The origin of official script:
In the process of "writing in the same language", Qin Shihuang ordered Li Si to create Xiao Zhuan, and later adopted the official script compiled by Cheng Miao. After Xu Shen recorded this unified winning political writing in Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Han Dynasty, he revived and explored the traditional writing in the Han Dynasty: "... Qin burned scriptures and washed away the old, and the officers and men made outstanding achievements, promoted military defense, and had numerous official and prison posts. At first, it was an official script, so it was fun, and the ancient prose was lost. " "Filial piety into the emperor, called the reader Cang Xie, Zhang Chang from it. Liangzhou secretariat Du Ye, Pei Ren and lecturer Qin Jin can also talk. When Emperor Xiaoping was filial, there were more than a hundred people waiting for him, so that Zi was not in the central court, and Li was regarded as a scholar. Yang Xiong, assistant minister of Huangmen, adopted it as "Xun Debate". Cang Xie's following 14 articles, with a total of 5,340 words, are all included in the group books, but they are rarely preserved ... The county and country often have mountains and rivers, and their inscriptions are ancient Chinese, all of which are self-similar. Although I have seen the distant past again, I can get a brief description of its details ... those who wrote these words ... the predecessors have fallen behind and the descendants have learned the ancient times. So the foundation is innate. Know that the world is big and not chaotic. " However, some people think that the writing speed of Xiao Zhuan as an official script is slow, and the official script becomes a square fold, which improves the writing efficiency. For example, Guo Moruo used "Qin Shihuang's greater achievement in reforming Chinese characters is that he adopted official script" to evaluate its importance (the dialectical development of ancient Chinese characters in the slavery era).
Official script is also called "official character" and "ancient book". It is a font produced on the basis of seal script to meet the needs of convenient writing. The seal script is simplified, and the uniform circle lines of the seal script are changed into straight strokes, which is convenient for writing. This is a font created in prison, which can be divided into "Qin Li" (also known as "Guli") and "Han Li" (also known as "Lishu"). The appearance of Lishu is a great change in ancient writing and calligraphy.
Official script is a common solemn font in Chinese characters, with a slightly flat writing effect, long horizontal drawing and short straight drawing, and pays attention to "swallow tail of silkworm head" and "twists and turns". It originated in the Qin Dynasty and reached its peak in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Calligraphy is known as "Han Li Tang Kai". It is also said that official script originated in the Warring States period.
Official script is relative to seal script, and its name originated from the Eastern Han Dynasty. The appearance of official script is another great change of China characters, which brings China's calligraphy art into a new realm, is a turning point in the development history of Chinese characters, and lays the foundation for regular script. Official script is flat, neat and exquisite. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the painting methods such as skimming, pressing and pointing were beautified as upward provocation, with different degrees of severity and artistic beauty of calligraphy. Styles also tend to be diversified, which is of great artistic appreciation value.
According to legend, Li Shu was compiled by Cheng Miao in prison at the end of Qin Dynasty, which simplified traditional Chinese characters, rounded fonts and changed strokes into straight ones. Changing "Lian Bi" into "broken pen" and changing lines into strokes makes writing more convenient. "Li Ben" is not a prisoner, but a small official, that is, a small official in charge of documents, so in ancient times, official script was called "Zuo Shu". At the same time, cursive script, regular script and running script were derived, which laid the foundation for art.
Official script is basically evolved from seal script, mainly changing the round strokes of seal script into square folds. Because it is difficult to draw round strokes on wooden slips with pigments, the official script is written faster.
Lishu, also called Han Li, is a solemn font commonly used in Chinese characters. Its writing effect is slightly wide and flat, the horizontal painting is long and straight, and it is rectangular, paying attention to "silkworm head and goose tail" and "twists and turns". Lishu originated in the Qin Dynasty and was compiled by Cheng Miao. It reached its peak in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which had a great influence on later calligraphy. Calligraphy is called "Tang Kai of Han Li".