It has far-reaching significance, as if it were aimed at our children and grandchildren. Please read it several times first and see if you can read it correctly. If you finally understand, you will feel very happy. If you can't break the sentence, then listen to me in detail.
Read the words first. I know almost every word of the twelve characters, but a few words are unclear: Chu, shame, bow and detention. Think about it, "out" means "out". What does this mean? There is a word "word" in front of it, which can be inferred to mean "words must be done" and "shame". Originally it means "shame", but here it obviously means "shame" and "shame". Thinking of this idiom, "bow" means "oneself" and "oneself". The word "arrest" is more difficult, but as long as we recall Chen Qingbiao's "arrest and holy dynasty", we can know that "arrest" means "harmony", which means "reaching".
After the words are basically clear, let's look at the sentences. After reading it, you will know that this is a judgment sentence "..., ... is also a" type ". So we can confidently sum up that sentence: "The ancients couldn't speak and were embarrassed to bow." Then, the meaning of that sentence was understood and translated into vernacular Chinese: "The ancients didn't say anything because they were ashamed to do it." To put it bluntly, the ancients did not speak easily or promise easily, for fear that they could not do it. Confucius is teaching his disciples to be trustworthy, honest, don't talk big, and don't promise others easily.
So far, we have basically understood these twelve words.
"Bow" and "catch" are words with different meanings in ancient and modern times. "Shame" is a word, meaning, and belongs to the flexible use of parts of speech; "Can't say" means syntax, inverted sentences and "can't say", which can be understood as canceling independence and "can't say"; "Who ... who ... who ...
Look, this short sentence covers almost all the grammatical features of ancient Chinese. Moreover, it is so simple and charming. From the above example, we can know the second difficulty and charm of learning classical Chinese.
There are two difficulties. 1. Language barriers: Some words in classical Chinese are no longer used or seldom used, some words have changed their meanings, and some sentences have been shortened and reversed today. The second is the age gap, the background of the article is different, and the culture (such as habits) of that year has migrated.
There are two charms. First, as the source of modern Chinese, it is closely related to our ideological language. Second, after the big waves washed the sand, most of the ancient prose that has been passed down to this day is the essence of precipitation.
There are two reasons why we have a headache about classical Chinese: First, we think that classical Chinese is talking about old scores, but it is a valuable file of our ancestors' thoughts all their lives. Only by understanding the past can we better understand today. The second is that learning ancient Chinese by rote is too boring. As everyone knows, there are many interesting stories in ancient China, how many emotions are flesh and blood and how many souls are bittersweet! As long as you really walk in, you will be full of interest and won't feel bored at all.
Ok, let's taste, appreciate and learn together in the future.
2. Write a paragraph on the topic of feeling ancient Chinese. If you swim in the scene of a book, learn to write words. Then the beauty of the article will spread for thousands of years. The words of various philosophers, the theory of a hundred schools, choose silent music to attract beautiful jade talents. Read the above cases and think about the present. And the word is Sichuan and the chapter is like the sea. Full of tourists, thinking and wandering. Looking at good historical works, I am happy for the feeling of writing well. Its emperor is in China, and several generations rise and fall, and the princes will be the same, and the fame will succeed or fail. The article is ambitious and decorated with fragrant orchids. Rich work, horizontal and golden jade. An outspoken and heroic minister, a traitor, and a vicious example. If you think about it several times, then the language of * * * is almost ancient. Think about it above and below. Flying around, traveling around the world. There is a surge of desire for scholars and arrogance for the essence of the ancients. Connected with the spirit of the letter as a souvenir between the sun and the moon. The blessing of this book is also. Have you read it? "
It was written by vest before. It imitated seven rounds from beginning to end.
3. What is the experience of a small classical Chinese class that can make students feel the exquisite and profound language?
1. Vivid words
The ancients paid great attention to the vivid use of words, and its subtlety lies in its image and rich content. The word "goodness" in Boya Juexian is the word of the whole text. "Boya is good at drumming and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening." Yu Boya is good at playing the piano and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. "Boya Guqin, aim at the mountains, and Zhong Ziqi said,' OK, I am like Mount Tai!' When Yu Boya plays the piano, he thinks of high mountains. Zhong Ziqi said, "Well, I seem to see a towering Mount Tai standing in front of my eyes!" "Zhong Ziqi pointed to the running water and said,' Good, like a river!' ""Yu Boya thought of running water, and Zhong Ziqi said,' Well, I seem to see a rushing river! "In short, Yu Boya thought that Zhong Ziqi would know his mind. The word "goodness" fully expresses that Zhong Ziqi is Boya's confidant.
