Cymbidium, the genus Cymbidium is divided into large-flowered strains and small-flowered strains~ The large-flowered strain is called Cymbidium, also known as Xinyalan, Tiger Head Orchid, Xinmei Nianglan. The small-flowered varieties are called national orchids, including spring orchid, primrose orchid, Suxin orchid, four-season orchid, etc. Cymbidium is a hybrid orchid. According to the size of the flower, it can be divided into large-flowered, medium-flowered and small-flowered types. According to its natural flowering period, it can be divided into early-flowering, medium-flowered, late-flowering and summer-autumn flowering types. . Flowers come in a variety of colors, including transitional colors from dark red to white, single colors such as yellow and green, and complex colors with two colors. Scientific name: Cymbidium hybrid, also known as tiger head orchid, Himbi orchid, belongs to the family Orchidaceae, genus Orchid. Overview Cymbidium has long green leaves, rough flowers, bold and magnificent, and is a world-famous new orchid star. The plants and flowers of Cymbidium are divided into large and medium-sized. The flowers are huge and come in various colors such as yellow, white, green, red, pink and complex colors. They are brightly colored, neat in shape, firm in texture, and durable. It does not wither and is a luxurious and elegant orchid. It has the fragrance and elegance of Chinese orchids and the richness of orchids. It is very popular in the international flower market and is deeply loved by flower lovers. The Japanese people call it the East Asian orchid, and European and American people also call it the New American orchid. All in all, Cymbidiums are very pleasing to the eye. Since the first hybrid of Cymbidium was bred in the UK in 1889, a large number of interspecific and intervariety hybrids were also bred in Europe and the United States in the 1940s. So far, there are thousands of cultivated varieties of Cymbidium orchid, which are very popular in domestic and foreign markets and have become a unique orchid. The main production areas of Cymbidium are Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and Taiwan Province of China. The main sales country is Japan. In 1993, Japan consumed 4.1 million pots of cymbidium, with sales of US$105 million. In Europe, mainly produced in the Netherlands, its sales are US$80 million. Therefore, cymbidium still occupies a certain share in the international flower market, and its status is no less than that of other tropical orchids. Morphological Characteristics Cymbidium is a perennial epiphytic herb. The pseudobulb is oval, thick, oblong, slightly flat; with 6 to 8 belt-shaped leaves on it, 70 cm to 110 cm long, 2 cm to 3 cm wide, drooping, light green, and shiny. The flower stem is nearly upright or slightly curved, 60 cm - 90 cm long, with 6 - 12 or more flowers. The flowers are large, 6 cm - 10 cm in diameter, with colors ranging from white, yellow, green, purple-red or purple-brown stripes and slightly fragrant. Personal experience: Cymbidium flowers can bloom for up to a month in an environment with good air circulation and cool temperature, which is one of the reasons why many people like to plant it. Commonly cultivated varieties include magenta Annabelle and Heathery, blood cyan Barcelona, ??Forest King, Levis Duke and Vanguard, red Carmen and Red Beauty, milky white Cascade and Madrigal, yellow Golden Fleece and Troubadour, silver gray Molly and white bride TheBride. Biological characteristics Cymbidium is native to southwest my country. It often grows wild in semi-shady environments near creeks and under forests. Likes warm winters and cool summers. The optimum temperature for growth is 10 - 25℃. A nighttime temperature of around 10°C is better. The leaves are green, the flower buds grow and develop normally, the flower stems elongate normally, and bloom in February-March. If the temperature is lower than 5℃, the leaves will turn yellow, the flower buds will not grow, the flowering period will be delayed to April to May, and the flower stems will not elongate, affecting the quality of flowering. If the temperature is around 15°C, the flower buds will suddenly elongate, blooming from January to February, and the flower stems will be soft and unable to stand upright. If the temperature at night is as high as 20°C, the leaves will grow luxuriantly, which will affect flowering, and the flower buds will wither and turn yellow. In short, the formation of cymbidium flower buds, flower stem extraction and flowering all require a large temperature difference between day and night. Cymbidium has relatively high requirements for water quality, prefers slightly acidic water, and is sensitive to calcium and magnesium ions in the water. Irrigation with rainwater is ideal. The growing season requires higher air humidity. If the humidity is too low, the plant growth will be stunted, the root system will grow slowly and become small, the leaves will become thick and narrow, and the leaf color will turn yellow.
