From Zhang Tang's Huai Guan's Broken Wang Xizhi: "Wang Xizhi's book is willing to be edited, and the pen is incisive."
Allusion: According to legend, Wang Xizhi wrote on the board, and when the carpenter carved it, he found that the handwriting penetrated into the board for three minutes.
The calligraphy description behind is very powerful. Nowadays, the problem of metaphor analysis is very profound.
2. High mountains and flowing water (Yu Boya, Zhong Ziqi)
From Liezi Tang Wen: "Boya drums and harps, aiming at climbing mountains, Zhong Ziqi said:' Well, I am as tall as Mount Tai. "Regarding running water, he said,' Well, the ocean is like a river.' "
Allusion: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Yu Boya, a doctor in the State of Jin, was very good at playing the piano. He went to Ma 'anshan, Chu and met Zhong Ziqi. They talked about the rules of piano very speculatively. When Boya saw mountains and flowing water, he played a song. Zhong Ziqi said happily that there were rivers in Mount Tai. The two became bosom friends. The following year, Boya visited Zhong Ziqi and learned that Zhong Ziqi had passed away, sadly destroying the piano at the grave.
Metaphor is a confidant or bosom friend, and also a metaphor for music.
3, hidebound (Mozi)
From the Preface to Poems of a Thousand Retreat Mountains written by Huang Mingzong Xi: "If Zhong Rong distinguishes the schools in Poems, he has never stuck to one view."
Allusion: During the Warring States Period, carpenter Mo Zhai advocated universal love and non-aggression, and popularized his theory everywhere. The State of Chu wanted to attack the State of Song, and Lu Ban designed a ladder for the Chu army to attack the city. Mozi hastened to dissuade war. The king of Chu asked Mozi to compete with Lu Ban in offensive and defensive battles. Mozi was good at defense, and Lu Ban lost. The king of Chu had to give up attacking the state of Song.
The latter refers to being conservative and refusing to change the old rules.
4. Teacher of One Word (Zheng Gu)
From Song Jigong's Chronicle of Tang Poetry: "Zheng Gu changed the poem" Morning Plum "written by Miracle, a monk, from" several flowers bloom "to" one flower blooms ". Thanks, people regard Gu as a word teacher. "
Allusion: Zheng Gu is in Yuanzhou, and Miracle pays tribute to his poems. There is a poem in "Morning Plum": "There were a few branches in Qiancun, Zita Law last night." Gu said, "It's not early or different to count them. It's better this way. Miracle suddenly felt that he was worshipping with three clothes. Shilin naturally takes the valley as the teacher of' one word hall'. "
The latter refers to a teacher who can correct a typo or point out which word in an article sentence is bad. Metaphorically speaking, learning something from others is also your own teacher.
5. Honey Lip Sword (Li)
From Song Sima Guang's The First Year of Tianbao of Xuanzong in Tang Jian: "Avoid the scribes especially, or be kind to them, and spit them out with sweet words. The world says that Li Fulin' has honey in his mouth and a sword in his stomach'. "
Allusion: Li Tang Xuanzong ()' s Ministry of War Shangshu was an official, but he didn't do his business, blindly accommodating and catering to Xuanzong's will. Li is in contact with ordinary people. He always shows friendliness and cooperation in appearance, and all he says is nice and kind words. But in fact, he is a very cunning and insidious person, who often gives bad ideas to harm people. It took a long time for people to discover this hypocrisy, so everyone said behind his back that he had "honey in his mouth and a sword in his stomach." That is: the mouth is sweet, but the sword in the heart hurts.
Sweet in the mouth but hard in the heart. Describe a two-faced person who is cunning and insidious, referring to a person with a snake and a scorpion heart.
6. A golden word (Lv Buwei)
From Historical Records Biography of Lv Buwei: "Xianyang City Gate hangs a thousand dollars, and those who can increase or decrease a word will be given a thousand dollars."
