4 stories of verbal battles with Confucian scholars 1
In the 13th year of Jian'an, Sun Quan saw that Cao Cao's army was gradually advancing southward and its power was getting stronger day by day, so he wanted to Join forces with Liu Bei and defeat Cao Cao. So he sent his adviser Lu Su to Jiangxia to meet Liu Bei with gifts.
Zhuge Kongming had already guessed Lu Su’s intention. Kongming wanted to unite with Soochow to fight against Cao Cao, so he accepted Lu Su’s invitation to cross the river to see Sun Quan. On the ship to Jiangdong, Lu Su said to Kong Ming: "When you meet General Sun, you must not scare him with Cao Cao's words that he has many soldiers." Kong Ming reassured Lu Su that he would deal with it on his own. At this time, Sun Quan had received a letter from Cao Cao asking him to attack Liu Bei, and was summoning civil and military officials to discuss the matter. Zhang Zhao and other civil officials advocated surrender to Cao Cao, and all the counselors agreed with him, but Sun Quan was still undecided.
Sun Quan asked Lu Su for his opinion in the back hall. Lu Su said: "Those people's opinions are all due to greed for life and fear of death. You must not listen to them! I have made an appointment with Zhuge Liang to come here. As long as the lord asks him, he will know Cao Cao's truth."
The next day, Lu Su invited Kong Ming to the hall. Zhang Zhao knew that Kong Ming was here to persuade Sun Quan, so he used teasing words: "I heard that Liu Bei visited Mr. Sun in the thatched cottage three times. After inviting Mr. Sun, he said that it was like a fish taking water, but now Jingzhou and Xiangyang have become Cao Cao's. I wonder how the master planned the territory?"
Kong Ming thought to himself: Zhang Zhao is Sun Quan's number one counselor. If I don't refute him first, how can I convince Sun Quan? So he calmly He said: "In my opinion, it is easy to seize Jingzhou and Xiangyang. It's just that Uncle Liu Huang is a benevolent and righteous man and can't bear to take Liu Biao's territory."
Zhang Zhao said: "Liu Bei can't do it without your help." He was able to conquer the east and west, seize states and counties; and after receiving your assistance, he was slightly attacked by Cao Cao, and fled, losing Xinye and Fancheng. He was beaten to pieces in Dangyang County, and finally fled to Xiakou and lived under the fence. , and there is no place to stay. Isn’t this worse than before Mr. De?”
Kongming listened and said with a smile: “The roc spreads its wings and flies thousands of miles, what about ordinary birds? How can we know its ambition? After Liu Huang's uncle Runan failed, he took refuge with Liu Biao. He had no more than a thousand soldiers and only three generals: Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, and Zhao Yun. Moreover, Xinye was a remote and small county with not many people, little food, and more city walls. It is not strong. In this case, Xiahou Dun was burned and Cao Ren was flooded, which frightened them. Isn't this a strategy? Besides, being outnumbered, victory and defeat are common for military strategists. In the past, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty was defeated by Xiang Yu. In the end, Gai Xia succeeded in the battle and eliminated Xiang Yu. Wasn't this due to Han Xin's strategy? And when Han Xin followed Gaozu, he did not win every battle. The country's policy and combat deployment had a general arrangement. , this is not what those who rely on fame and status can understand. This kind of person can boast and no one can be as good as him; but once he is asked to deal with things, he has no ability at all and can only attract the ridicule of the world. !”
Kong Ming’s words left Zhang Zhao unable to answer a word. At this time, Yu Fan, the counselor of the State of Wu, sneered and said: "Liu Bei was defeated miserably in Dangyang County and is now trapped in Xiakou. He has no choice but to ask for help. The gentleman also said that Cao Cao has nothing to fear. This is really a big lie!" Kong Ming said: "Uncle Liu Huang only has a few thousand troops, how can he stop millions of brutal enemies? He retreated to Xiakou to wait for a good opportunity. Now Jiangdong's troops are well-prepared and have more troops. The Yangtze River is naturally dangerous, but some people are not afraid of being ridiculed and want their lord to surrender to Cao Cao. In comparison, Uncle Liu is really a hero who is not afraid of Cao Cao!" After hearing this, Yu Fan blushed and was speechless. All the counselors also lowered their heads in shame.
At this moment, Huang Gai, the general of Soochow, broke into the hall and said loudly: "Cao Cao's army has approached the border. Everyone has no idea how to deal with the enemy, but they are just bickering here!" He then said to Kong Ming: " Sir, he is a genius of the world. There is no need to argue with these people. Please share your opinions with us, General Sun.