Generally speaking, cymbidiums are more afraid of dryness than wetness. Light is an important factor affecting the growth and flowering of Cymbidium orchid. Cymbidium is a type of light-loving orchid plant. Sufficient light is beneficial to leaf production, flower stem formation and flowering. Excessive shade will cause the leaves to be slender and thin, unable to stand upright, and the pseudobulbs will become smaller, prone to disease, and affect flowering. Shade 50% - 60% of the light in midsummer and see more sunlight in autumn, which is beneficial to the formation and differentiation of flower buds. On rainy and snowy days in winter, adding auxiliary light will be extremely beneficial to flowering. Cymbidium (small flower strain), whose scientific name is Cymbidium faberi, belongs to the family Orchidaceae, and the genus Orchid is also known as nine-flowered orchid, xialan, nine-node orchid, nine-flowered orchid, and one stem of nine-flowered Cymbidium orchid has multiple flowers on one stem, often 6 to 12 flowers. aromatic. Traditional famous varieties include Shanghai plum, Jiepeimei, Jin'aosu, etc. It is one of the longest-cultivated and most popular orchids in China, and was often called "Hui" in ancient times. Its plants are tall and graceful, with strong and soft orchid leaves, a graceful and graceful posture, and a refreshing and refreshing fragrance, thus attracting thousands of orchid lovers. Morphological characteristics: The pseudobulb of Cymbidium is not obvious, the root is thick and long, and there are 5-7 (9) leaves, 20-120 cm long and 0.6-1.4 cm wide. Strongly upright, the base is often pleated, the cross section is V-shaped, and the edges are thickly serrated. The flower stems are upright, 30-80 cm high, with 6-12 flowers; the flowers are mostly light yellow-green in color and fragrant, slightly inferior to spring orchids. The flower is 5-6 cm in diameter, the petals are slightly smaller than the sepals, the lip is not obviously three-lobed, the middle lobe is oblong, and there are many bright and small papillae-like hairs on it, the top is rolled up, and there are short hairs on the edge; the lip is white, There are purple spots. The flowering period is from March to May. The distribution area is similar to that of Chunlan; it is one of the relatively cold-resistant orchids in the vast areas south of Qinling Mountains, north of Nanling Mountains and in the southwest. Origin: Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, and Sichuan. Growth habits. Cymbidium grows on sunny slopes in high mountains with sufficient sunshine and good ventilation conditions. The ancients said that "orchid produces yin, and cymbidium produces yang." Therefore, when raising cymbidium at home, we must pay attention to solving the lighting problem and set up a similar ecological environment for it. Place the orchid pot in a sunny position facing southeast so that it can enjoy sufficient sunlight all year round. Except for using a sunshade net to cover the scorching sun around noon in summer and early autumn, direct sunlight can be allowed in other seasons to enhance photosynthesis, accelerate nutrient production, and promote plant growth. The flower color varieties of Cymbidium are traditionally divided into red shell, green shell, red-green shell, white-green shell, etc. according to the color of the flower stem and sheath; the flower shape is also the same as the spring orchid, divided into lotus petals, plum petals and narcissus petals; the flowers There are no other colors on the surface, and those with the same color and luster are also called "plain hearts". Reading about the culture of Cymbidium: The history and culture of Chinese Cymbidium. The word "Hui" for Cymbidium appeared in "Chu Ci" written by Qu Yuan, the great poet of Chu State during the Warring States Period. His words said: "There are nine acres of orchids growing there (one patch of twelve acres - - - Yin Zhe), and there are hundreds of acres of luxuriant trees." We can only understand the "hui" mentioned here as a kind of very fragrant flower. Whether vanilla refers to what we call cymbidium today is still controversial. What can be confirmed as the "Hui" of what we call Cymbidium today is the following sentence in "Shuyou Fang Pavilion" written by Huang Tingjian, a poet and calligrapher of the Song Dynasty: "One stem has one flower, but the fragrance is more than orchid, and one stem has five or seven flowers." But if the fragrance is not enough, then the "Hui" is called "Hui". The cultivation of spring orchid and cymbidium as ornamental plants has become very popular in the Song Dynasty. It is necessary to make some distinctions between these herbs. Huang Tingjian's two sentences are the final word and become the basis for later generations to distinguish spring orchid and cymbidium. Modern plant taxonomy also distinguishes them. This kind of orchid that blooms in late spring is named Cymbidium. If Huang Tingjian only differentiated orchids and hui based on their characteristics, Zhu Kerou's "First Fragrance Notes" in the Qing Dynasty had already noticed the different cultivation methods of orchids and hui. He said: "Cymbidium likes the sun, and needs to be exposed to the sun for half a day and three hours... When it comes to orchids, one or two days in the morning is enough." During the Qianlong, Jiaqing, and Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, there were many famous cymbidiums, such as the big orchid. Yipin, Chengmei, Guanding, Shanghaimei, Panlumei, Dangzi, etc. Some of these famous cymbidium products have been recorded in "Lanhui Tongxin Lu" written by Xu Naihe during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. For example, the top grade of the famous eight kinds of Cymbidium orchid is called the top grade in "Lanhui Tongxin Lu", and there is a poem praising it: "The spirit of a scholar is relegated to an immortal talent, and the leader is vying to praise him; since he entered the south of the Yangtze River, he has made a strong voice. Price, a thousand pieces of gold is not worth this oiran.