Allusion: At the end of the Warring States Period, Lv Buwei, a big businessman, spared no expense to support the King of Qin as the King of Qin. Makes when the king of Qin, named Lv Buwei as prime minister. In order to improve his reputation and convince everyone, Lv Buwei ordered 3,000 people to write 26 volumes 160 articles entitled Lv Chunqiu. After writing, Lv Buwei ordered the full text to be copied and posted on the gate of Xianyang, and issued a notice: "Whoever can add or subtract one article or even change one will be rewarded with 1,200 gold." The notice has been posted for a long time, and people are afraid of Lv Buwei's power, and no one comes to ask for it. So the story of "a word is worth a thousand dollars" has been passed down to this day.
Later, it was used to praise the exquisiteness and high value of poetry, and also to refer to the preciousness of calligraphy works.
7. One thousand yuan for a meal (Han Xin)
From "Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou": "The letter was caught at the gate, and many floating mothers drifted. A mother saw the letter and was hungry, so she ate it, but it drifted for dozens of days. " And: "trust the country, if you drift away with your mother, give 1000 yuan."
Allusion: Han Xin was born in poverty, his parents died young, and there was no one else to rely on, so he had to go fishing by the river every day to satisfy his hunger with fish. One day, Han Xin met an old woman. Seeing that he was skinny and bloodless, the old woman gave him some food of her own. For several days, the old woman delivered meals to Han Xin every day. Han Xin was very grateful and said to the old woman, "If you take care of me like this, I will definitely repay you in the future." After Han Xin became king of Chu, he went back to his hometown to see the old woman, thanked her again and again, and gave her 1,200 gold.
After referring to the goodwill of others, don't forget that although goodwill is small, even a little help is valuable in times of difficulty; It is reasonable to reward welfare people heavily when they have the ability.
8. Make a comeback (Xie An)
From the biography of Xie Jin: "He lived in seclusion in Huiji Dongshan, and returned to Huan Wen Sima in his forties. He was transferred to important positions such as Zhongshu and Situ, and Jinshi relied on it to turn the corner. "
Allusion: Xie An was born in Yangxiacheng County (now Taikang, Henan Province) and came from a noble family. When I was young, I was good friends with Wang Xizhi, and I often traveled in the east mountain of Huiji, reciting poems and talking about articles. He was very famous among the literati class at that time, and everyone thought he was a very talented person. But he would rather live in seclusion in Dongshan than be an official. At that time, there was a saying among the literati: "What will the people do if Xie An doesn't come out to be an official?" It was not until he was in his forties that he came out to be an official again. Because Xie An lived in seclusion for a long time, he later called it a "comeback" and came out as an official again.
The latter refers to regaining an important position, and also refers to regaining power after losing power.
9. Poor picture (Jing Ke)
From "The Warring States Policy Yance III": "The King of Qin said:' From now on, take the map held by Wuyang. "I picked up the photo and presented it. Send a picture, and the picture shows the dagger. "
Allusions: At the end of the Warring States Period, Yan Wangdan asked Jing Ke and Qin Wuyang to assassinate Ying Zheng, the king of Qin. He sent Fan's head and the map of Yan State to Jing Ke, and Jing Ke was very happy. Jing Ke unfolded the map of Yan State, revealing a sharp dagger, and immediately grabbed the dagger and stabbed the king of Qin. The king of Qin drew his sword to resist, and the guards took the opportunity to kill Jing Ke.
Eventually, the truth or intention is revealed.
10, an armchair strategist (Zhao Kuo)
From Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
Allusion: Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She, a famous soldier of the State of Zhao in the Warring States, studied the art of war when he was young, but his father couldn't beat him in military affairs. Later, he succeeded Lian Po as Zhao Jiang in the Battle of Changping. I only know how to do it according to Sun Tzu's Art of War, but I don't know how to change it. As a result, I was defeated by Qin Jun, and later the idiom "an armchair strategist" came into being.
