Chen Sheng and Guangwu launched the first large-scale peasant uprising war in the history of China (209-207 BC), which overthrew the cruel rule of the Qin Dynasty with heavy wind and rain. In order to compete for the position of emperor, Hanwang Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, the overlord of western Chu, launched a four-year Chu-Han war. As a result, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu. In 202 BC, Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, established the Han Dynasty, and made Chang 'an its capital, which was called the Western Han Dynasty in history. Phoenix blog /B3v'A.cW0R
After seven years of war, the society became desolate and poor. Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, adopted the policy of "rest and recuperation" by Lu Jia, a minister, which made the social economy recover and develop initially and laid the foundation for the later rule of Wenjing. Phoenix blog u} 5l}/p c
Several emperors after Emperor Gaozu, Liu Heng (son of Liu Ying, grandson of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang), Liu Qi and Jing Di (son of Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty, son of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang's great-grandson) all advocated the idea of "quietism" and continued to practice the policy of rest and recuperation for 60 to 70 years. Farmers can live and produce more stably, the population has increased, the social economy has developed, and the country has become rich. In the early years of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the granaries all over the country were full, and new millet was piled on the open ground. There is a lot of money hidden in the treasury. Because it has not been used for many years, the rope for wearing money is rotten, and the scattered money cannot be counted. This is the famous "cultural scene law" in history.
Second, the rule of the emperor:
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Yellow Scarf Uprising led by Zhang Jiao broke out. At that time, the heroes rose together and competed for the Central Plains. For hundreds of years from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, separatist regimes fought against each other. After the tripartite confrontation between the Three Kingdoms, the wars between the monarchs Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan of Wei, Shu and Wu, the Eight Kings Rebellion in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Surabaya War in the Sixteen Countries Period, and numerous wars before the reunification of the Northern and Southern Dynasties made the society turbulent and social contradictions and ethnic contradictions increasingly acute. People are displaced, and people are living in poverty. In 58 1 year, Emperor Wendi, the consort of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, seized power and established the Sui Dynasty, with Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) as its capital and the title of "Huang Kai".
After Emperor Wendi ascended the throne, he carried out various political and economic reforms, offered Jinshi courses and extensively selected talents. At the same time, he set an example, advocated frugality and opposed extravagance, corruption and extravagance. In the early Sui Dynasty, a good social atmosphere of advocating thrift was formed.
Wendi reigned for 23 years, and the country was unified and stable. The people's burden is lighter and the economy is prosperous. There are many big warehouse in Chang 'an and Luoyang, and grain, cloth and coins were stored until the early Tang Dynasty. The total number of registered permanent residence in China has nearly doubled. History calls the rule of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty "the rule of opening the emperor".
Third, the rule of Zhenguan:
W bu5g, the second son of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, after killing his father and usurping the throne, Emperor Wendi was arrogant and extravagant, extorted money, built Luoyang as the capital, built luxurious palaces, accepted concubines, dug canals, visited Jiangdu (now Yangzhou) many times, and waged wars against Korea (now North Korea) many times. Endless corvee and military service forced thousands of farmers in Qian Qian to leave their homes, leaving a large number of fields barren. Farmers have to feed on wild vegetables and bark. In some places, people even eat people. Due to Yang Di's brutal rule, the world was in chaos, and all regions rose together. There were as many as 64 separatist forces at that time. In 6 18, the tyrant Yang Di was killed by Yu Wenhuaji of the General Affairs Department in Jiangdu. At the age of 50.
In the fierce situation, Li Yuan and his son, the commander-in-chief of Jinyang (now near Taiyuan, Shanxi), fought for 78 years, sweeping the pack, unifying the whole country, establishing the Tang Dynasty and making Chang 'an its capital. After the change of Xuanwu Gate, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan abdicated, and his second son, Li Shimin, succeeded to the throne with the title "Zhenguan".
Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, learned the lesson from the demise of the Sui Dynasty and realized that emperors should be diligent in political affairs, ministers should be honest and clean, and the government should not attach importance to books and taxes. Only by developing production can we consolidate our rule, make our country prosperous and the people live and work in peace. He is good at employing people and being able to train them, taking good advice and brainstorming, and appointing Du Ruhui, who is full of strategies and good at decision-making, as prime minister; Reuse the outspoken and outspoken former enemy Wei Zhi (who suggested to the prince to get rid of Li Shimin in Wash the Horse by Prince Li Chenggan) as the official to supervise himself. He opened the door for scholars, recruited talents, respected knowledge and talents, reformed state affairs, vigorously governed society, and made the people rich and the country strong. Pro-Tibet, Prospering the Silk Road, Westward Journey of Tang Priest, Eastward Journey of Jian Zhen, etc. They all added a few highlights to the peaceful and prosperous times at that time, leaving many anecdotes. Historically, this period was called "the rule of Zhenguan".
Fourth, the prosperity of Kaiyuan:
After the death of Emperor Taizong, his youngest son, Li Zhi, succeeded to the throne. Because Li Zhi, the emperor of Emperor Taizong, was sickly, Wu Zetian handled politics for him and gradually gained power. A few years after the death of Emperor Gaozong, Wu Zetian became the first female emperor in the history of China. She continued to carry out the policy of developing production of Emperor Taizong, selected and reused talents in an eclectic way, and made great efforts to govern the country, laying a good foundation for the future "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng".
In 705 AD, Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi launched a palace coup, and Wu Zetian was forced to abdicate and died soon. Her sons Li Xian and Li Dan successively inherited the throne. Due to the cowardice and incompetence of the two emperors, the political situation was turbulent. The imperial court often struggled with restoration and repeated restoration and conspiracy to seize power. In order to prevent Wu Sansi and Empress Wei from trying to usurp the world in the Tang Dynasty, at this critical moment in history, (once an emperor, his brother Zhong Chong remained after the restoration) and the son of Li Dan (the grandson of Wu Zetian) and his aunt Princess Taiping (the only biological daughter of Gao Zong and Wu Zetian) launched a palace coup. Li Longji seized the throne by force and stabilized the turbulent political situation. After he succeeded to the throne, he eliminated the remnants of Wu Wei, carried out drastic reforms, and appointed Yao Chong and Song Jing, who were familiar with official management, as prime ministers, and made great efforts to govern the country. In the twenty-ninth year of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty (the 30th year of Kaiyuan was changed to the first year of Tianbao), politics was stable, economy was prosperous and developed, and poetry, songs, drama, calligraphy, literature and art all made unprecedented progress. The Tang Dynasty entered its heyday. History is called "the flourishing age of Kaiyuan".
V. Anti-flu Prosperity:
The war between agriculture and Ming Dynasty overthrew the decadent Ming Dynasty. Li Zicheng, the king of Lin, was Emperor Dashun in Beijing for 43 days. Because Wu Sangui, commander-in-chief of Shanhaiguan, was completely annihilated, he defeated Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, together with the forces of Dourgen, the Regent of Qing Dynasty outside Shanhaiguan. After the defeat, the peasant army was forced to retreat to Shaanxi and was wiped out by Wu Sangui several years later. After entering the Qing Dynasty, with the efforts of sourdrang dowager Da Yuer (the empress of Qing Taizong and the sister-in-law of Regent Dourgen), counselor Fan Wencheng and Regent Dourgen, Da Yuer's six-year-old son Fu Lin became the first emperor after entering the Qing Dynasty.
With the assistance of sourdrang dowager and other ministers who took care of their lives, Emperor Shun Han made great efforts to govern the country, laying a good foundation for the prosperous future of Kang Gan. Although he later married Dourgen as sourdrang dowager, and his beloved princess Dong Xiaowan died, he who sees through the world of mortals left home and became a monk in Wutai Mountain. But his contribution to the prosperous times is indelible.
After Fu Lin became a monk, his third prince, Michelle Ye, succeeded to the throne (he ascended the throne at the age of 8, 14) and reigned for 6 1 year, with the year "Kangxi". After Emperor Kangxi came to power, with the help of sourdrang dowager and four ministers who cared about his life, he destroyed Ming, killed Ao Bai, cut San Francisco, swept the king, fell to Taiwan Province, signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar Chu with Russia (the first and only equality treaty signed between the Great Qing Dynasty and foreign powers), and took Gurkha and leveling; And made six southern tours to observe the people's feelings and national conditions and formulate policies to strengthen the country and enrich the people. His literary martial arts made an indelible contribution to the prosperity of the Qing Dynasty.
