Famous painter in Qing Dynasty. The word Kerou is Banqiao, also known as Zheng Banqiao. When Qianlong was a scholar, he served as the magistrate of Wei County and the history of calligraphy and painting. Xinghua, Jiangsu province, Kangxi imperial examination champion. Juren in the tenth year of Yongzheng, and Jinshi in the first year of Qianlong (1736). Officials in Fan County and Wei County of Shandong Province have a political voice, "Please ask for help for people who are hungry at the age of 20, become a big official, and then ask for illness." Before and after he became an official, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by painting and calligraphy. Poetry, words, good books and good paintings. Poetry despises idioms. He is good at drawing flowers, wood and stones, especially orchids and bamboo. The beauty of orchid leaves is reflected in Jiao Mo's brushwork. The cursive script stands upright and has a long fortune. More but not messy, less but not sparse, it is absolutely beautiful to use. Books are also unique, with mixed official texts and sample books, calling themselves "six and a half books". Sometimes it is done through painting. The brushwork of the seal is simple and ancient. As a free and uninhibited person, he chose the county magistrate by Jinshi, made poetry and wine for daily affairs, and transferred to Wei County. At the age of 20, he sought help for the people because of hunger, returned to his hometown and lived in Yangzhou, which made him famous. Indulge in the mountains and rivers and have a drunken hometown tour with poets and savages. When writing about the thin stone of the jungle and the monk wall in the lounge, the viewer will sigh. The Complete Works of Banqiao is written in calligraphy. The paintings he sold were polished and circulated for a while. As one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", his poems, books and paintings are praised as "three wonders" and he is good at painting Zhu Lan. Zheng Xie painted bamboo the most in his life, followed by orchids and stones, but he also painted pines and chrysanthemums. He is a representative literati painter in Qing Dynasty. Born in 1693,165438+1October 22nd, died in1765,65438+1October 22nd, at the age of 73.
In Qing Dynasty, Zheng Banqiao was an outstanding figure in history, the main representative of "Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou", and a painter and writer who was famous for his "Three Wonders of Poetry and Painting". His life can be divided into five stages: "studying and teaching", selling paintings in Yangzhou, "being an official, being an official, being an official in Shandong, and selling paintings in Yangzhou.
2. According to the following materials, choose an angle and write a short essay with different China wisdom of not less than 800 words. At the calligraphy exhibition in the museum, I was shocked by the fascinating exhibits and was at a loss for a moment. Suddenly, a work came into view. Its single words looked crooked, but on the whole, it had a different flavor. Both in form and spirit. I was stunned. "That's what Zheng Xie said." A deep voice. I turned my head. That is a smiling grandfather. I can't help but sigh: "This word is so beautiful. Although it is not as orthodox as Liu Ti's European style, it does not hinder its unique beauty of integration. It's really the masterpiece of Zheng Banqiao, the head of Yangzhou Eight eccentrics. " The old man smiled and said, "This is China's great wisdom of harmony but difference. You can see it from a small calligraphy. Every word is crooked and doesn't look beautiful, but it is very inclusive and contains the energy of everything. " "This is a kind of great harmony in a specific sense, that is, to accommodate all different harmony," I said. On the contrary, it is called beauty. "The old man nodded and pointed to the work in front of him:" You see, Banqiao's handwriting is written in official script, not official script, and so is China's wisdom. It has never had a specific paradigm, and there is no unified demand. The ancients let their wisdom walk in front of us, allowing us to have a glimpse and absorb various cultures and elements. Finally, he reached a state of harmony. Look at every masterpiece handed down from generation to generation in front of you. Each one has its own special charm. Even if Banqiao is not official or modern, it is born out of the most primitive spirit. "He suddenly stopped laughing." It is probably from Cang Xie's writing that this energy is endowed. On reflection, I said, "A gentleman is harmonious but different, and a villain is not harmonious. "Only in this way can a person with strong personality be transformed into an organic whole. Harmony is different, but there is difference. No, it must be different. Only in this way can we not be willful, not confined to our own narrow space, not seeing everything, and not having the tolerance to feel it. " "So some people say that Zheng Xie's calligraphy is indispensable and cannot have both." The old man replied, "He is. Jin Nong, Badashanren and Zhang Xu, who are wild and restrained, vigorous and feminine, seem to have such distinct personalities, but in fact they are all footprints in the history of China's calligraphy. China culture embraces these ingenious beings with its unique inclusiveness. " "Harmony is different, but I have never seriously thought about the wisdom hidden in such a painting." I sighed. The old man patted me on the shoulder: "China wisdom. It has penetrated into every image. Take a good look. " I am immersed in the alternation of black and white. When I came to my senses and turned to look for it, the old man was gone.