Metaphor empty talk theory can't solve practical problems, which also means that empty talk can't become a reality.
1 1, pick up the pole (Bobby Chen)
From Han Jiayi's "On Qin": "Cutting firewood for soldiers and uncovering poles for flags."
Allusion: In 209 BC, Yangcheng local officials sent officials to escort more than 900 able-bodied men to Yuyang to guard the border. Officials chose Bobby Chen and Guangwu to manage the able-bodied men. When they arrived in osawa township in heavy rain, they couldn't arrive on time. According to the law of the Qin Dynasty, all these people must be put to death. Chen Sheng and Guangwu had no choice but to raise a bamboo pole as a banner for the uprising.
Later refers to the people's uprising.
12, where there is a will, there is a way (Sean)
From Shi Hou: "My father went to the office and came back and said,' I can teach you.' "
Allusion: During the Warring States Period, the son of the Korean Ji fled to Xiapi to hide because of the attempted assassination of Qin Shihuang, and was renamed as. One day, while walking on Qinshui Bridge, he met an old man whose shoes fell under the bridge. He took the initiative to pick it up and put it on him. The old man thought he was an obedient child, so he taught him Sun Tzu's Art of War. After careful study, he became Liu Bang's counselor.
Then you can train young people.
13, embattled (Xiang Yu)
From Historical Records of Xiang Yu's Biography: "Wang Xiang's army fell on the city, serenaded its food, and the Han army and the vassal soldiers surrounded it. At night, I heard that the Han army was besieged on all sides. Wang Xiang was shocked and said, "Did the Han army capture Chu?" ? He Chu has so many people. " "
Allusions: Chu-Han dispute, after Xiang Yu captured Qin Dou, he burned and looted, and the people complained bitterly. Hanwang Liu Bang took the opportunity to attack Xiang Yu, who wanted to return to China in splendor, and let the army surround Xiang Yu, setting a plan of "being besieged on all sides". Xiang Yu thought that the Han army had captured Chu and that the sky was going to destroy him, so he had to sing while drinking and died miserably.
The latter metaphor is trapped in a situation of being attacked on all sides and isolated.
14, joined the army (Ban Chao)
From the Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty: "If a gentleman has no other ambition, he should still serve Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian in a foreign country to get a title. Can he live in peace for a long time? "
Allusion: In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Chao made a living by copying documents for the government and supporting his mother because of his poor family. But he thinks it's no good copying and writing like this. Just when the Xiongnu invaded Han in the north, he threw down his pen and resolutely signed up to join the army and became an officer, which made great contributions in the battle. He suggested to the imperial court to establish diplomatic relations with countries in the western regions, and the imperial court sent him to the western regions.
The latter refers to literati joining the army.
15, Destroy things (Your Majesty)
From Shangshu Wucheng: "Today's Shang kings suffer from no way, violently waste natural things and abuse the people."
Allusions: At the end of Shang Dynasty, Zhou Wang and Di Xin used cruel internal ruling methods and used their troops abroad for many years, which led to political corruption and social unrest in Shang Dynasty. Ji Fa, the king of Wu, said before conquering the Shang and Zhou Dynasties: "I, Ji Fa, the king of Zhou Dynasty, will conquer the merchants, because today's merchants are cruel and heartless, wantonly destroying natural creatures such as birds, animals, plants and other animals, and torturing and abusing people. He not only became the leader of fugitive criminals, but also made the city of Shang Dynasty a den where criminals concentrated. I have received assistance from people with lofty ideals, so I dare to worship God's will and go to the town for disaster relief. " In the end, the Shang and Zhou Dynasties fought a decisive battle in Konoha, Zhou Wang suffered a fiasco, died of self-immolation, and the Shang Dynasty perished.
In the original Bible, the phrase "wasting things" originally refers to Zhou Wang's wanton destruction of nature, and later evolved into an idiom to describe wasting material resources without knowing how to cherish them.