After the death of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, his fourth prince, Yin Zhen, succeeded to the throne in 13, with the year "Yongzheng". Although Yong Zhengdi was an ungrateful, cruel and diabolical master, he still inherited the legacy of the former emperor and made great efforts to further develop production and make the country richer and stronger. Later, he was killed by Lv Siniang, a descendant of Lv Liuliang who died unjustly.
After the death of Yong Zhengdi, the fourth son, Li Hong, succeeded to the throne for sixty years (four years after abdication), with the title of "Qianlong". After he succeeded to the throne, the government was lenient and peaceful, the political situation was stable, and scenic spots were set, Taiwan Province Province was collected, peace in the sea was set, and four foreigners paid tribute, and countries came to Korea one after another; The domestic people are rich and prosperous, showing a scene of prosperity and development of a peaceful world. /kloc-During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yong Zhengdi and Emperor Qianlong in 0/34 years, it was called "the prosperous time of Kang and Gan" or "the prosperous time of Kang, Yong and Gan".
Looking at the five sea days of China dynasty, the longest is 134, the shortest is 23 years, and the rest are decades. Under that system, how could the prosperous dynasty flourish? To sum up, there are the following points:
First, long-term points must be combined, and long-term points must be divided. Cure the chaos, cure the chaos. This is the inevitable law of historical development. Because of disorder, people hate disorder; Think about it. Think about it. This is what people want, that is, the so-called "weather is not as good as geography, and geography is not as good as human harmony." In the early stage of the fifth heyday, the people were displaced and miserable because of war or civil strife. So they thought about peace for a long time and yearned for common governance. At this time, the clever rulers catered to the people's will and won their support, so there would be success in its heyday.
2. The above rulers can learn from the lessons of the collapse of the previous dynasty, make some concessions to the people, pay less attention to corvee and taxes in their administration, reduce the burden on the people, and gain their support and support. This is what we call people-oriented in the future. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, once said to his ministers: People are boats, and people are water. The knife cuts bread and fingers. Therefore, love the people like children. In this way, the contradiction between the ruler and the ruled is greatly eased, and the factors of social instability are eliminated, thus establishing a social foundation for achieving prosperity through great governance.
Third, respect knowledge, respect talents, select talents from classes, boldly select talents without sticking to one pattern, and reuse talents. Really make the best use of everything and people. In the five heyday, celebrities, famous soldiers and talents came forth in large numbers, which played the role of locomotive for the prosperity and development of the prosperous times.
Fourth, from top to bottom, especially the emperor himself can set an example, take the lead in setting an example and enforce the law in a clean manner. Advocate hard work and thrift, and oppose corruption and waste. Luxury and corruption are prohibited, and corrupt officials are severely punished. It has swept away all social evils and obstacles for the development of the prosperous times and injected new vitality into society.
Five, there is a good wife and a good minister, who can work with the emperor with one heart and one mind, make suggestions for the emperor, share worries with the emperor, and create prosperity and glory with the emperor. Among them, Li Shimin, the eldest grandson of Emperor Taizong, and Dou Shi, the queen of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, are more virtuous.
A+@ ed (~ 3t 0 Sixth, the government should be tolerant of people, open-minded, listen to good words, brainstorm, formulate policies that are in line with national conditions and use them to suppress people's grievances, quell civil strife and foreign invasion, make friends widely, and unite ethnic minorities. "One family under the world" has won a relaxed internal and external environment for the prosperity and development of the prosperous times. The pro-Qin policies of the Tang Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty can be seen.
In a word, the prosperous times of feudal dynasties have their similarities and differences, but they all have certain limitations, which are determined by the social nature. "With copper as a mirror, you can be well dressed; Taking people as a mirror, we can know the gains and losses, and taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall. " Let us remember this history forever!
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