The teaching goal of "Stone Town" excellent teaching plan;
1. Master the appreciation method of nostalgic ancient poetry and the artistic technique of satirizing the present by borrowing the past.
2. Read and recite "Stone City".
Teaching focus:
Master the appreciation method of nostalgic poems.
Class arrangement:
Two class hours
Teaching process:
First, import
Is there a place where it used to be? The ancient capital of the Six Dynasties? , witnessed the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, and became the object of historical investigation by scholars and scholars in previous dynasties. Is it? Nanjing was called Jinling, Moling, Shicheng, Jiankang, Jianye, Jiangning and Yingtian in ancient times.
Although Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, has never been there in person, he has heard about it. He wrote five poems in one breath, which are called five topics of Jinling. Today we are going to learn one of them, Stone Town. (blackboard writing topic)
Second, solve the problem of poetry (understanding historical facts)
Shicheng is a seven-character quatrain (four sentences per sentence, seven words per sentence), and it is the first poem in the group poem Five Questions of Jinling.
The stone city written in the poem is Nanjing City. It is bordered by the Yangtze River in the north, Qinhuai River in the south and Zhong Ling in the back. It is majestic and steep, and its position is important. Jinling City was originally built by the State of Chu during the Warring States Period. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan of the State of Wu was rebuilt as the national capital, renamed Stone Town, and a palace was built here, so it is located in Liangqingshan District of Nanjing today. After six generations of luxury, it was abandoned in the early Tang Dynasty and became an empty city for 200 years.
What is in the poem? Huaishui? Qinhuai River was a place where dignitaries played in the Six Dynasties, and it was the most prosperous place at that time. Du Muyou wrote a poem:? Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant. Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river. ?
Times have changed. What's changed here? Let's read this poem together.
Third, read aloud and perceive as a whole.
1, read together
(1) Correct pronunciation
(2) Division of rhythm: 223
(3) Guide reading:
? Old country empty city? After a proper pause
? Back? This word should be stressed. Has the old month passed? Read again
2. Teachers demonstrate reading
3. Read by name and evaluate each other.
4. Read the poems by yourself and understand them with comments. You can discuss with each other at the same table and then think about the problem.
Fourth, grasp the image and appreciate the artistic conception.
1. What is the scene of this poem?
Blackboard: Three pictures (or three photos)
(1) Shanwei Old Country
(2) the tide hits the empty city
(3) Climbing over the women's wall
2. What kind of artistic conception have these three lenses created together? (Teaching emphasis)
The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
Answer steps:
(1) Describe the picture shown in the poem.
(2) Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scene (two disyllabic adjectives that can accurately summarize the characteristics of the scene)
(3) analyze the author's thoughts and feelings
Explain the poem and describe the picture. Teacher's guidance: grasp the main scenery in the poem, be loyal to the original poem in your own language, use association and imagination, and the language is beautiful and coherent)
Clear:
Lens 1: The mountains surround the Stone Town and are surrounded by mountains on all sides. But the prosperity of the past is empty and there is a sense of sadness.
Lens 2: The wave is still beating on the capital, but the city is not what it used to be. One? Empty? The word shows its desolation; When the tide hits the cold stone wall, it will only return silently with a lonely mood. With the trend, how can people be inferior? (Pay attention to personification)
Lens 3: The bright moon rising in the east of Qinhuai River is still a bright moon reflecting the prosperity of the old times and still rises from behind the city wall. The moon shines in an empty city. See more? Lonely? . ? What else? The word "moon" is meaningful, indicating that the moon is a witness of history. Although it is still coming, many things are gone forever.
These three shots only describe mountains, water and bright moon, but the decline of prosperity in the Six Dynasties is not a word. But there is not a scene that does not blend with the poet's anguish and the deep sadness of a bleak life, which shows its profound meaning.