16, passing through Chencang (Han Xin)
From the second fold of Yuan Anonymous "Darkness": "With the road paved by Fan Kuai, I can darken the ancient Chencang road. This Chu soldier doesn't know if he is wise, so he must arrange troops to guard the plank road. I cut the ancient Chencang Road and killed it unexpectedly. "
Allusion: After Xiang Yu destroyed Qin at the end of Qin Dynasty, he claimed to be the overlord of Xi Chu, betraying the agreement that the first attacker in Xianyang was king. Liu Bang was extremely dissatisfied and led the troops into Sichuan. He burned the plank road in Bashu along the way and became Hanwang. With the help of Han Xin, Liu Bang built a plank road in the Ming Dynasty and made Zhang Han, the general of Xiang Yu, king of the Central Plains.
The latter metaphor confuses the other side with an illusion, but in fact it has other plans.
17, Anger (Lin Xiangru)
From "Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "It seems to support the wall and lean on the column, and it is angry and rushing to the crown."
Allusion: During the Warring States Period, the King of Qin promised King Hui of Zhao that he would exchange 15 cities for the harmony of Zhao. Influenced by the State of Qin, the Prince of Zhao sent Lin Xiangru to exchange with Choi. The king of Qin kept silent about the city. Lin Xiangru recaptured Heshibi with one move and said angrily, "If I don't exchange with the city, I will die with Heshibi."
Angry hair stood on end, wearing a hat. Describe extreme anger.
18, I can't let go (Lv Meng)
Quoting the Biography of Jiang Biao from the Biography of the Three Kingdoms Wu Shu Monroe: "I can't let go of Wudang's military forces."
Allusion: During the Three Kingdoms period, General Monroe of the State of Wu had no cultural knowledge, and Sun Quan encouraged him to study history books and art of war. Lv Meng always said that the army had too much to learn. Sun Quan cited examples from himself and his predecessors, such as "He has been in charge of Wudang military affairs, and Meng De is also called an old studious man." Monroe was deeply moved. He studied hard and made rapid progress in his knowledge.
The latter refers to a book that never leaves his hand, describing being diligent and eager to learn.
19, Must (Cao Gui)
From "Ten Years of Zuo Zhuan and Zhuang Gong": "It takes courage to fight. Make a big noise, then decline, and then exhaust. "
Allusions: During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Qi bullied and attacked the State of Lu, and Duke Zhuang of Lu led an army to meet the enemy. When the two armies met, they beat the drums together, but Lu didn't beat the drums under his leadership. The morale of the Qi army was already very low when it beat the drum for the third time, and the Lu army beat the drum for the first time. With high morale, the Lu army defeated the Qi army.
Later, it was more metaphorical to get things done in one fell swoop when you are quick-thinking and energetic, or to go all out to rush forward.
20, terminally ill (Cai Huangong)
From "Zuo Zhuan's Ten Years of Success": "Illness can't be done, embarrassment can't be attacked, and ointment can't be attacked. If you can't reach it, the medicine is not thorough. "
Allusion: During the Spring and Autumn Period, King Gong Jing of Jin was seriously ill, and Duke Huan of Qin sent a famous doctor to treat him slowly. When I arrived in the State of Jin, I met Duke Jing of Jin, felt my pulse, shook my head and sighed, saying, "Your majesty's illness has reached the upper part of the stomach and the lower part of the ointment, so the medicine can't reach." Sure enough, before long, Duke Jing of Jin died of illness.
Describe the condition as very serious and incurable. Metaphor things to the point of irretrievable.
2 1, cross the rubicon (Xiang Yu)
From "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "Xiang Yu got the reward, led his troops to cross the river, all sank, broke the kettle, burned the house, and gave three meals to show that his soldiers would die, and there was no return."
