Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao Xi was a weaver in Jiangning. Great-grandmother Sun Shi was the nanny of Emperor Kangxi Michelle Ye. Grandfather Cao Yin worked as a squad leader and bodyguard in Michelle Ye, and later as a weaver in Jiangning, who also served as an inspector of salt affairs in two Huai provinces, winning the favor of Michelle Ye. Michelle Ye visited the south of the Yangtze River six times, was taken back four times, and lived in Cao's home. After Cao Yin's death, his sons Cao Qing and Cao Fuxian succeeded him as Jiangning Weaving. Their three generations and four grandchildren have held this position for 60 years. Cao Xueqin grew up in the "prosperous" life of this "romantic place of Qinhuai" since childhood.
In the early years of Yongzheng, the Cao family suffered a series of blows because of the political struggle within the feudal ruling class. Cao Fu was dismissed on charges of "misconduct", "harassing the Post" and "deficit", and his property was confiscated. Cao Fu was imprisoned and punished, and the "cangue" lasted for more than a year. At this time, Cao Xueqin's family moved back to Beijing. Since then, the Cao family has been devastated and declining.
After a major turning point in his life, Cao Xueqin felt that the world was cold and had a clearer and deeper understanding of feudal society. He despised powerful people, stayed away from officialdom and lived a poor and hard life.
In his later years, Cao Xueqin moved to the western suburbs of Beijing. Life is even poorer, "covered in wormwood" and "porridge for the whole family". He devoted himself to the writing and revision of A Dream of Red Mansions. In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (1762), his youngest son died prematurely, and he fell into excessive sadness and grief and was bedridden. On the New Year's Eve of this year (1763 February 12), he finally died of poverty due to illness (there are two versions about the year of Cao Xueqin's death: 28 years and 29 years of Qianlong).
Cao Xueqin is "fat, with a wide head and black color". He is arrogant, cynical and unrestrained. Alcoholic, talented and talkative. Cao Xueqin is a poet. His poems are novel in conception and close in style to Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His friend Duncheng once praised him and said, "Love your poem is wonderful, and you can catch up with the long valley broken fence fan." He added, "I know that your poems are as bold as iron and as cold as the Taoist camp." However, there are only two lines in his sincere poem Pipa Xing: "The White Fuji Mausoleum should be very happy and will teach barbarians to put on airs."
Cao Xueqin is also a painter and likes to paint abrupt and steep stones. Dunmin's "Painting Stone in Qinyuan" said: "Proud as a strange monarch, more jagged. Drunk as a pen swept away. Write a thunder in your chest. " It can be seen that when he painted stones, he put his chest on the grievances. Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution lies in his novel creation. His novel A Dream of Red Mansions is rich in content, profound in thought and exquisite in art, which pushes China's classical novel creation to a peak and occupies a very important position in the history of literary development.
A Dream of Red Mansions is the product of his "reading for ten years, adding and deleting five times" and "every word is like blood, and ten years of hard work is extraordinary". Unfortunately, before his death, the whole book was not finished. Today, most of the 20 copies of A Dream of Red Mansions/KLOC-0 were written by him, and the last 40 copies were continued by others. Eighty years later, he has written a part of the first draft, but it has not been handed down for various reasons.
In the second year of Yongzheng (Chen Jia 1724), he was born on April 26th.
In the third year of Yongzheng (Yisi 1725), on April 26th, Mangzhong ushered in its first birthday, so it was marked by Mangzhong.
In the sixth year of Yongzheng (Wu Shen 1728), his father Cao Fu was convicted of theft and returned to Beijing. Live in the mouth of garlic market.
In the first year of Qianlong (Chen Bing 1736), all kinds of "sinful money" were pardoned and the family recovered well-off. Thirteen years old (in the book, I will visit my mother on the Lantern Festival until New Year's Eve. Baoyu is thirteen, too. It happened on April 26, 2008, which happened to be the Ear and Seed Festival (the flower party in the book).
In the second year of Qianlong (D 4 1737), in the first month, Kangxi City fell. Chen is the biological mother of Wang Yinxi in the county (the "old princess" in the book has passed away).