" So Lu Su and Huang Gai took Zhuge Liang and went to see Sun Quan together. Seeing Sun Quan's extraordinary courage, Kong Ming knew that he could only use irony to provoke him. Kong Ming said that Cao had more than 1.5 million soldiers and one or two thousand generals and counselors. . Sun Quan asked Kong Ming what to do, and Kong Ming said: "Please consider your own strength, my lord, and surrender if you are unable to do so." "Sun Quan asked Kong Ming why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Kong Ming said that Liu Bei was the emperor's uncle and a hero of the world. Even if the times were bad, he would not surrender to Cao Cao. Sun Quan felt that Zhuge Liang meant that he was not as good as Liu Bei, so he walked into the back hall angrily Went.
Lu Su complained to Zhuge Liang and said: "You look down on our lord too much. Zhuge Liang laughed loudly and said, "I didn't expect that General Sun's weapons were so small. I had my own plan to defeat Cao Cao. If he didn't ask me, why should I tell him?"
After Lu Su heard this, he arrived. He went to see Sun Quan. Sun Quan said to Lu Su, "Kong Ming underestimates me!" Lu Su said, "I blame Kong Ming for the same thing, but he laughed at my lord for his incompetence. Kong Ming is not willing to talk casually about defeating Cao Cao's plan. Will my lord go and ask him personally?" When Sun Quan heard this, he immediately calmed down and said happily: "It turns out that Kong Ming had already planned to defeat Cao Cao, and he used words deliberately. Come to excite me. "Sun Quan invited Zhuge Liang to the back hall and served wine. Everyone continued to talk. Kong Ming analyzed the weaknesses of Cao's army and the reason why Sun and Liu could defeat Cao together. Sun Quan was so happy that he immediately decided to join forces with Liu Bei to resist Cao Cao. Story 2
Chapter 43 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" "Zhuge Liang's verbal battle with the Confucian scholars, and Lu Zi Jing's efforts to overcome all opinions." Let's talk about the story of Zhuge Liang's verbal battle with the Confucian scholars: the prelude to the Battle of Chibi, Cao Cao Group The million-strong army is well-funded and wants to "hunt Jiangdong" with Sun Quan. Liu Bei is a typical entrepreneur. He has just acquired Zhuge Liang and has a good team. He should be able to do a lot. . But he abandoned Xinye, went to Fancheng, was defeated in Dangyang, and went to Xiakou. He had no place to live and even lost his wife. If Liu Biao's son Liu Qi hadn't taken him in, he would have been able to manage it temporarily, otherwise he would have been declared dead. It went bankrupt. Now it is being pursued and attacked by the Cao Cao Group. The newly established small business Ji Ji is in danger.
The Cao Cao Group defeated Yuan Shao and took over Liu Cong. It took over Jingzhou and gained Xiangyang, and its momentum was booming. , which one is unstoppable.
Soochow is a typical family business that has grown to a large scale after three generations. Sun Quan is a entrepreneurial entrepreneur. Now Soochow is acquired and merged by Cao Cao. The master wanted a hostile takeover. The Sun brothers' company had limited capital and did not have much room for negotiation. The only way out for Liu Bei was to cooperate with Sun Quan to resist Cao Cao's merger. Zhuge Liang said: "Cao Cao is so powerful that it is difficult to resist the enemy, so it is better to surrender." Sun Quan of the Eastern Wu Dynasty thought that he would support him. If the north and the south are in a stalemate, we can take advantage of it. Why not? "But because the employees of the Sun Group have their own selfish motives, the enemy is currently thinking of themselves and does not take Sun Quan's interests seriously at all. So Zhuge Liang and Lu Su negotiated with Sun Quan.