Allusion: In 207 BC, the Xiang Yu Rebel Army fought with the main force of Qin Jun led by Zhang Han, the general of Qin Dynasty, in Julu (now Xingtai City, Hebei Province); Xiang Yu, not afraid of strong enemies, led his troops across Zhangshui (a river where Julu flows northeast to southeast). After crossing the river, Xiang Yu ordered the whole army: "Anyone who sinks a ship, breaks a cauldron, burns down houses, and leaves three rations to show that the foot soldiers will die, and no one will return to their hearts." In World War I, Julu defeated Qin Jun and Xiang Bing.
After the metaphor, I made up my mind to go all out
22. When caught (Qin Gui)
From the second fold of Kong Yuan Wenqing's East Window Offender: "I am a hidden god, turned into a fool, and leaked the East Window Offender of Qin Taishi in Lingyin Temple."
Allusion: At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin Bing committed a crime in the south, Yue Fei and Li Gang insisted on resisting Jin, and the treacherous court official advocated surrender, so they conspired with their wives to get rid of Yue Fei under the east window. Later, he killed Yue Fei on the charge of "unwarranted". Soon, the father and son died of illness, and his wife Wang invited the monks to cross over. The mage said, "exorcist asked me to tell him something happened."
Metaphor after the conspiracy was exposed.
23. Chengmen Sydney (Cheng Yi,)
From Biography of Shi Yang in Song Dynasty: "I was forty years old when I met Cheng Yi in Luo. One day when I saw H, I just sat still, and I stood with you on the left. By the time I felt it, the snow outside the door was already a foot deep. "
Allusion: As far back as the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a scholar named Shi Yang in Jiangdong County, Fujian Province. He especially liked reading, looking for teachers and friends everywhere, and was later recommended to Cheng Yi. One day, you Zuo, who was studying with him, asked Cheng Yi for advice, just in time for the teacher to take a nap in the room. After a while, it snowed heavily, and the rain became more and more urgent, but Shi Yang and Youzuo were still standing in the snow. It was not until Cheng Yi woke up that he found two snowmen outside. From then on, Cheng Yi was deeply moved and tried his best to teach foreigners. Shi Yang didn't expect much, and finally learned all the knowledge of the teacher.
After that, it means that students respect teachers.
24, commonplace (Liu Yuxi)
Liu Yuxi's poem comes from Tang Meng's Poems of Skills and Emotions, which says: "It is common to meddle, and it is completely out of the south of the Yangtze River."
Allusion: Liu Yuxi, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, was demoted to Beijing for his political reform. Sikong Shen Li hosted a banquet for him, during which he ordered a geisha to persuade him to drink by singing and dancing. Liu Yuxi was deeply moved and wrote a poem on the spot: "Gao Ji Yun Gong, the spring breeze is Du Weiniang's song. It is common to meddle and ruin the Jiangnan secretariat. "
It is not surprising that the latter refers to anything.
25, dream pen gives birth to flowers (Li Bai)
From the Five Dynasties Wang Renyu's "Flowers in the Dream of Kaiyuan Tianbao": "When Li Taibai was young, flowers were born on the pen used in his dream, and he became a genius and became famous all over the world."
Allusion: Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, had a strange dream when he was a teenager. He dreamed that the pen tip he used produced bright flowers, and pieces of white paper flew to his eyes automatically. He was so happy that he grabbed the wonderful pen and wrote quickly. What fell on the paper was a blooming flower. Many of his famous poems have survived to this day.
After the metaphor, the writing ability has been greatly improved, and he also described the article as well written.
26, through the paper back (Yan Zhenqing)
From Don Yan Zhenqing's Notes on Zhang Changshi's Twelve-meaning brushwork: "When using the front, I often want to make it pass through the back of the paper, which is very successful."
Allusion: Lu You was an outstanding poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He left more than 9,000 poems, which were extremely rich in content and expressed his political ambitions. His representative works include Guan Shanyue, Farmer's Sigh, Show Your Son, etc. Zhao Yi, a poet in Qing Dynasty, commented on Lu You's poems in Ou Bei Shi Hua: "Lu You's poems are brilliant, fresh, profound, concise and incisive."