3. Write an article saying that the composition of romantic figures through the ages was written by Zheng Banqiao, who is my most admired person in Zheng Banqiao. Speaking of Zheng Banqiao, you can say that you know everything!
What about you? What do you know about him? Anyway, I really know very little about him! Having said that, I still know two or three stories about him! Among them, what impressed me the most was Zheng Banqiao's clever satire on forest salt merchants. Below, let me introduce the general process of this matter:
There is a salt merchant named Lin in Yangzhou. Rich as he is, he always dreams of being an official. One year, on his birthday, he held a big banquet and invited officials, gentry and celebrities from all over the world, among whom Zheng Banqiao, a generation of celebrities, was a must. Zheng Banqiao doesn't like this heartless and rich salt merchant. He wanted to refuse him, but because of the respectful invitation, he had to take part in accidental amusement.
During the dinner, Zheng Banqiao said, "Today is Fu Lin's birthday party. Why doesn't the banquet start with the word "Lin"? " They praised it. It was great. Raising his glass, he said, "The word' Lin' is divided into two parts. The western piece of wood is promoted, and the eastern piece of wood is talented (rich)." Lin Yanshang listened to his heart and said, "According to the golden mouth, according to the golden mouth!" Later, he didn't understand that the answer to Zheng Banqiao's crossword puzzle was "coffin", and immediately he fainted!
Having said that, I believe you must know something about him! Ok, because of the time, let's stop here!
4. What did Zheng Banqiao write on this topic? You can tell at a glance that you want us to write "innovation". I think you have a basically unified answer when marking papers, such as how many points you give to innovation, even if you don't write about innovation, you will digress and so on. I estimate that at least 60,000 of the more than 70,000 candidates in Shanghai will write this article according to your "innovative" thinking, and the rest will not write "innovative". Don't fool us. After six years of primary school, three years of junior high school and three years of senior high school, teachers have changed one crop after another, and some even changed their parents for several crops. Which teacher and parents (whether we are in person or not) will teach us to create, whether it is liberal arts or science, what we learn, how to do it and how to answer questions are all based on the preferences of the marking teacher! Today's marking teachers are all excellent works of exam-oriented education in the past. Therefore, these marking teachers' understanding of innovation is one: you can get high marks by doing the questions according to the rules. Under such circumstances, you asked us to do such a problem, didn't you let us continue to lie in the last exam after graduation? Continue to write articles according to your ideas? The biggest non-innovation of China's exam-oriented Chinese composition education is that there will be a standard answer similar to stereotyped writing. If anyone dares to innovate, to set up a new mountain and to do something unconventional, then you must be optimistic and you must do it. Otherwise, there will be countless disobedient students in China. At that time, your only means is to give a devastating blow to these students who dare to take the world by a very low score. Now it seems that Han Han, who likes innovation, has come forward. Under such an education system of "innovation terror", you still come up with such a topic to "reconcile" us, which shows that you have the initiative of "innovation". Who believes it? How many people can really write good articles for the college entrance examination from the heart? Comrade Banqiao is too far away from us, and his "innovative behavior" is lucky. Who told him that he was a famous painter who painted bamboo? Authority is authority. The Banqiao style he achieved (it should be the "muddleheaded" that is often put in the rich man's office) is not good-looking and makes me look around. The level is similar to what I wrote in kindergarten, and everyone can actually see the taste of "bamboo". It seems that China really does. I just can't innovate. I just think Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is good, and I don't like crooked "blackboard writing". I just want to "innovate" in my appreciation level, but I'm sure you won't let me do that. Throughout the 18 year when I was born in this world, what I see is that anyone who wants to innovate is not so good, and anyone who imitates the cottage (the more he looks, the better) is living well. When we arrive in China, we can immediately become low-tech, and the result of imitation will make us rich quickly. Our TV station pirated and cloned foreign variety shows at no cost, and there was no fire for innovation, and they earned a lot of money one by one! Imitation without innovation has made us live a good life for 30 years! Okay, that's enough. I just want to say that in this exam-oriented education environment that imitates happiness, innovation and pain, you asked us to write "innovation". Isn't it ironic that you try to make us write "innovation" in a "non-innovative" way? Of course, I dare to write this article with a possible score of 0. My fight is that I don't want these 70 points. I can still reach a fractional line for the rest of the figures. Surgery, physics and physics depend on my strength. At least, after writing this article, my grievances in recent years have suddenly come out and I feel much better! Sigh ... I think I'm just like him. I didn't write a composition seriously in junior high school, including the senior high school entrance examination. I remember that I also wrote about the status quo of implementing exam-oriented education, where scores determine everything. In the senior high school entrance examination, my Chinese is 70+ and my composition is 0. As this guy said, I took the national exam without these scores, but I didn't take it. Haha, there are too many idiots and dude in it. But I failed in the college entrance examination, so I had to take the exam as seriously as I did in the same examination room. I don't want to accept it, so I have to swallow it hard. Let's spread the voice of this big brother and the non-brain-disabled candidates all over the world.
