"Thousands of fallen trees and mountains, the sky is far and wide, and the moon is clear across the Chengjiang River." This is an impromptu work written by Huang Tingjian, a famous poet in the Song Dynasty, when he was on the Kuai Pavilion when he was the county magistrate in Taihe. Chengjiang Town is the seat of Taihe County. It was called Xichang City in ancient times. It was later renamed Chengjiang Town because the Chengjiang River passed through it. It is the political, economic and cultural center of Taihe. Green mountains and green waters, graceful egrets, and an ancient town at the foot of Jinggang Mountain will take you into an idyllic magical world.
The whole poem is as follows:
Entering the Kuai Pavilion by Huang Tingjian
The idiot has left the public's family affairs, and the east and west of the Kuai Pavilion rely on the evening sun.
Thousands of fallen trees and mountains, the sky is far and wide, and the moon is clearly visible along the Chengjiang River.
Zhu Xian is already a beautiful woman. Green eyes chat because of good wine.
After traveling thousands of miles back to the boat to play the flute, I am in alliance with the white gull!
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian was appointed as the magistrate of Taihe County in Jizhou (now Taihe, Jiangxi Province). After official duties, the poet often went to "Chengjiang River to see the vastness of the mountains and the scenery." Tsinghua University is named after "Qingyi Rule Ji'an Mansion") Kuaige sightseeing. The famous seven rhythms of this song are written about what I saw and felt when I came to the stage. It embodies the poet's aesthetic taste and artistic ideas, so it is often regarded as a representative work by critics.
Generally speaking, the beginning of an article or poem is often difficult, so some writers often cut off the beginning. This is because at the beginning, the author has not integrated with the situation of the work, so it is easy to Posturing. The beginning of Huangshan Valley's poem is narrated in popular colloquial language, but it is also wonderfully conceived and draws people in. The poet said, After finishing my business, I, an idiot, climbed up to the Kuai Pavilion. In the afterglow of the evening clear sky, I leaned on the railing and looked out into the distance. These two sentences may seem simple and simple, but they contain extremely rich content: the first sentence is based on the words of Xiahou Ji recorded in the "Book of Jin: Fu Xian's Biography", "If you give birth to an idiot, you will end up in official affairs, and official affairs will not be easy." The following sentence uses Du Fu's "Focus on the Hanjiang Yishan Pavilion" and Li Shangyin's "The eternal soul leans on the dusk clouds", and there are many wonderful innovations. The word "idiot" translates the meaning of the predecessors, and it is one of the humorous things to recognize oneself as a "idiot"; the word "luoque" exaggerates the poet's joyful mood of relief, which is similar to the meaning of "kuaige" "Kuai" echoes implicitly, thus adding a sense of cohesion. This is a wonderful use. The three words "Yi Wanqing" are even more deviant from the stereotypes of the predecessors. The "reliance" in Du's poem refers to leaning on the mountain pavilion, which is a narration of the real situation; the "reliance" in Li's poem, the subject is "eternal soul", which is derived from the fantasy of the virtual environment; the "reliance" in Huang's poem can be said to be both virtual and real; the poet's "reliance" "Leaning" is a real scene, but it is leaning against the boundless clear sky at dusk. Reading these three works is like an artistic photography. In the backlight of the sunset, the back of the poet and the pavilion...
Not only that, the three words "leaning on the sunset" also serve as the meaning of the next sentence. The description and the foreshadowing made the poet burst out the swan song of "the falling trees on thousands of mountains and the vast sky, the clear moon along the Chengjiang River". Looking at countless autumn mountains from a distance, the fallen leaves on the mountains are falling, and the vast sky seems more vast at this time. The Chengjiang River, as clear as jade, flows under the Kuai Pavilion. The crescent moon is reflected in the river, making it even more... The sky is bright and clear. This is a description of the beautiful scenery the poet saw when he first climbed up to Kuai Ge Pavilion, and it is also a portrayal of the poet's broad mind. Reading such poems, people can't help but think of Du Fu's famous lines "The boundless falling trees are rustling, the endless Yangtze River is rolling in" and Xie Tiao's "The remaining clouds are scattered into ribbons, and the clear river is as pure as practice". However, Huangshangu's poems not only absorb the nourishment of the predecessors and refine them, but also represent a new realm. Therefore, predecessors have commented on these two sentences: "The artistic conception is so enlightening that it can actually reveal the secrets that have not been revealed in ancient and modern times." (Zhang Zongtai's "Collection of Learning from Lu Zhai")
The fifth and sixth sentences, It is the middle sentence in which the poet skillfully uses allusions. The previous sentence uses the story of holding the qin with the boy's teeth to thank his close friend. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals: Original Flavor Chapter" records: "When Zhong Ziqi died, Boya broke the qin and cut off the strings. He never played the qin again, thinking that there was no one who could play the qin again." The latter sentence uses Ruan Ji's blue eyes. According to historical records, Ruan Ji was good at having blue eyes and white eyes. "When he meets people with polite customs, he will look at them with white eyes." When he sees people he likes, he will "see blue eyes." The general meaning of these two sentences of the poet is that because my close friend was away, I broke the strings on my piano and stopped playing, so I had no choice but to drink some wine and talk to relieve my worries.
The word "horizontal" is used very vividly here, which brings out the image of the poet being helpless, lonely and bored.
In the conclusion, the poet said that he hopes to get on the return boat, play the melodious flute, and return to his distant hometown - my heart has already made a covenant with the white gull. Judging from the structure of the whole poem, this ending is quite exciting: at the beginning, the poet starts from "the idiot is done with the official family affairs", revealing his boredom with the official life and the desire to climb up to the pavilion to enjoy the natural scenery; then; , gradually entering a better state, the poet is intoxicated in the beautiful scenery of falling trees, thousands of mountains, clear rivers and bright moon, which is in sharp contrast with the "resolution" of "public affairs" at the beginning; the poet writes five or six sentences over and over again: On the good day In the beautiful scenery, the poet's inner worries came out of nowhere. The poet felt the pain of being unable to realize his ambitions and being understood by no one. So, where is the way out? This naturally leads to the poet's thoughts of "returning to the ship" and "white gull". This ending not only echoes the beginning, but also follows the trend of the ending, giving people a "sense of spiraling down" (Pan Boying's comment). And the meaning is meaningful and makes people imagine endlessly.
This poem is highly praised by future generations. Yao Nai called this poem "a bold and rhyming poem, which moves Taibai's song within the seven rhymes"; Fang Dongshu commented: "It starts with four sentences and narrates and writes, and then goes to the vastness, and five or six sentences are popular. End. Especially bold. This is the so-called person who combines the spirit of single line with the couple. "These comments are very pertinent. Weng Fanggang commented on Huangshan Valley's poems: "Besides Po Gong, there is another one with an extremely high character, an extremely high state, and the vitality of creation is fully vented." If you recite this poem carefully, you should know it.
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