After that, the calligraphy was so strong that the nib could penetrate the back of the paper. It also describes poetry as profound in conception and concise in words.
27. Luoyang Paper Expensive (Zuo Si)
From "Zuo Zhuan of the Book of Jin": "Therefore, luxury houses compete for writing, and Luoyang is expensive for paper."
Allusion: There was a famous writer named Zuo Si in the Western Jin Dynasty. Zuo Si was born in poverty, not good at making friends, ugly and stuttering. His father Zuo Yong was very disappointed. Once, in front of him, he said to his friend, "Zuo Si's study can't keep up with my childhood!" " This incident greatly stimulated Zuo Si, and from then on he decided to study hard and finally wrote a good article. It took ten years to write the literary masterpiece Sandu Fu. At first, it was not valued by the people at that time, but was recommended by celebrities such as Huangpu Mi and Zhang Hua, so rich children rushed to preach and write books, and even the price of Luoyang paper became more expensive. Later, people used "Luoyang paper is expensive" to describe articles and works, which was widely circulated.
The post-metaphor works are valuable and widely circulated.
28. The last battle (Han Xin)
From Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou: "Faith is to make ten thousand people go first, go out and then go back. Zhao Jun laughed when he saw it. "
Allusion: Han Xin's troops have to pass through a narrow mountain pass called Jingxingkou. After Han Xin's arrangement, the Han army won. After the war, the generals asked Han Xin, "According to the art of war, this array can carry mountains on its back and face the water. Now you want us to turn our backs on the water array and say that we can beat Zhao Jun and have enough to eat. We didn't believe it at the time, but we really won. What kind of strategy is this? " Han Xin smiled and said, "This is something in the art of war, but you didn't notice it. Didn't Sun Tzu's Art of War say,' You will be born when you are trapped, and then you will live'? If there is a retreat, the soldiers have fled, how can they be desperate! " This story evolved from the idiom "the last battle", which is mostly used in military actions and can also be used in actions with the nature of "decisive battle".
Later, he said that there was no retreat, metaphorically fighting to the death with the enemy.
29. Stay away from the house (Zhong Er, Jin Wengong)
From "Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Twenty-three Years": "Chu Jin ruled the soldiers, met the Central Plains, and ruled the three families."
Allusion: During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was civil strife in Jin State, and Jin Xiangong's son Zhong Er fled to Chu State. King Chu Cheng received him and promised that if there was a war in Chu Jin, the Jin army would stay away from him. Later, Zhong Er returned to the State of Jin with the help of Qin Mugong. The state of Jin supported the struggle between Song and Chu, and the two armies met in Chengpu. Zhong Er avoided, lured the enemy in and won.
After metaphor concession and avoidance, avoid conflict.
30. Forget it (Liu Chan)
From Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu and Biography of Kings, Pei Songzhi quoted Hanshu, Jin Shu and Chunqiu: "Ask Zen:' Do you miss Shu?' Zen said:' I am happy here, but I don't think about Shu. "
Allusion: During the Three Kingdoms period, after Zhuge Liang's death, Wei immediately sent troops to attack Shu. Not only was Shu defeated, but he also voluntarily surrendered and took some old ministers to Wei to be "happy people" and continue to live a life of eating, drinking and being merry. One day, Si Mazhao, a general of Wei State, invited people to perform acrobatics in Shu to humiliate these Shu people. The old ministers were very sad when they saw the acrobatic performance of Shu, but they clapped their hands happily and said, "Good! Yeah! Really beautiful! " There is no sad look at all. Later, Si Mazhao deliberately satirized Adou and said, "What's the matter? Are you happy here? Do you want to relax? " Unexpectedly, A Dou said happily: "I am very happy here, don't think about it."
After having fun in the new environment, I no longer want to go back to the original environment.