In the fifth year of Qianlong (Geng Shen 1740), Hongxi, the eldest son of Prince Kangxi Yinwa, tried to set up a court, and stabbed Qianlong in the back, but failed. Qin Xue's family was dragged down again, and it was stolen, so the family broke up. Xueqin is poor and wandering. He used to be a writer in the internal affairs department.
In the 19th year of Qianlong (JOE 1754), the final edition of Re-evaluating Stone in Chiyanzhai was copied (unfinished).
Twenty years after Qianlong (Yihai 1755), the story of the stone continues.
In the twenty-first year of Qianlong (Bingzi 1756), the fat batch before the seventy-fifth session recorded: "In the twenty-first year of Qianlong, Bingzi was cleared on the seventh day of May. Lack of Mid-Autumn Poems, as soon as Xueqin. " For the progress of the manuscript at that time. Written by Zhi Yanzhai and Tamenosuke.
In the 22nd year of Qianlong (Ding Chou 1757), my friend Duncheng wrote a poem in memory of Cao Xueqin. Looking back at the night talk of the right-wing religion, I advised not to be a rich foodie. "It is better to write a book in Huangye Village." At this point, Xueqin has gone to Xishan and left Liang's home in Dunhuibo (Shihu Hutong in Xicheng).
In the 23rd year of Qianlong (Wuyin 1758), his friend Dunmin naturally wrote poems from Xiacun to Guiwei and sang many poems about Xueqin.
Twenty-four years of Qianlong (Bazaar 1759), now the bazaar edition and the manuscript of "The Story of the Stone" are preserved, and the date of "Yan Zhi's comment on writing" begins.
In the twenty-five years of Qianlong (Chen Geng 1760), Chen Geng Edition and The Story of the Stone were reviewed by Yan Zhai four times.
After twenty-six years of Qianlong (Xinsi 176 1), he returned to Jinling and Beijing. Every time a friend's poem says that "the old dream of Qinhuai still exists" and "the official is depressed and dreams of returning to his hometown", it implies the writing of A Dream of Red Mansions.
In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (Renwu 1762), Dunmin wrote "Wine Song with Knife" to record the drinking situation when Xueqin visited in late autumn. Fat criticism: "Chongyang in the afternoon" has the saying that "it is urgent to ask for books". No more comment on writing after Chongyang. When there is a story.
In the 28th year of Qianlong (Imperial concubine 1763), in late spring and February, Dunmin invited Xueqin to get together in early March (for Duncheng's birthday). Not yet. In autumn, I love my son with acne, and my sadness becomes ill. Fat criticism: "... Qin cried to death before the book was finished;" I cried for Xueqin, but my tears are still waiting to run out ... "It was recorded as the death of" Renwu Eve ",which was proved to be a mistake by textual research. He died at the age of forty.
In the 29th year of Qianlong (Shen Jia 1764), Duncheng wrote a poem: "Xiaofeng brushed an inscription yesterday" and "Forty years is too thin", all of which are historical evidences.
Yue Opera, Beijing Opera, Pingju Opera, Movies, TV Series ... Almost all the performing arts have transplanted the novel Dream of Red Mansions, which is well-known at home and abroad. The author of this novel is Cao Xueqin, a great realistic writer in China.
Cao Xueqin (17 15 ~ 1763) is a novelist in Qing dynasty. Zhan, whose real name is also called Xueqin, Piano Score,. Originally Han Chinese, it later became the "coating" of Zhengbai Banner in Manchuria. During the Kangxi period, Cao Xiqi, grandfather's uncle, inherited Jiangning weaving for 60 years and became a famous family for a while. Later, due to the fierce internal struggle in the Qing palace, his father was implicated, sentenced to cut officials, his family property was copied, and his family property declined. Cao Xueqin's life coincided with the period when the Cao family turned from prosperity to decline. Cao Xueqin moved to the western suburbs of Beijing in his later years, and his life was even poorer. 1762, his youngest son died young, and Cao Xueqin was heartbroken and could not afford to get sick. February 1763, 12 died of poverty and disease (some people say 1764 died).
Cao Xueqin is a poet, and his poems are novel in conception and style, close to Li He, a poet in Tang Dynasty. He is also a painter and likes to paint abrupt and steep stones. Unfortunately, not many of his poems and paintings have survived. Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution is to create the literary masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions.