Before Kong Ming met Sun Quan, Lu Su had already analyzed the situation with Sun Quan and clearly told Sun Quan that if your company is annexed by Cao Cao, you will have to work for Cao Cao in the future. At most, you will be a high-level wage earner with nothing to accomplish. . And you are still a boss and have your own business. Even if you go to Cao Cao, your quality of life will not change. That’s why they are very passive in fighting against Cao Cao. : "The general surrendered to Cao Cao, where do you want to find peace? The position is no more than a title, the chariot is no more than a ride, the horse is no more than a horse, and the number of people is no more than that, so how can one be alone in the south? "These words deeply moved Sun Quan. (formerly Shangcao.com LLysc.cn)
In order to increase the chance of winning, Sun Quan also knew that he had to cooperate with Liu Bei. In order to increase his bargaining chip, he played Zhuge Liang's scheme. Sun Quan specially arranged for a group of negotiators from the Sun Group to have a confrontation with Zhuge Liang. At the beginning, Zhuge Liang's verbal battle with the Confucian scholars began. "Zhang Zhao, Gu Yong and other more than 20 civil and military personnel. "E Guan is wearing a powerful belt and is fully clothed and sitting upright". He had the upper hand in the "power" of the negotiation. Zhang Zhao deliberately made things difficult for Zhuge Liang and dug out Zhuge Liang's sore feet, making Zhuge Liang worthless. Zhang Zhao is Sun Quan's number one adviser. , if he is not refuted, it will be difficult for Zhuge Liang to achieve his goal this time.
But after Kong Ming heard this, he smiled hoarsely and said, "If you fly thousands of miles, how can a flock of birds recognize your ambition?" Can you, Zhang Zhao, understand Uncle Liu Huang's ambition of thousands of miles? "There is a mastermind behind the country's great plans and the safety of the country. People who are not boasters are deceiving others with false reputations: sitting in discussions and discussions, no one can match them; adapting to the situation, there is nothing they can do. Sincerity makes the world smile!" This Zhang Zhao didn't even have a word to answer. Suddenly the "potential" of the entire negotiation was reversed. Then Zhuge Liang said one by one that Yu Fan said "cannot be right" from Liu Bei's capital (arms); from the intention of seeking Sun Quan, he said Bu Zhi was "silent"; from the righteousness of the monarch and his ministers, he said Xue Zong Liu Bei said that he was "full of shame and could not answer"; Liu Bei said that Lu Ji was "at a loss for words" in terms of his personal background; he said that Jun was "dejected and unable to answer" in terms of his personal academic sect; and Cheng Deshu was said to be "dejected and unable to answer" in terms of his knowledge; It can’t be right”. All the negotiating opponents "fell pale when they saw Kong Ming's fluent answers."
Zhuge Liang made full use of his "power" step by step, and finally defeated the Confucian scholars and won a complete victory. Later, Sun Quan was provoked to vow not to surrender to Cao Cao, and he cooperated with Liu Bei to defeat Cao Cao in Chibi. Story of Confucianism 3
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao used the emperor to control the princes. Most of the more powerful warlords were eliminated by him. Only Liu Bei and Sun Quan still had the possibility to develop and grow. Cao Cao knew that all of a sudden It is still relatively difficult to annex these two forces. So, Cao Cao sent someone to take his letter to Soochow, hoping to join forces with Sun Quan to eliminate Liu Bei.
Most of Sun Quan’s advisers advocated surrendering to Cao Cao to protect themselves, but only Lu Su advocated joining forces with Liu to fight against Cao Cao. But Lu Su knew that it would be difficult to convince Sun Quan and the civil servants of Soochow, so he specially invited Zhuge Liang to be his lobbyist.
Lu Su led Zhuge Liang to meet a group of counselors from Soochow. These people were not ordinary people, not all of them. They are all learned people. Zhang Zhao, the greatest counselor in Soochow, was the first to attack, saying: I heard that Liu Bei came to your home three times before inviting you out of the mountain. He thought that having you would be like a fish in water, and wanted to seize the nine counties of Jingxiang as a base. But Jing Xiang has been captured by Cao Cao, what other ideas do you have?
Zhuge Liang thought in his heart that if he didn't stump Zhang Zhao first, he would not be able to convince Sun Quan to join forces with Liu to fight against Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang said: It was easy for Liu Bei to seize the territory of Jingxiang. It was only because he couldn't bear to seize the inheritance of the same clan that Cao Cao took advantage of him. Now we are stationing troops in Jiangxia, and we have other grand plans. How can ordinary people understand this? National affairs and the safety of the country require good ideas from people with real talents and learning. But those who talk around and talk about things will not be able to come up with a solution when something happens, and they can only make the world laugh at them. These words left Zhang Zhao speechless.
Afterwards, a counselor asked: Cao Cao has a million troops and a thousand generals. If you say you are not afraid, brag. Zhuge Liang replied: Liu Bei retreated to Xiakou to wait for the opportunity. However, Dongwu's soldiers had sufficient supplies and the Yangtze River was dangerous to defend, but he still persuaded Sun Quan to surrender to Cao Cao. Shame on you.
