poetic sentiment
Cao Cao has profound cultivation in literature, calligraphy and music. He is the author of Sun Tzu's Art of War, Sun Tzu's Art of War and Meng De's New Book. Good poems, such as Hao, Guan Hai, Gui's longevity, etc. Express their political ambitions and reflect the miserable life of the people at the end of Han Dynasty. His literary achievements are mainly reflected in today's poems, and his prose is also very distinctive.
There are more than twenty poems by Cao Cao, all of which are Yuefu poems. The content can be roughly divided into three categories. One is related to current affairs, the other is mainly to express ideals, and the other is poetry about immortals.
His works related to current affairs include Lu Luxing, Good Li Xing, Bitter Cold Travel, Walking Out of Xiamen, etc. Two songs, Autumn Journey and Good, were written in the early years of Jian 'an. The foregoing reflects that He Jinmou murdered eunuchs, and Dong Zhuo went to Luoyang for insurrection. The second article is about the states and counties in Kanto, each with its own ambitions, fighting with each other, and keeping pace with each other in content. The Psalm wrote this historical process in concise language, so it is known as? A true record of the late Han Dynasty, a true history of poetry? [89] 。 What is particularly commendable is that in the poem "A Journey to Luxury", he wrote the profound sufferings of the broad masses of the people in the war with a sympathetic tone. A louse, ten thousand people die, white bones are exposed in the wild, there is no crow in a thousand miles, and a hundred people stay. It is heartbreaking to read. ? A Journey to Bitter Cold was written in the 11th year of Jian 'an. The poem describes the coldness, desolation and precipitousness of Taihang Mountain in winter, with vivid images, and also writes the poet's inner complex feelings. "Out of Xiamen" was written in the twelfth year of Jian 'an, and the five rings levied three counties. Poetry includes? Yan? (prelude) and four solutions. ? Yan? The focus is on the poet's complex mood when he went to war. A solution? Looking at the sea? Write impressions when marching through Jieshi; The second solution? Winter and October? Three solutions? Different soils? Write down what you saw on your way home; Four solutions? Although turtles live long? Write down the ideological activities after winning this important battle. Among them? Looking at the sea? Describe the sea view. The autumn wind is bleak, Hongbo surges, and the journey of the sun and the moon comes out; Han is a talented star. What if he becomes famous? Magnificent and bold in style, it embodies the poet's broad mind of containing the universe and devouring the sun and the moon. ? Although turtles live long? Use a series of vivid metaphors to express the poet's views on life and career: an old horse crouching tiger, aiming at a thousand miles, a martyr always makes a difference? . This is the true confession of the poet's active and enterprising spirit all his life.
The poems that mainly express ideals are Du Guan Shan, Duijiu, and Short Song. The first two articles are about political ideals. His vision of peace and prosperity is the politics of virtuous monarch and good minister, which combines Confucianism and law with kindness and prestige. This is undoubtedly of progressive significance under the realistic background of social destruction in the late Han Dynasty. The theme of "Short Song" is seeking the virtuous. The mountain is not too high, the sea is not too deep, the duke of Zhou vomits food, and the world returns to the heart? Poetry is like expressing one's thirst for talent, and recruiting talents to achieve its great cause.
In artistic style, Cao Cao's poems are unpretentious and unpretentious. They won with deep affection and charm. Poetically, it is characterized by generosity and sadness. Generosity and sadness, originally the keynote of Jian 'an literature, are the most typical and prominent in Cao Cao's poems. In terms of poetic genre, Cao Cao's Yuefu poems did not copy the rules of Han Yuefu, but developed. For example, Lu Luxing and Good Li Xing are both elegies in the Han Yuefu, but he used old topics to express brand-new contents. Cao Cao initiated the tradition of writing current affairs with Yuefu, which had far-reaching influence. A large number of Yuefu poems created by Jian 'an writers and many poets from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty can be said to be the inheritance and development of this tradition.
Cao Cao's achievements in literature are also reflected in his constructive role in Jian 'an literature (see Seven Children of Jian 'an). Jian 'an literature can flourish under the background of long-term war and social fragmentation, which is inseparable from his attention and promotion. When discussing the reasons for the prosperity of Jian 'an literature, Liu Xie once pointed out? Wei Wu likes to write poems about kings? . In fact, the main writers in Jian 'an period were closely related to him. Cao Pi and Cao Zhi are his sons. Seven sons? There are Cai Yan and others. , also take refuge in his shadow. Can you say that? Ye group? It was formed on the basis of the material conditions he provided; And their creation is also under the influence of his advocacy.