(This technique is called lyricism? Love in the scenery)
Or:
The first sentence says that the empty city is surrounded by mountains, and its posture of Wolong plate has not changed; The second sentence is about the northern rivers and lakes beating empty city roots, and then returning silently with loneliness. These two sentences are both about mountains and rivers, but they are both abandoned.
The third sentence says that the bright moon rising in the east of Huai River is hanging in the sky, which is a witness of the past and the present. The fourth sentence says that the moon has gradually moved here tonight, but it is already empty. These last two sentences are more common with "An Empty City Plan, Taking a Photo of the Moon". Lonely? .
The whole poem contains feelings in the scenery, feeling that the city wall is still there, the river tide and the bright moon remain unchanged, but the ancient stone city has undergone great changes; I feel that the Tang Dynasty also turned from prosperity to decline, and I hope that the rulers of the Tang Dynasty can learn from history.
The whole poem is implicit in language, concrete in image, desolate in brushwork and far-reaching in artistic conception.
Main picture: The moon spans ancient and modern times and across time and space. It is a symbol of eternity and an eternal witness to the changes of the world. For example, Li Bai's "Tai Su's Visit to the Ancient Times": Only today there are photos of people in the Wu Palace in Xijiang Moon.
Zhang's Moonlit Night on the Spring River: Who first saw the moon by the river? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is similar year after year.
Su Shi's "Thousand Red Cliff Fu:? Do you know my husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Gai must view it from its changers, then heaven and earth can't be in an instant; If you look at it from its unchangeable point of view, then things are infinite to me, right? .
3. What kind of emotion did the author express? (Things are different, today is different, past lives are prosperous, and life is impermanent.) Instruction: Which poem is similar to what we have learned? (Loose-leaf operation unit 1 unit detection, knowledge transfer, communication and contact)
Cen Can's Two Poems on Mountain Living in Spring
There are crows flying in Liangyuan at dusk, and there are three or two families in the order.
I don't know how many people will go, but old flowers are coming. (expressing the feeling that things are different and changeable)
Fifth, make clear the main idea of the full text: borrowing the past to satirize the present.
Combined with writing background: At that time, it was the decline of Li Tang's national games, trying to revive it, witnessing the scene of Jinling's decline, and thinking of Tang Jingzong's debauchery, excessive amusement and state affairs, I was deeply touched, so I wrote Five Topics of Jinling, and Stone City was one of them.
To satirize the reality is to express the sigh of the decline of the national movement through the demise of the Six Dynasties, hoping that the rulers at that time could learn from the past. Or I feel that the Tang Dynasty has turned from prosperity to decline, and I hope that the rulers of the Tang Dynasty can learn from history. )
Sixth, students summarize the artistic techniques of this poem.
1, love in the scenery
2. personification (loneliness, excess)
7. Comparative reading: The following three poems are all nostalgic, but they are different in the way of expressing the main idea.
Liu Yuxi of Wuyi Lane
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane. Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Note: Wuyi Lane has been the residence of Wang and Xie since the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Dao Xie An was once a prime minister, and he was prominent for a while. ? Wang Calligraphy Xie Jiashi? Enough to make people feel happy.
(1) Judging from the whole poem,? Weeds, flowers, sunset? What kind of scene is reflected?
Judging from the whole poem, Weeds, flowers, sunset? It reflects a desolate, cold and declining scene.
(2) In fact, it could not have happened more than 400 years ago? Before Wang Xietang? Lao Yan is very popular with ordinary people now, but what is the purpose of the author's writing like this?
The purpose of the author's writing in this way is to arouse readers' imagination, secretly write about the prosperity of Wuyi Lane in the past, play a role in highlighting the contrast between the past and the present, and arouse the vicissitudes of the world.
Visiting ancient Li Bai in Viet Nam and China.
Gou Jian, the king of Yue, broke Wu Gui, and the soldiers went home. Maid-in-waiting is like a flower in Man Chun Hall, but only partridges are flying today.
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