A Dream of Red Mansions was written in Cao Xueqin's miserable old age. Formerly known as "Stone Story", it was basically finalized 80 times. It was once circulated in the form of manuscripts. 179 1 year, Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E printed and published the book with movable type for the first time, and the book was 120 times, and the title was changed to A Dream of Red Mansions. The love and marriage tragedy between Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai in the novel shows the rise and fall of Jia, Wang, Shi and Xue, reveals the true inside story of the society that gradually collapsed at the end of feudal society, and reflects the requirements of personality liberation and human rights equality and the initial democratic spirit of that era. A Dream of Red Mansions uses realistic writing techniques to describe and describe the rich real social life naturally and realistically, and creates a large number of typical characters. The author is good at depicting characters according to their status in daily life contradictions, and is good at using artistic atmosphere to contrast the inner feelings of characters. The characters in his works, Jia Baoyu, who is affectionate and full of rebellious spirit, Lin Daiyu, who is narcissistic and sentimental, Xue Baochai, who is kind and considerate, Wang Xifeng, who is fierce and vicious, You Erjie, who is patient and indomitable, are all lifelike. In the description of events and characters, the author uses the method of contrast to complement the descriptions of beauty and ugliness, emptiness and reality, and domination and being ruled, creating a subtle and profound artistic world. The language of A Dream of Red Mansions is concise and pure, accurate and vivid, rich and colorful, reaching the state of perfection. The use of poems and songs in the book has played a very good role in characterization and plot development. The brilliant achievement of A Dream of Red Mansions reached the peak of China's classical novels, which had a great influence on later family social novels.
Interviewee: Teana _ Kayin- Trainee Magician Level 3 1 1-22 20:25
Brief introduction of Cao Xueqin
Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, is known as Qin Pu. His ancestral home is Liaoyang, Liaoning, and his ancestors were originally Han nationality. Later, he worked as a "coating man" in Zhengbaiqi, Manchu ("coating" is a transliteration of Manchu, meaning domestic slave).
Cao Xueqin, the upper group of Cao Xueqin, was originally a junior officer stationed in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, and joined the army when he attacked Liaoyang about six years later. Cao remained neutral in the Ming-Jin War and the Rebellion War after entering the Shanhaiguan Pass, and successively served in Shanxi Zhiming, Jizhou, Zhejiang Yanfadao and other places. The rise of Cao family really began with Cao Yan array.
Cao's daughter-in-law, the wife of Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather, became the nanny of Emperor Kangxi. In the second year of Kangxi, Cao xi became Jiangning Weaving, which lasted for ***2 1 year and finally died in Jiangning Weaving. After Cao's death, Kangxi appointed his son to weave in Suzhou, and later succeeded Jiangning Weaving and Huai Shui Salt Inspection. Cao Yin and Kangxi had a deep friendship since childhood. When Kangxi was five years old, Cao Yin was in Bandu. Later, Cao Yin chose to hold a funeral for Kangxi, and the relationship between them became closer.
The Cao Yin generation was the heyday of the Cao family, and both of her daughters were chosen as princesses. Kangxi made six expeditions to the south, five of which took Cao Shi Jiangning Weaving Department as his palace, and the last four were during his tenure, which showed Cao Shi's prominent position in the city and his close relationship with Emperor Kangxi. Cao Yin was a famous scholar at that time, good at poetry and prose, and also a famous bibliophile. He once presided over the publication and engraving of "All Tang Poems" and "Pei Yunwen Fu". This family tradition has played a good role in cultivating Cao Xueqin's literary talent. After the death of Cao Yin, Kangxi ordered his son Cao Yong to inherit Jiangning weaving. Cao Qing died after three years in office. Kangxi appointed Cao Fu, the son of Cao Yin's younger brother Cao Quan, to adopt Cao Yin and succeed him in weaving. Cao Jiazu served as Jiangning Weaving for four generations for more than 60 years.
After Yongzheng came to power, he began to copy Cao Fu's home from his uncle Xu Li. Then he was sent to the most desolate and bitter place in Heilongjiang, where he froze to death and starved to death. In the fifth year of Yongzheng, Cao Fu was arrested for "harassing a post station" and was dismissed for "misbehaving, losing a lot of money in weaving" and "moving home belongings privately in an attempt to hide it". Cao Fujin went to prison and was shackled, so Cao Cao moved to Beijing.