The counselors of Soochow attacked Zhuge Liang one after another. As many as seven of them were retorted by Zhuge Liang, making it difficult for them to defend themselves.
Note: Zhuge Liang (181-October 8, 234[1]), courtesy name Kongming, nickname Wolong (also known as Fulong), Han nationality, Yangdu, Langya, Xuzhou (now Yinan, Linyi City, Shandong) County) native, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician, strategist, essayist, calligrapher, and inventor. He was named Wuxiang Marquis when he was alive, and Zhongwu Marquis after his death. The Eastern Jin Dynasty regime named him Wuxing King because of his military talents. His representative works of prose include "Chu Shi Biao", "Book of Commandments", etc. He invented the wooden cow and flowing horse, the Kongming lantern, etc., and modified the repeating crossbow, called the Zhuge repeating crossbow, which can fire ten arrows with one crossbow. He died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji) in the 12th year of Jianxing (234). The Story of Confucianism 4
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao used the emperor to control the princes. Most of the more powerful warlords were eliminated by him. Only Liu Bei and Sun Quan still had the possibility to develop and grow. Cao Cao knew that all of a sudden It is still relatively difficult to annex these two forces. So, Cao Cao sent someone to take his letter to Soochow, hoping to join forces with Sun Quan to eliminate Liu Bei.
Most of Sun Quan’s advisers advocated surrendering to Cao Cao to protect themselves, but only Lu Su advocated joining forces with Liu to fight against Cao Cao. But Lu Su knew that it would be difficult to convince Sun Quan and the civil servants of Soochow, so he specially invited Zhuge Liang to be his lobbyist.
Lu Su led Zhuge Liang to meet a group of counselors from Soochow. These people were not ordinary people, all of them were learned people. Zhang Zhao, the greatest counselor in Soochow, was the first to attack, saying: I heard that Liu Bei came to your home three times before inviting you out of the mountain. He thought that having you would be like a fish in water, and wanted to seize the nine counties of Jingxiang as a base. But Jingxiang has been captured by Cao Cao, what else do you have in mind?
There are other grand plans, how can ordinary people understand this. National affairs and the safety of the country require good ideas from people with real talents and learning. But those who talk around and talk about things will not be able to come up with a solution when something happens, and they can only make the world laugh at them. These words left Zhang Zhao speechless.
Afterwards, a counselor asked: Cao Cao has a million troops and a thousand generals. If you say you are not afraid, brag. Zhuge Liang replied: Liu Bei retreated to Xiakou to wait for the opportunity. However, Dongwu's soldiers had sufficient supplies and the Yangtze River was dangerous to defend, but he still persuaded Sun Quan to surrender to Cao Cao. Shame on you. The counselors of Soochow attacked Zhuge Liang one after another. As many as seven of them were retorted by Zhuge Liang, making it difficult for them to defend themselves.
"Zhuge Liang's verbal battle with the Confucians" was actually a prelude to Zhuge Liang persuading Sun Quan to fight against Cao Cao. At that time, in the Soochow camp, there were two factions of civil servants and generals who advocated the surrender of Cao Cao's millions of troops. and the main war faction. The representatives of the surrender faction are Zhang Zhao, Gu Yong, Yu Fan, Bu Zhi, Xue Zong, etc. They want to persuade Wu Hou Sun Quan and not persuade these people who have been spreading threats to Cao Cao and spreading Cao soldiers in Sun Quan's ears all day long. The theory of invincibility and the clamoring for surrender by a group of civil servants and counselors are not enough, but it is not easy to convince these knowledgeable people! Let’s see how Zhuge Liang won the argument step by step! /p>
The first round: Zhao said: "Zhao is a young man from Jiangdong. I have heard for a long time that Mr. Gao is lying in Longzhong, and he compares himself to Guan Yu. Is this true?" Kongming said: "This Liang lived his whole life. "Xiao Ke's comparison."
The second round: Zhao said: "I recently heard that Mr. Liu Yuzhou was in the thatched cottage. Fortunately, I thought he was like a fish in water, and his thoughts swept Jingxiang today. Once it belongs to Cao Cao, what's the point?"
The third round: Zhao said: "If this is the case, your words and deeds are contrary to each other. Princes, one country and one country;... Guan Zhong and Le Yi, if that’s the case, don’t be offended by their foolish words!”