me.
well-known saying
"Eugene's survival depends on this line." "Children are thieves." "Important officials can be here." "I don't hate it when I see it, but it is no longer felt when I go out." "Ignorance of heaven and earth makes Bo Dao childless." "Gu Changkang's paintings have nothing in life."
Related idioms
Make a comeback and bet on a new owner, Pu Kui [elegant people are deeply committed to running forward]
The old man can miss the house and get off the shelf, and he is full of enthusiasm for it.
calligraphy
Xie An studied running script from Wang Xizhi, and his calligraphy was excellent. Later, Mi Fei praised his calligraphy. "The mountains are wonderful, the rock galleries are beautiful, and they are spontaneous and ancient."
amusing piece of news
Xie An once heard the story of Liang Zhu and was deeply moved. He asked that his tomb be named "Yi Fu's Tomb".
Xie An's name is exactly the same as that of Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty. Later, Wang Anshi retired to Jinling, and the house he bought happened to be in the former site of Xie 'an Mansion. There is a "Xie Gongdun" named after Xie An in the house. Wang Anshi then wrote a poem in a play: "My name is the same, and my house is in my eyes. When I went to the public, I came to my dock. I shouldn't take my surname as the public. " At that time, people commented, "Fight for land with the dead." Xie An and Wang Dao both lived on the Qinhuai River, which was the headquarters of Wuyi Army, once the headquarters of Sun Quan in the Three Kingdoms period, and was known as Wuyi Lane in the world.
Xie An tastes different. He once commented that "Liu Laozhi can't be lonely" and "Wang Weizhi should not be a city", all of which have been fulfilled successively; He commented that Gu Kaizhi's paintings were "born with nothing"; He also agrees that Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is better than Wang Xianzhi's.
Xie An appreciates a woman with true temperament. His sister-in-law, Mrs. Wang, once dragged her son away from the dinner table in person, regardless of etiquette. Xie An didn't feel embarrassed, but praised Mrs. Wang for her generosity, but unfortunately she couldn't let the DPRK ministers see it.
Wang Dao's grandson Wang Xun married Xie Wan's daughter, and Wang Min married Xie An's daughter. Husband and wife are at odds. Xie An despises Wang Xun, and does not hesitate to make bad friends with one of Wang's clique. He simply divorces his niece and daughter and remarries. So the two sides have not contacted each other for many years. After Xie An's death, Wang Xun made a special trip from Huiji to Jiankang to pay his respects, although he suppressed Xie Yan politically for revenge. After the ceremony, he left without shaking hands with Xie Yan.