Cao Xueqin said that he was Cao Yong's posthumous son and that he was Cao Fu's son. Cao Xueqin was born in the 54th year of Kangxi (17 15) or the 2nd year of Yongzheng (1724).
Cao Xueqin was still young when he moved back to Beijing after his family was copied. He was born in 13 years old. The specific situation of Cao's family after returning to Beijing is rarely recorded in the literature, but it is a fact that Cao's family has declined sharply since its property was looted. In the early years of Qianlong, the Cao family seemed to have suffered another greater disaster and failed completely from then on.
Cao Xueqin's life happened to experience the rise and fall of Cao Shi family. Before he was thirteen, he had lived a luxurious life in Nanjing. After he 13 moved to Beijing, he first worked in Zongxue for a period of time. According to the research of Redology, he met Guo Min and Guo Sheng brothers at that time. In his later years, in the western suburbs, his life was even more difficult. He fell from the top of the nobility to the bottom of the society in great changes, suffered from the indifference of the world, observed the sharp opposition between the rich and the poor in society, and clearly saw the decay and sin of his birth class. The hardships in life did not kill Cao Xueqin's ambition, but made him addicted to alcohol and showed his unyielding attitude towards reality.
Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution is his masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions, which was written in Cao Xueqin's miserable old age, and the creative process was very difficult. For the first time in the novel, Cao Xueqin said, "Cao Xueqin mourned for Hongxuan for ten years, with five increases and five decreases." It is really "every word is like blood, and ten years of hard work is extraordinary." It's a pity that he died, because his youngest son died, and he became sentimental and died of poverty and illness. Cao Xueqin died on New Year's Eve in the 27th year of Qianlong (1763). Another said that he died on New Year's Eve in the 28th year of Qianlong (1764), and the other said that he died in Shen Jiachu in the 29th year of Qianlong (1764). After Cao Xueqin's death, only the piano and sword on the wall and the bride falling were left, and several friends buried the great writer in a hurry.
Cao Xueqin's unfinished manuscript, entitled "The Story of the Stone", was basically finalized only eighty times. Some manuscripts after the 1980s were "lost" before they were sorted out. These eighty chapters began to spread among a few friends for thirty years. In the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (179 1), Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E printed and published in movable type for the first time, and the title of the book was changed from 120 times. The last forty chapters are generally considered to be continued by Gao E.
Taking A Dream of Red Mansions as the clue and the love between Bao and Dai as the tragic ending, the novel became a literary masterpiece with complete structure and story, and it has had a great social impact since then. Some chapters and paragraphs in the sequel are wonderful and vivid, such as the death of Daiyu. But as far as the overall ideology and art are concerned, there is still a considerable distance from assistance. Some characters have lost their individuality, and some plots have obviously deviated from the original spirit, such as the resurrection of Jia Fu and the description of Gui Lan Qi Fang.
Brief introduction of Cao Xueqin's life
In the second year of Yongzheng (Chen Jia 1724), he was born on April 26th.
In the third year of Yongzheng (Yisi 1725), on April 26th, Mangzhong ushered in its first birthday, so it was marked by Mangzhong.
In the sixth year of Yongzheng (Wu Shen 1728), his father Cao Fu was convicted of theft and returned to Beijing. Live in the mouth of garlic market.
In the first year of Qianlong (Chen Bing 1736), all kinds of "sinful money" were pardoned and the family recovered well-off. Thirteen years old (in the book, I will visit my mother on the Lantern Festival until New Year's Eve. Baoyu is thirteen, too. It happened on April 26, 2008, which happened to be the Ear and Seed Festival (the flower party in the book).
In the second year of Qianlong (D 4 1737), in the first month, Kangxi City fell. Chen is the biological mother of Wang Yinxi in the county (the "old princess" in the book has passed away).
In the fifth year of Qianlong (Geng Shen 1740), Hongxi, the eldest son of Prince Kangxi Yinwa, tried to set up a court, and stabbed Qianlong in the back, but failed. Qin Xue's family was dragged down again, and it was stolen, so the family broke up. Xueqin is poor and wandering. He used to be a writer in the internal affairs department.
In the 19th year of Qianlong (JOE 1754), the final edition of Re-evaluating Stone in Chiyanzhai was copied (unfinished).
