1. Bi Sheng invented movable type printing
During the Song Dynasty, engraving printing was very popular.
The process of engraving printing is as follows: firstly, the wood is sawed into boards with the same size to make it smooth, then writing on a piece of thin paper, sticking it on the board in reverse, carving it into raised characters with a knife, then inking it, laying paper on it, lightly brushing it on the paper with a soft brush, and taking it off, so that the paper has black characters on a white background. The number of words in a book is naturally quite large, and there are more than one carved board, each of which is printed in this way. After all the printing work is finished and bound page by page, it becomes a book.
At that time, there was a woodcarving master who was known as the "King of Divine Knife" in Xishan, Hangzhou, and he was well-known for his kung fu under the knife. Many people come to worship the teacher, and the "King of Knife" does not accept anything. But in his later years, he accepted a small apprentice from a civilian background-Bi Sheng. What is the reason? It turned out that the "King of Excalibur" not only took a fancy to Bi Sheng's dexterity, but also liked his honest and honest conduct. He felt that if he passed on his skills to such people, he would be able to die with his eyes closed.
Bi Sheng has been studying with the "Knife King" for several years, and his skills have greatly improved. On one occasion, the master carved the Preface to the Orchid Pavilion by Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Jin Dynasty, and let Bi Sheng watch and ponder. Who knows the last line left, Bi Sheng accidentally touched the master's arm and carved the word "zhi" under the knife.
Bi Sheng is very sad. At night, he lies in bed, tossing and turning, unable to sleep. First he secretly blamed himself, and then an idea suddenly came to him: engraving printing is too troublesome, can it be changed? From that day on, he thought about it as soon as he was free. One day, while walking by the West Lake, he found a Jianghu painter putting a stamp on a landscape painting. When he took a closer look, it was really fresh. The painter actually strung three stamps together.
Bi Sheng was interested for a while. Suddenly, he clapped his hands and shouted happily, "There's a way! There is a way! "
He ran back to his residence, made blocks out of clay, and when he was dry, he carved the reverse word, word for word. Then burn these movable types with fire and arrange them in a special wooden lattice according to rhyme; Then arrange the movable type in an iron frame and fix it as needed. So you can print the book with ink.
movable type printing is convenient and economical. This new technology was soon spread all over the world.
2: Write down your dreams
On November 27th, 194, he was born in San Francisco, USA, and his English name was Bruce Lee. Because his father was an actor, he had the opportunity to walk on since he was a child, so he had the dream of becoming an actor. But because of his weak body, his father asked him to learn martial arts from his teacher to strengthen his body. In 1961, he was admitted to Washington State University to major in philosophy. Later, he got married and had children like all normal people. But deep down in his heart, he never gave up his dream of being an actor for a moment.
One day, when he was talking about his dream with a friend, he casually wrote down his life goal on a note-"I, Bruce Lee, will be the highest paid superstar in the United States. In return, I will give the most exciting and powerful performance. From 197, I will win a worldwide reputation. By 198, I will have a wealth of 1 million US dollars. At that time, my family and I will live a happy, harmonious and happy life. " When he wrote this note, his life was down and out. It is not difficult to imagine what kind of ridicule this note would cause if it was seen by others.
however, he deeply engraved these words in his heart. In order to realize his dream, he overcame countless difficulties unimaginable to ordinary people. For example, he had been in bed for four months because of a spinal nerve injury, but then he miraculously stood up. In 1971, the goddess of fate finally smiled at him. His films "Tangshan Big Brother", "Jingwumen" and "The Raptors Crossing the River" all rearranged Hong Kong box office records. In 1972, he starred in The enter the dragon, which was co-produced by Hong Kong Golden Harvest Company and Warner Company of the United States. This film made him an international superstar-known as "forbidden kingdom".
In p>1998, Time magazine named him as one of the "heroes of the 2th century", and he was the only Chinese selected. He is Bruce Lee, an "Asian most recognized by Europeans" and a Chinese star with the highest reputation in the world. In July 1973, he died of illness just after his career reached its peak. At the "Bruce Lee Relics Auction" held in California, USA, this note was bought by a collector at a high price of $29,, and at the same time, 2, legally photocopied copies were immediately snapped up, so that the host of the auction shouted: "This is why it is necessary for you to write down what you think immediately." Write down your dreams, even on a humble note.
3: The story of Zhu De's pole being stolen
The population of Jinggangshan is less than 2,, and the grain yield is less than 1, tons. There is very little grain, which is only enough for people's own use. The troops have to go to the foot of the mountain to eat and store grain. Therefore, in those days when the Red Army soldiers struggled in Jinggangshan, "picking the valley and going to the depression" became a regular work of the army.
It's fifty or sixty miles from Jinggangshan to Mao Ping in Ninggang at the foot of the mountain. The mountain is high and the road is steep, so it's really difficult to walk. Especially the road from Taoliao to Huang Yangjie, even if you walk empty-handed, you are too tired, and it is even more difficult to carry a burden on your shoulders. Therefore, every time I transport grain, I always get up early and go back to the mountains in the dark. At that time, Zhu Junchang was over forty years old, but he always went to transport grain with everyone, and every time he was full. Everyone saw that Zhu Jun had to plan a major battle in the evening and take part in labor during the day, so they advised him not to pick grain for fear of exhausting him. But Zhu Junchang said humorously, "I have my share in eating and picking grain! Just eating and not picking food, isn't that the exploiting class? "
what should I do? A Red Army came up with a "clever plan". One day, the team will go to Mao Ping to pick food. Before dawn, everyone got up. After dinner, some set off with a laundry list, some with hemp bags on their backs, and some with cloth bags. Zhu Junchang was also ready to leave, so he went to get the pole in the corner. Strange? The shoulder pole suddenly disappeared and could not be found.
where is Zhu junchang's shoulder pole? It turned out that the Red Army soldiers deliberately hid the pole in order to let Zhu Junchang have a rest at home. Who knows everyone has just set foot on Huang Yangjie, and Zhu Junchang is carrying a laundry list again, sweating profusely to catch up. When he sat down to rest, people discovered that Zhu Junchang had cut a new pole. A few days later, the pole disappeared again, and Zhu Junchang cut a new pole. Moreover, in the middle of the pole, five characters "Zhu De's pole" were written.
Since then, no one has "stolen" Zhu Junchang's shoulder pole.
Zhu Junchang's spirit of sharing weal and woe with the soldiers and his exemplary action of setting an example have deeply educated everyone. Not long after, a Red Army soldier also wrote a ballad: "Zhu De picked the grain and went to the depression, and the grain was absolutely reliable. Together with Qi Xin, we smashed the enemy's encirclement and suppression." Whenever you are tired of picking food and climbing mountains, Red Army soldiers use this ballad to encourage each other. Zhu De's spirit of sharing weal and woe with the soldiers and his exemplary actions by setting an example have inspired the Red Army soldiers to overcome difficulties and their confidence in defeating the enemy.
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