(1) Zhijing: consistent. Emperor Kangxi believed that Xiu De, a gentleman, knew how to respect. Knowing respect means respecting heaven, earth, people and yourself, and having awe. Emperor Kangxi, the supreme position and power, how to restrain himself? As an emperor, "respect" is a constraint on oneself. Respect for heaven, Emperor Kangxi said: "I have been on the pole since I was a child, and I must be sincere and respectful when I worship the altar temple and Buddha." (Kangxi's Courtyard Training) also said: "In previous years, due to drought, I set up an altar in the palace to pray, kneeling for three days and three nights. On the fourth day, I went to the Temple of Heaven to pray, and the oil cloud suddenly began to rain like a note ... I said that I felt it sincerely, so I could invite Tian Jian. " What I'm talking about here is not superstition, but reverence for heaven. We must fear the land under our feet. Respect for others is kindness. "University" said: "Being a gentleman stops at benevolence." Emperor Kangxi's kindness comes from the comparison between his heart and his own, saying, "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you." . Emperor Kangxi respected himself and said, "Eat less and drink less, and be careful with your life." This is about respecting your body and yourself. To respect yourself, we should start with small things: "All mortals should cultivate their self-cultivation and govern their past nature. When we are in the heat of June, we don't need to fan the wind or take off our crown. This is because we don't indulge ourselves on weekdays. " (Kangxi's Courtyard Training) Respect, don't be intermittent, but be "consistent". In short, Emperor Kangxi believed that "respect" was "righteousness". He said: "if you miss respect, you miss righteousness;" Always respect and always be right; Everything is respectful and everything is right. Gentlemen are everywhere and disrespectful, so they are everywhere and unjust. " (Kangxi's Courtyard Motto)
(2) Knowledge and diligence: consistency. Diligence means diligence, not laziness. Emperor Kangxi succeeded to the throne at the age of 8 and died at the age of 69. He worked hard all his life, taking labor as a blessing and escape as a curse. His diligence includes thrift. He said: "The ancestors handed down the family law, and diligence and simplicity became the wind." (Kangxi's "Courtyard Motto") He believes that the important factor of a person's poverty and wealth is not fate, but diligence: "Only patience is not diligent." (Kangxi's Courtyard Training) Therefore, everyone should be willing to study, but study hard. Emperor Kangxi's life is a hard life. Take his diligence as an example. For more than 50 years, he has never slacked off and always obeyed the government. He writes at least 1000 words every day. He said: "Those who are good at calligraphy, although they have more instincts, mostly rely on diligent study. I have been good at reading since I was a child, and I am old this year. Although I am in a hurry, I have to write a few lines non-stop every day, so I have not been abandoned. People who are diligent in learning one thing will increase their skills; If it is abandoned, it will be abandoned. " (Kangxi's Courtyard Training) How to read it? He borrowed Zhu's words: "There must be order and regularity, and perseverance." Therefore, Emperor Kangxi advocated "five dare not" to gentlemen-"diligent practice does not dare to be lazy, restrained desire does not dare to be vertical, frugal, extravagant and arrogant" (the motto of Kangxi's Court Training).