2. Special sentence patterns
Classical Chinese has not changed much in vocabulary, and many words are migrated from modern Chinese, but the sentence pattern has great particularity, which is worthy of primary school students' initial perception. It is not to let students know what kind of sentence patterns they are, as long as they have the prototype of sentence patterns in their minds, which will lay the foundation for the future study of classical Chinese. There are several simple sentence patterns in several ancient prose in primary schools: judgment sentence, ellipsis sentence, interrogative sentence and negative sentence.
4. What are the classical Chinese texts about learning? (1) Classical Chinese is wonderful. Of course, there is no doubt about it. Classical Chinese is an important part of China traditional culture. This shows that the history of modern civilization in China is still very short, and it is necessary to deconstruct or interpret the traditional culture, because the inheritance of traditional wisdom is based on the correct interpretation of classical Chinese.
(2) Classical Chinese is knowledge. This is right, because classical Chinese is no longer a language, it is purely a kind of writing. But classical Chinese is knowledge, and so is Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Why not learn from Oracle Bone Inscriptions? By the way, it is precisely because Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a relatively primitive writing, so classical Chinese is the basis for further study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and other traditional advanced writing (learning).
(3) Classical Chinese is also a skill. The expression, description, combination, transformation, metaphor, comparison and deduction of Chinese fully bear the style of Chinese civilization in ideological expression. Mastering the physical structure of classical Chinese has a profound understanding of modern Chinese, and there are "laws" to follow in the construction of new Chinese.
(4) "Classical Chinese" is the antonym of "vernacular Chinese". The structure of this word is as follows: classical Chinese-Chinese. The first "text" is "writing" and "speech" is language. "Classical Chinese" refers to "written language". It shows two meanings: first, it shows that classical Chinese is a language; Secondly, the language was written later. "Written" language also has two meanings: one is a culture that can have language without words, for example, most ethnic minorities only have language without words; Secondly, the function of language quits life and becomes history in the form of words.
The literal meaning of "classical Chinese" should be: the written language style. The latter's "text" refers to style.
(5) Does classical Chinese have a "future" besides archaeological research? In other words, what life application value will it have? I think there is. When the traditional life style fades out of modern society, people just ignore the social life in some marginal fields, which leads to the suspicion or neglect of classical Chinese in modern application. For example, in religious buildings, some inscriptions will still be written in classical Chinese, or in calligraphy and engraved with tools. The application of seal script is also mostly the same.
(6) The word "classical Chinese" can also include the relationship between language and writing in cultural history. In a certain form, once a language-including dialects-has "culture" and "writing", that is, writing, its language charm is reduced, while the function of writing is doubled. Because language is usually passed down orally and closely related to life, language has not yet entered the cultural state. It is the retention of life experience, without the expansion of words.
(7) In the process of reading classical Chinese, we will inevitably have an illusion: Did the ancients say so? I think this can be "felt" through the differences in the expression of written and spoken languages in the present tense, and there is not much difference in the structural rules between them. It can also be speculated that the ancient people's speech is just more casual, albino and popular than classical Chinese, and "three words and two beats" can also be used as a reference. As for reading classical Chinese now, of course, it does not mean repeating the words of the ancients, but reciting or silently reading a style.
(8) When reading classical Chinese, I feel that my thinking is very clear, just like reading the works of western philosophers occasionally, which is very solemn.
5. What classical Chinese are there to describe the bad mood? 1. "Spring Sorrow" Autumn:
Spring sorrow is hard to vent, so I look at the distant mountains with strong spirits. The past is shocking and tears will flow down. e 799 bee 5 baa 6e 78988 e 69d 833 133343 1356662
Vernacular translation: spring worries are hard to get rid of, and I am forced to look at the distant mountains. The past was shocking and tears streamed down my face.
Second, Su Shi's Donglan Pear Flower:
I am disappointed, just like a pear in Dongzhu, how thoroughly and clearly I see this complicated secular life in the earthly and self-clearing.
I feel blue, just like a pear flower as white as snow in Donglan, living in the secular world and clearing myself. How thoroughly and clearly I see this complicated secular life.
Third, "Yu Meiren Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon" Li Yu:
When is the moon in spring and autumn? How much do you know about the past?
The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them.
How much sadness can you have? Like a river flowing eastward.
Vernacular translation: When will this year end? We know how many past events! Last night, the spring breeze blew from the small building again. How can I bear the pain of missing my hometown in this bright night? Carefully carved railings and jade steps should still be there, but the people I miss are aging. Ask me how much sadness I have in my heart, just like this endless spring water rolling east.
Fourth, "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" Ma Zhiyuan
Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses.