5. Write a composition based on Zheng Banqiao's innovative calligraphy. Don't copy, be original, and offer a reward for high marks. Banqiao's "six and a half books", also known as "broken books", was once called "littering the floor". Suddenly, it looks big and small, square and round, crooked and down, long and flat, careless and dense, thick and light.
But if you look closely, you will appreciate that he is leading the whole army with charm, and he is doing what he wants to do in one go. This is like the milky way flying in the sky, dripping with pearls, and the vibrant Gu Zhuo is magnificent, lofty and full of fun.
A sense of rhythm and rhythm like music can achieve a lively and free effect. This "six and a half books" feature is the basic feature of Zheng Banqiao's couplet calligraphy.
Of course, as couplets calligraphy, it has a unique form and content, and couplets calligraphy is a part of the whole Banqiao "six books and a half", but it also has its unique personality and characteristics. Zheng Banqiao's couplet calligraphy is the essence of his whole calligraphy.
In Banqiao's couplets calligraphy, there is a sense of Tao Zhu Vientiane. The beauty of women is full of masculinity, bold and pungent brushwork, elegant and graceful coexistence, and it has reached the highest level of ancient, charming, masculine and beautiful. Throughout Banqiao's couplets calligraphy, there are the following outstanding features: First, the organic combination and high unity of content and form is a major feature of Banqiao's couplets calligraphy.
Calligraphers from the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty mainly studied calligraphy posts since the Jin and Tang Dynasties, which were called "Tiexue". Before the middle of Qing Dynasty, several generations of emperors admired the calligraphy of Zhao Mengfu and Dong Qichang.
In the imperial examination. It is stipulated that the words on the test paper must be written in black, square, bright and clean fonts with the same size, and must not be broken. Thousands of hands are one, and thousands of people are one side, thus creating a "pavilion-style" book style.
All intellectuals must learn to write "official style" if they want to be officials. Although the technique of this font is solid, it is too stiff, rigid and lifeless, losing its artistic interest, even to the extent of rigidity. So, we look at couplet calligraphy. From the early Qing Dynasty to the Qianlong period, most books, including those of famous writers, were written in the same font and style, no matter what the content was, as if the content had nothing to do with the writing form and expression.
Although a few calligraphers want to break this deadlock and pay attention to the unity of form and content, there are not many such calligraphers and few have succeeded. However, Zheng Banqiao is different.
He really regards the content and writing form of couplets as an organic artistic whole. The content of couplets is the soul of couplets, and writing is to express one's thoughts and feelings, which is an artistic re-creation.
This artistic idea of combining ink and ink should be the root of couplet calligraphy. If the content of a couplet is plain and quiet, and you write it in cursive, or the content is vigorous and powerful, and you write it in block letters, the effect will be counterproductive.
Only the unity of couplets and pen and ink can organically combine the rich contents of couplets with related calligraphy forms and achieve the effect of perfect artistic image. For example, Banqiao's most famous couplet, "Simplifying Sanqiu Tree, Introducing New February Flowers with Different Standards", contains the words "Jane" and "New" and is written in cursive script. The written couplets show "Sanqiu Tree" and "February Flower" in both the patchwork structure and the light combination of pen and ink.