(3) Careful understanding: consistent. Caution is caution. Fairness and prudence should be taken into account in awarding knighthood and punishing knighthood: "Rewarding knighthood and punishing knighthood are the political affairs of the people, and it is prudent to make them public." (Kangxi "Courtyard Training") Emperor Kangxi said: "Everything in the world cannot be neglected. Although it is as easy as it is, it should be handled with caution. Cautious people respect you! Respect yourself when you have nothing to do; When you encounter something, you will respect it, and you will start with it, think carefully, and learn to be safe. " (Kangxi's Courtyard Training) Emperor Kangxi also said: "When mortals come, no matter how big or small, they must be judged and judged, so that they can have no worries." (Kangxi's "Courtyard Training") is cautious and has no regrets. Be cautious not only at work, but also in life: "People who are old and live long are extremely cautious on weekdays. Even in diet, I dare not overdo it. " (Kangxi's Courtyard Training) In short, Emperor Kangxi was cautious all his life: "Be cautious and never miss the night." (Record of the Holy Father in Qing Dynasty, Volume 275)
(4) Zhi Zhi: Always. One should not only know the ups and downs, but also know the points; It is necessary to know how to move forward and change to satisfy Zhi Zhi. Know floating, not arrogant; If you know how to sink, you will not be embarrassed; Know each other, not alone; Knowing points can be unbeaten; Know that progress can last forever; Knowing change, you can not be stiff; Content, do not insult; Zhi Zhi, it's okay. Emperor Kangxi, as a king, especially encouraged himself to quit and was content with Zhi Zhi. Emperor Kangxi said: "The clothes in the world are nothing more than quilts, and thousands of dollars of clothes are still not enough. I don't know if the clothes are solid. " Food is not enough to fill the intestines, but 10 thousand yuan of food is still not enough. I don't know that people who drink ladybugs are impregnable and happy! I have noticed this and I am always satisfied. Although you are the son of heaven, your clothes don't suit you; It is rich in the four seas, and every meal every day has never tasted the same except the reward. This is not something I don't want to do, but in our nature. You see that I am so thrifty and virtuous, which is really encouraging. "(Kangxi's Courtyard Training) Emperor Kangxi was very satisfied with Zhi Zhi, neither inscribed nor boasted. He refused the minister's request to erect a monument for him, saying: "Whoever erected a monument is only a temporary name, which cannot be compared with the history of the ages. This matter should be stopped. "He is not allowed to give him titles. In the twentieth year of Kangxi (168 1), the minister asked for your honorific title for suppressing the rebellion in San Francisco. He thinks that "this performance is useless" and is not allowed. Two years later, Taiwan Province Province drew a map and ministers invited them to be decorated. He thought that "I don't want any more trouble", and two are not allowed; After playing the request again, the minister said "no need to do it" and three are not allowed; In the same year, the leaders of Khalkha Mongolia jointly wrote a letter, please add a name, and four are not allowed; In the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi (1697), after the victory of galdan's three levies, please ask the minister to cash it, and five are not allowed; Later governors, officials, etc. went to Changchun Garden to seek titles again, and ordered them to "play again" after that, and six were not allowed; In the forty-first year of Kangxi (1702), Emperor Kangxi celebrated his 50th birthday. The princes and officials invited him to be honored, but he "refused eventually" and refused for seven times. On the occasion of Emperor Kangxi's Hua Jia's birthday, ministers praised him for surpassing the three kings and two emperors of Germany and Vietnam and asked him to be "filial". He replied: "I don't like to abolish Chen Gongde, and adding a false name to your honor is not good for governance." "Emperor Kangxi's literary martial arts and outstanding talents are really rare among the emperors in China. What's more commendable is that he said eight words of respect to ministers, and he always resolutely refused compliments and compliments from others. In the forty-first year of Kangxi (1702), on September 24th, Ashan, the governor of Liangjiang, said that the abundant local crops were the result of the great kindness of the emperor. On the contrary, Emperor Kangxi gave him the answer: "If the clouds are all the presence of Emperor Hongfu, and the kindness is spread far away, then several places north of the Yangtze River and several places in Shandong are flooded, and there are many people eating, so it is inconsistent with heaven to suppress non-blessings and the kindness is not broadcast. "For sixty-one years, Emperor Kangxi was humble and arrogant, and never liked others to flatter and praise him too much.
(5) Knowledge and learning: consistency. Knowing learning means attaching importance to reading and learning. Emperor Kangxi aspired to be lofty. He said: saints are only interested in learning all their lives. "The trend of ambition is not far away; Wherever you want to go, you can go and be invincible "(Kangxi's" Court Training "). What is the difference between mortals and laity, sages and saints? It is consistent and persistent in reading and learning: "Beginners are determined, but you are brave and diligent, especially you are loyal and persistent." (Kangxi "Courtyard Training") Emperor Kangxi studied, persisted all his life, and never let go. He has read Daxue (1753 words), The Doctrine of the Mean (3,567 words), The Analects of Confucius (15,876 words) and Mencius (3,526/kloc-0 words), totaling 56,457 words, and can recite/kloc. Emperor Kangxi studied all his life and never put down his books until he was old. Emperor Kangxi was a learned emperor.
In a word, these qualities of Emperor Kangxi are not violent and cold, nor superficial, but "consistent". The precious achievement of Emperor Kangxi is the word "one". In the words of Emperor Kangxi, it is "the public welfare is universal, and the heart of the world is the heart." Emperor Kangxi highlighted the word "one" but produced the word "stiff". But he is still a thousand-year-old emperor in the history of China.
-From the 26th lecture of Emperor Kangxi, One Emperor in One Thousand Years.