When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
At dusk, the returning crow landed on an old tree covered with dead vines. There are streams flowing under the bridge, and there are several nearby. The bleak westerly man on the ancient road is leading a thin horse. As the sun sets, people who are extremely sad are far away from home.
Five, "Young Beauty Listening to the Rain" Jie Jiang
Teenagers listen to the rain and sing upstairs. The red candle is weak.
Listening to the rain on the boat in the prime of life. The river is wide and the clouds are low, and the broken geese are called the west wind. Now listen to the rain monk Lu. The temple is full of stars.
Sorrow and joy are always ruthless. Before the next step, drop by drop until dawn.
Vernacular translation: When I was young, listening to the rain on the rostrum, red candles lit, and under the dim light, the account was bright.
Middle-aged people, on a boat in a foreign country, watched the drizzle, looked at the vast river, looked at the water and sky, looked at the west wind, and a lonely goose burst into sadness.
Now, people are old, with white hair, and they are alone at the monk's house, listening to the drizzle. Recalling the joys and sorrows of life, let it rain until dawn.
Six, "Shuidiao Song Tou" Su Shi:
I hope people will live for a long time and have a good scenery thousands of miles away.
Vernacular translation: I only hope that the people I miss will be safe and long-lasting. No matter how far apart Qianshan Mountain is, we can all see the bright and beautiful moon together.
6. Persuade students to read in classical Chinese.
xunzi
Mr. Wang said: I can't learn. Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice and water are cooler than water. The wood is straight in the rope, thinking it is a wheel, and its curve is in the gauge; Although there is a crisis, those who stop coming forward will make it happen. Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, the gold is sharp, the gentleman is knowledgeable, and he saves himself every day, so he knows clearly without fault.
Think all day long, it is better to learn it in a moment; I've tasted it and I'm looking forward to it. Let's go hiking. Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim. The life of a gentleman is the same, and the goodness lies in personal leave.
Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river. Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu. Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous.
The teacher said
Han Yu
Ancient scholars must have teachers. Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts. People are not born knowing, who can have no doubt? If you are confused and don't follow the teacher, you will be confused and you will never understand. Before I was born, I studied Tao before I was born, so I learned from Tao. After I was born, I studied Taoism first, so I studied Taoism. I am a teacher, and I don't know that years were born in me. Therefore, there is no nobility, no inferiority, no length, no shortage, and the existence of Tao and the existence of teachers.
Ha ha! It's been a long time since the teacher passed on the Tao! It's hard to be confused! The ancient sages are far away, and they are still in the teacher's question; Today's people are far from saints, and they are ashamed to learn from their teachers. So saints are good for saints, and fools are good for fools; That's why saints are holy and fools are stupid! Love your son and choose a teacher to teach him. If you are in his body, you will feel ashamed and confused for your teacher! The boy's teacher, the sentence of teaching and learning books, is not the person I am talking about telling his story and solving his confusion. I don't know, I don't understand, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know. Witch doctors and musicians are not ashamed and learn from each other; The families of the scholar-officials called their teacher disciple Yun, and they got together and talked and laughed. When asked, he said, "He is almost the same as that year, and in the same way. Humble and shameful, officials are close. " Oh! The teacher's way is unknown. Witch doctors and musicians are skilled workers, and gentlemen are dismissive. Today, its wisdom is out of reach, strange and embarrassing!
Saint impermanence teacher. Confucius studied under Tan Zi, Changhong, Shi Xiang and Lao Dan. Scorpions' disciples are not as clever as Confucius. Confucius said, "If you have three friends, you must have a teacher." So disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, and teachers don't have to be superior to disciples. There is a sequence of knowledge, and there is specialization in the industry, that's all.
Li, seventeen years old, is good at classical Chinese and six arts. He knows everything and studies in his spare time. Yu Jiaqi can follow the ancient road and write Shi Shuo to make it last forever.
7. Feel the ancient culture of China, especially the 300-word composition of China's ancient poems.
I like China's ancient poems, but I especially like them. Among many ancient poems, I like Meng Jiao's Ode to a Wanderer very much. Every time I read this song, "The thread in the hand of a kind mother makes clothes for her wayward son's body.". Before leaving, I had a stitch for fear that my son would come back late and his clothes would be damaged.
But how much love has an inch of grass and can't hold three chunhui? "There is always a warm current flowing in my heart. From this poem, I feel that a great mother sewed clothes for her son with love, and that needle and thread blended into the mother's love, thoughts and care. Although a few short words, maternal love is so perfect.
This is the charm of China's ancient poems. I love our ancient culture too much. I am still a primary school student, but the great spirit of kindness of the Chinese nation is always rooted in my heart.
In the future, I will study hard, learn knowledge well, make more contributions to the country and nation when I grow up, and repay my mother's love with practical actions.