These fourteen-word couplets can be said to have different expressions. The first part: the word "delete" is flat and has the meaning of seal script, official script and Weibei: the word "numerous" stands long and steady, mainly in block letters, with the meaning of official script: the word "JIU" is high on the left and short on the right, which is safe and dignified; The word "Jane" is lovely on the left and intriguing on the right. The lines and grass are strong and full of movement: "The lines and brushwork of the word" Autumn "are perfect, just like the autumn wind blowing gently, leaving leaves and branches; The word "tree" is dominated by behavior, and it moves up and down steadily, which seems to have endless roots.
Throughout the first film, although the characters are big and small, positive and oblique, left and right, they are really practical and harmonious. The word "collar" in the bottom couplet is slender, and people tend to walk. The word "different" is clumsy and belongs to miscellaneous characters, which is unusual: the word "standard" falls to the lower right, but the last one is steady; The word "new" is completely cursive, lively and novel; The word "two" has two key points: the word "moon" leans down to the right, which seems to be more than an exception; The word "flower" is horizontal and steady.
From the bottom of the couplet, it seems that the trend is not harmonious enough, and the "February flower" is smaller and appears on the right. However, when the word "Zheng Banqiao" is used next to "February", it is consistent from top to bottom and looks exquisite. In particular, the holistic view of the upper and lower couplets really makes people feel bold in conception, skillful in writing, novel in conception and pleasing to the eye.
Another example is Banqiao's "Mountains rush to the sea, thunder and sand rise". Looking at its connection, it can be seen that the wind is surging, the mountains and seas echo, and the quantitative change is endless; The couplets of "mountains make a living by painting, and clouds make a living by poetry" are completely poetic, and they blend with people's mood. Seeing this couplet seems to be immersive, giving people a magnificent feeling of mountains and rivers. With the prevalence of formalism and archaism at that time, Zheng Banqiao's move undoubtedly broke the chaotic situation of the book circles and couplet circles under the "pavilion style".
Throughout the growth history of Banqiao couplets calligraphy, it can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage is the formation stage of his "six books and a half" This is the period from his thirties to his official career, that is, before he turned 50 in the seventh year of Qianlong (1742).
During this period, he became famous and made a living by selling calligraphy and painting in Yangzhou. During this period, his representative works such as "Why the room is elegant and there are not many flowers"; "Bring new tea from the river and buy all the painted screens in Wu Shan" and so on. Although the Banqiao style of works in this period has been formed, it is not outstanding enough and has not been fully liberalized. The size of the characters is relatively symmetrical, the structure is somewhat monotonous, and it still lacks everyone's demeanor.
Then the content is a bit monotonous, mostly about landscape flowers and birds. This is probably related to his age and experience.
It should be said that Banqiao was still in the lower class of society and was an ordinary literati painter. He didn't have the courage and mind to start a conversation. Words are like people. When people mature, words can mature.
People's ideological realm has not reached that level, and the level of writing is difficult to sublimate to that height. The second stage is the perfection and maturity of his Banqiao, that is, he was an official in Fan County, Shandong Province, especially in Wei County.
This stage is a period when he feels successful in life. Politically, he became an official and a veteran.
6. A short story about Zheng Banqiao. A 50-word story about Zheng Banqiao is as follows:
After Zheng Banqiao resigned and went home, because the officials were incorruptible, there was only a yellow dog and a pot of orchids at home. One dark night in January, the weather was cold, and Zheng Banqiao lost sleep. A thief visited. He thought: if I shout loudly, I can't handle it myself in case the thief does it. I want to pretend to sleep and let him take it, but I'm not willing. After a little thinking, I turned over and whispered, "It's raining in Mao Mao!"
Then the thief was near the bed, and he heard a dark shock. Then he heard: "there are thousands of poems in the abdomen, but there is no gold or silver at the bedside." The thief thought: Don't steal. Turning to go out, he heard: "Don't scare the yellow-tailed dog when you go out." The thief thought, since there are evil dogs, why not climb over the wall and go out? Just about to climb the wall, I heard: "Don't damage the basin when crossing the wall."