Twenty years after Qianlong (Yihai 1755), the story of the stone continues.
In the twenty-first year of Qianlong (Bingzi 1756), the fat batch before the seventy-fifth session recorded: "In the twenty-first year of Qianlong, Bingzi was cleared on the seventh day of May. Lack of Mid-Autumn Poems, as soon as Xueqin. " For the progress of the manuscript at that time. Written by Zhi Yanzhai and Tamenosuke.
In the 22nd year of Qianlong (Ding Chou 1757), my friend Duncheng wrote a poem in memory of Cao Xueqin. Looking back at the night talk of the right-wing religion, I advised not to be a rich foodie. "It is better to write a book in Huangye Village." At this point, Xueqin has gone to Xishan and left Liang's home in Dunhuibo (Shihu Hutong in Xicheng).
In the 23rd year of Qianlong (Wuyin 1758), his friend Dunmin naturally wrote poems from Xiacun to Guiwei and sang many poems about Xueqin.
Twenty-four years of Qianlong (Bazaar 1759), now the bazaar edition and the manuscript of "The Story of the Stone" are preserved, and the date of "Yan Zhi's comment on writing" begins.
In the twenty-five years of Qianlong (Chen Geng 1760), Chen Geng Edition and The Story of the Stone were reviewed by Yan Zhai four times.
After twenty-six years of Qianlong (Xinsi 176 1), he returned to Jinling and Beijing. Every time a friend's poem says that "the old dream of Qinhuai still exists" and "the official is depressed and dreams of returning to his hometown", it implies the writing of A Dream of Red Mansions.
In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (Renwu 1762), Dunmin wrote "Wine Song with Knife" to record the drinking situation when Xueqin visited in late autumn. Fat criticism: "Chongyang in the afternoon" has the saying that "it is urgent to ask for books". No more comment on writing after Chongyang. When there is a story.
In the 28th year of Qianlong (Imperial concubine 1763), in late spring and February, Dunmin invited Xueqin to get together in early March (for Duncheng's birthday). Not yet. In autumn, I love my son with acne, and my sadness becomes ill. Fat criticism: "... Qin cried to death before the book was finished;" I cried for Xueqin, but my tears are still waiting to run out ... "It was recorded as the death of" Renwu Eve ",which was proved to be a mistake by textual research. He died at the age of forty.
In the 29th year of Qianlong (Shen Jia 1764), Duncheng wrote a poem: "Xiaofeng brushed an inscription yesterday" and "Forty years is too thin", all of which are historical evidences.
In the Qing dynasty, only a few people knew who Cao Xueqin was, and the average person knew nothing, and even could not assert whether there was such a person. In the early 1920s, Hu Shi took Cao Xueqin as a serious literary subject for the first time, and made textual research on his real existence and family background. Since then, there are few systematic and in-depth discussions about Cao Xueqin himself. In the New Biography of Cao Xueqin (Shandong Pictorial Publishing House), Mr. Zhou made a systematic and in-depth discussion on Cao Xueqin himself. Starting from Cao Xueqin's "center of the circle", he constantly extended the radius to his whole family and the whole background of his time, thus enriching Cao Xueqin's thought, personality and artistic pursuit. The book consists of two main clues, one is the history of Cao Shi's family management, and the other is the history of Qin Xue's psychology. The two clues are intertwined and relatively independent. Under the traction of two clues, guide readers to know and understand Cao Xueqin.
References:
Interviewee: Tian Tian _ Yun-Assistant Level 2 1 1-22 20:28
Brief introduction of Cao Xueqin
Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, is known as Qin Pu. His ancestral home is Liaoyang, Liaoning, and his ancestors were originally Han nationality. Later, he worked as a "coating man" in Zhengbaiqi, Manchu ("coating" is a transliteration of Manchu, meaning domestic slave).
Cao Xueqin, the upper group of Cao Xueqin, was originally a junior officer stationed in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, and joined the army when he attacked Liaoyang about six years later. Cao remained neutral in the Ming-Jin War and the Rebellion War after entering the Shanhaiguan Pass, and successively served in Shanxi Zhiming, Jizhou, Zhejiang Yanfadao and other places. The rise of Cao family really began with Cao Yan array.