"In the early Qing Dynasty, Bao Weisheng's distinction and explanation of the petal shape of cymbidium in "Art Orchid Miscellaneous Notes" opened the door to the formal beauty of cymbidium flowers. It was not until the reform and opening up era that a large number of cymbidium butterfly flowers and exotic flowers appeared. In the past one or two hundred years, the aesthetics of Cymbidium flowers have paid special attention to the petal shape, and it has had a wide influence. It has become a traditional concept of Cymbidium aesthetics. "A Brief History of Cymbidium" compiled by Wu Enyuan from Yuhang in the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923). The traditional varieties of Cymbidium and the new varieties at that time were further compiled and summarized, and they were divided into three categories: red-shell Cymbidium, green-shell Cymbidium and red-green Cymbidium. "" book, on these basis, the categories of butterfly flowers and cymbidium flowers were added. After the 1980s, a large number of new species of Cymbidium were developed, and orchidists from various places added the categories of exotic flowers of Cymbidium. So far, Cymbidium has become a large and distinctive branch of Chinese orchids. Cymbidium has been spread to Japan and South Korea during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, especially in the 1930s and 1940s. The Japanese collected a large amount of Chinese Cymbidium orchids and sold them to Japan for cultivation. However, China suffered from two or three major man-made destructions in the decades after the founding of the People's Republic of China due to successive wars. By the end of the last century, the country was prosperous and there was a craze for orchids in the country. Some traditional varieties of cymbidium can no longer be found in the country and have to be sold back to China. The development history of cymbidium also reflects the rise and fall of the nation. Appreciation of Chinese cymbidium, the great poet and calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian. In his "Shu You Fang Pavilion", he said, "Orchid is like a gentleman" and "Hui has the appearance of a scholar and official." These two sentences opened the way to appreciate cymbidium. Li Yu, a writer and florist in the early Qing Dynasty, wrote a special article on cymbidium. Said: "The reason why cymbidium is inferior to orchid is not in the flowers and fragrance but in the leaves...the leaves of cymbidium are bitter and long...the disease is because they are too fat." Generally speaking, if cultivated well, cymbidium plants are better than spring orchids. It is tall, with large flower branches and many flowers, which are very majestic and bright, and the fragrance is overflowing. Therefore, those who appreciate it often appreciate it together with Cymbidium and Cymbidium, while those who watch the excitement often appreciate Cymbidium orchid. In recent years, the price of Cymbidium orchid has increased very high. For Chunlan, there are more reasons than this. This is a general appreciation of Cymbidium. 2008-02-04 16:31:21 Supplement: I hope it can help you.
Flowering in time for the lunar year
Cymbidium is found in subtropical and tropical Asia (such as northern India, China, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines and Borneo) and northern Australia, and usually grows in climates. In cool high-altitude areas, most of the orchids are grown in the temperate zone. They are commonly known as orchids in the Chinese-speaking areas of mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and Singapore. They have been cultivated and appreciated in ancient China for thousands of years. Most of the orchids are grown in the tropics. Epiphytic orchid, which is larger in size, is generally called Cymbidium or Orchid. Classification: Plant Kingdom: Angiosperm: Monocotyledon: Asparagus or Orchidaceae: Orchidaceae: Cymbidium subfamily: Cymbidium subtribe: Cymbidium subtribe Genus: Cymbidium *** has 52 species.
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