From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, social turmoil, traditional Confucianism was impacted, academic thought was relatively free, and factors such as the popularity of writing materials such as paper made calligraphy transfer to the hands of literati, and It has developed into an independent art, and a number of calligraphy masters whose names have been passed down through the ages have emerged, such as Zhang Zhi, Zhong Yao, Wang Xizhi and his son.