Cao's daughter-in-law, the wife of Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather, became the nanny of Emperor Kangxi. In the second year of Kangxi, Cao xi became Jiangning Weaving, which lasted for ***2 1 year and finally died in Jiangning Weaving. After Cao's death, Kangxi appointed his son to weave in Suzhou, and later succeeded Jiangning Weaving and Huai Shui Salt Inspection. Cao Yin and Kangxi had a deep friendship since childhood. When Kangxi was five years old, Cao Yin was in Bandu. Later, Cao Yin chose to hold a funeral for Kangxi, and the relationship between them became closer.
The Cao Yin generation was the heyday of the Cao family, and both of her daughters were chosen as princesses. Kangxi made six expeditions to the south, five of which took Cao Shi Jiangning Weaving Department as his palace, and the last four were during his tenure, which showed Cao Shi's prominent position in the city and his close relationship with Emperor Kangxi. Cao Yin was a famous scholar at that time, good at poetry and prose, and also a famous bibliophile. He once presided over the publication and engraving of "All Tang Poems" and "Pei Yunwen Fu". This family tradition has played a good role in cultivating Cao Xueqin's literary talent. After the death of Cao Yin, Kangxi ordered his son Cao Yong to inherit Jiangning weaving. Cao Qing died after three years in office. Kangxi appointed Cao Fu, the son of Cao Yin's younger brother Cao Quan, to adopt Cao Yin and succeed him in weaving. Cao Jiazu served as Jiangning Weaving for four generations for more than 60 years.
After Yongzheng came to power, he began to copy Cao Fu's home from his uncle Xu Li. Then he was sent to the most desolate and bitter place in Heilongjiang, where he froze to death and starved to death. In the fifth year of Yongzheng, Cao Fu was arrested for "harassing a post station" and was dismissed for "misbehaving, losing a lot of money in weaving" and "moving home belongings privately in an attempt to hide it". Cao Fujin went to prison and was shackled, so Cao Cao moved to Beijing.
Cao Xueqin said that he was Cao Yong's posthumous son and that he was Cao Fu's son. Cao Xueqin was born in the 54th year of Kangxi (17 15) or the 2nd year of Yongzheng (1724).
Cao Xueqin was still young when he moved back to Beijing after his family was copied. He was born in 13 years old. The specific situation of Cao's family after returning to Beijing is rarely recorded in the literature, but it is a fact that Cao's family has declined sharply since its property was looted. In the early years of Qianlong, the Cao family seemed to have suffered another greater disaster and failed completely from then on.
Cao Xueqin's life happened to experience the rise and fall of Cao Shi family. Before he was thirteen, he had lived a luxurious life in Nanjing. After he 13 moved to Beijing, he first worked in Zongxue for a period of time. According to the research of Redology, he met Guo Min and Guo Sheng brothers at that time. In his later years, in the western suburbs, his life was even more difficult. He fell from the top of the nobility to the bottom of the society in great changes, suffered from the indifference of the world, observed the sharp opposition between the rich and the poor in society, and clearly saw the decay and sin of his birth class. The hardships in life did not kill Cao Xueqin's ambition, but made him addicted to alcohol and showed his unyielding attitude towards reality.
Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution is his masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions, which was written in Cao Xueqin's miserable old age, and the creative process was very difficult. For the first time in the novel, Cao Xueqin said, "Cao Xueqin mourned for Hongxuan for ten years, with five increases and five decreases." It is really "every word is like blood, and ten years of hard work is extraordinary." It's a pity that he died, because his youngest son died, and he became sentimental and died of poverty and illness. Cao Xueqin died on New Year's Eve in the 27th year of Qianlong (1763). Another said that he died on New Year's Eve in the 28th year of Qianlong (1764), and the other said that he died in Shen Jiachu in the 29th year of Qianlong (1764). After Cao Xueqin's death, only the piano and sword on the wall and the bride falling were left, and several friends buried the great writer in a hurry.
Cao Xueqin's unfinished manuscript, entitled "The Story of the Stone", was basically finalized only eighty times. Some manuscripts after the 1980s were "lost" before they were sorted out. These eighty chapters began to spread among a few friends for thirty years. In the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (179 1), Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E printed and published in movable type for the first time, and the title of the book was changed from 120 times. The last forty chapters are generally considered to be continued by Gao E.