In addition, Cao Cao has many other articles handed down from generation to generation, such as Please Increase Guo Jia's knighthood list, Let the county magistrate know his own story, Repair the Book and the King, Wenxuan Commemorating Qiu's Old Bridge, etc. Simple words, vivid feelings, fluency and frankness.
According to the textual research of Yao Zhenzong's Records of the Three Kingdoms of Qing Dynasty, Cao Cao's works include 30 volumes of Wei Wudi Collection, Sun Tzu's Art of War 1 Volume, 13 Volume and so on. There are more than ten kinds of works, but most of them have been lost, and the only one that exists is Sun Tzu's Note. 145 poems collected by Zhang Yan in Ming Dynasty were included in Wei Wudi Collection and 103 in Records of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Ding's Collection of Celebrities in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties also includes Wei Wudi's Collection, which has slightly more works than Zhang Pu's Collection. 1959, according to Ding Ben, Zhonghua Book Company added the Note of Sun Tzu, attached? Emperor Wu Ji, Chronology of Cao Cao, etc. Reprinted as Cao Cao Ji.
calligraphy
Cao Cao is a generation of calligraphers but little known, mainly because there are few calligraphy works handed down by Cao Cao. The book review in the Tang Dynasty said: Fuck books are like golden flowers, exquisite everywhere, and jade shines brightly. .
Zhang Hua, a Sikong in the Western Jin Dynasty, said in the Natural History:? In Han Dynasty, Anping Cui Yuan, Zhang Ziya, Hongnong and Zhilichang were good at cursive script, while Taizu was good at cursive script. ?
Yu Jianwu, a calligraphy critic in the Southern Dynasties, divided the calligraphy works of ancient celebrities into: Shang, Zhong,
The next three products, each product is divided into upper, middle and lower, * * * nine products; He listed Cao Cao's calligraphy works as the best in China, and called them? Li Mo bear fight? . Zhang Huaiguan, a calligrapher and critic in the Tang Dynasty, divided calligraphers into three categories according to their artistic achievements: outstanding people are gods, skilled workers are wonderful, and unconventional people are capable; He called Cao Cao in the calligraphy review monograph Shu Duan? You work hard, and no one can match you? , its Cao Zhang project as a wonderful product. From this point of view, although Cao Cao's calligraphy works can not be regarded as excellent and top grade, they can also be regarded as famous calligraphers in China.
According to historical records, he often studied calligraphy with famous calligraphers at that time, such as Zhong You, Liang You, Han Danchun, Sun, etc. Especially the words of his favorite secretary Liang You hung in his account for careful consideration and appreciation. Sometimes I can't sleep at night, so I get up slowly, thinking about Gu Liang's words nailed all over the wall. Not only that, but he also asked Liang Huan to write Wei Gong Tablet, which can be said to be more than one bargained for. There is also a little-known story between him and Zhong You: Zhong You devoted his life to calligraphy. When Cao Cao learned that Zhong You had borrowed a calligraphy monograph left by Cai Yong, a great calligrapher, he was so angry after being rejected that he hated vomiting blood, so he gave his special five pills to Zhong You to take.
Although Cao Cao is a good writer, probably because he was busy with war and politics, he didn't have the opportunity to write, so there was little ink circulating around the world.
Joe in Tongzhi? In A Brief History of Jin Dynasty, there is only one Great Yi Bei written by Cao Cao. Yang Shen in the Ming Dynasty only talked about the River Festival Table written by Cao Cao in the Yuan Dynasty. Qing Ye's "Yi Bao" said in "Jin Shilu" that Cao Cao was in Wuchang? Yellow Crane Tower? Have you ever written a book that is particularly large, awe-inspiring, vivid and correct? Chung platform? Three words. There are only two words left in the world, that is, what did Cao Cao write on a big stone of Nanbao River in Shimen when he was in Hanzhong? Snow? The word has moved into Hanzhong Museum. What do you see in Bozhou Caocao underground troop transport road? Snow? The word "two" was added according to the extension for a moment; The first two official script fine print? Wang Wei? Because it is straightforward and vague, it is imitated by future generations.