Taking A Dream of Red Mansions as the clue and the love between Bao and Dai as the tragic ending, the novel became a literary masterpiece with complete structure and story, and it has had a great social impact since then. Some chapters and paragraphs in the sequel are wonderful and vivid, such as the death of Daiyu. But as far as the overall ideology and art are concerned, there is still a considerable distance from assistance. Some characters have lost their individuality, and some plots have obviously deviated from the original spirit, such as the resurrection of Jia Fu and the description of Gui Lan Qi Fang.
Cao Xueqin is "fat, with a wide head and black color". He is arrogant, cynical and unrestrained. Alcoholic, talented and talkative. Cao Xueqin is a poet. His poems are novel in conception and close in style to Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His friend Duncheng once praised him and said, "Love your poem is wonderful, and you can catch up with the long valley broken fence fan." He added, "I know that your poems are as bold as iron and as cold as the Taoist camp." However, there are only two lines in his sincere poem Pipa Xing: "The White Fuji Mausoleum should be very happy and will teach barbarians to put on airs."
Cao Xueqin is also a painter and likes to paint abrupt and steep stones. Dunmin's "Painting Stone in Qinyuan" said: "Proud as a strange monarch, more jagged. Drunk as a pen swept away. Write a thunder in your chest. " It can be seen that when he painted stones, he put his chest on the grievances. Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution lies in his novel creation. His novel A Dream of Red Mansions is rich in content, profound in thought and exquisite in art, which pushes China's classical novel creation to a peak and occupies a very important position in the history of literary development.
After fifteen years of Qianlong, he left Beijing and moved to the western suburbs. Cao Xueqin's life in his later years was even more bleak and miserable. "The whole family often eats porridge and drinks on credit." He is poor and has no medical care. In addition, his young son died, and his novel A Dream of Red Mansions was not finished, so he died, which left us with many regrets.
Cao Xueqin was influenced by literature and art from an early age. His grandfather, Cao Yingong, was a famous bibliophile at that time because of his poems and calligraphy. Influenced by his grandfather, Cao Xueqin is good at painting and has many artistic talents. After moving to the western suburbs of Beijing, under difficult circumstances, he "studied for ten years, added and deleted five times" and created the immortal realistic masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions. The current version of A Dream of Red Mansions *** 120, and the last 40 chapters are generally considered as Gao E's sequel.
Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions is world-famous, while his other work, Collection of Waste Art Studio, is a record of China's technology, so it is only circulated among people who love skills. In this book, Cao Xueqin broke the old idea of China literati that "those who work hard are despised by gentlemen", and recorded in detail eight major techniques, such as epigraphy, flying kites, weaving, printing and dyeing, cooking and garden design, so as to enable the disabled to keep healthy and make up for their congenital and acquired deficiencies. Cao Xueqin once enthusiastically taught the disabled to tie kites in Shudu and helped him to support his family with this industry. In the prefaces of Kite Flying in the South and Kite Flying in the North, he said: It's New Year's Eve, and I always braved the snow. Full of ducks, wine and fresh vegetables, I happily said to the sun, "I didn't want to fly three or five kites, but I got a heavy reward;" The income is * * * exclusive ... "This not only reflects the friendship between Cao Xueqin and his uncle, but also reflects Cao Xueqin's noble feelings of helping the weak and helping the poor.
A Dream of Red Mansions takes the aristocratic feudal family life as the material, takes the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu and the marriage tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Xue Baochai as the warp, and vertically analyzes the profound social roots that caused the tragedy. At the same time, taking the rise and fall of Jia Fu as a parallel, through the conflict between Jia, Shi, Wang, Xue and other defenders and rebels, the broad social life environment composed of many characters is horizontally displayed. This reveals all kinds of evils in feudal society and their insurmountable internal contradictions. It broadly and profoundly reflected the social reality of China at that time, strongly criticized the debauchery and corruption of feudal families, and showed the historical trend that feudal system was on the verge of collapse and inevitable demise.
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Respondent: Tan Zhang 1987- New to Jianghu Level 2 1 1-22 20:28.
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Respondent: Three years in a dream-Hua Tan 1 1 grade 1 1-22 20:30.
Cao Xueqin and A Dream of Red Mansions are still a mystery. Ghosts don't know. What we know is not credible!