② The conscious stage of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: the formation of scholar groups; Improvement of stationery such as pen, ink and paper.
Representative table-Wang Xizhi, a "sage of books", whose running script is "flowing and agile as a dragon", and his book Preface to Lanting is known as "the best running script in the world".
③ The Sui and Tang Dynasties reached a new peak: the background-the unification of Sui and Tang Dynasties, the prosperous weather.
Achievements —— The four masters in the early Tang Dynasty (Chu Suiliang, Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan and Xue Ji) not only had the calligraphy notes of Zhang Xu and the autobiography notes of Huai Su, but also had the inscriptions of Ou Yangxun Jiuchenggong and Yan Zhenqing (regular script), which were correct, beautiful and powerful. He was born when regular script was popular, which was contrary to Wang Xizhi's typical example and led the new trend of calligraphy. Dover Pagoda, Oriental Painting Monument, Magu Xiantan, Guojiamiao Monument, Yan Monument, Liu Gongquan Shence Army Monument, etc. Calligraphy theory, which pays attention to standardizing statutes, is becoming more and more mature.
④ The citizenization of calligraphy art in the Song Dynasty: background-the heavy writing in the Song Dynasty, the rise of the civic class and the colorful social life.
In the art of calligraphy, Su Shi (dark clouds in the sky, poems about spring scenery in Dongting, old poems about Zhongshan Song, poems about spring posts, poems about drinking, poems about cold food, and notes on drunken pavilions) and Huang (see pavilion), who are famous for their running scripts, appeared.
⑤ Strengthening the citizenization of calligraphy art in Ming Dynasty: With the further popularization and secularization of society, the personalized creation of calligraphy in Ming Dynasty was strengthened. The representative figures are Wen Zhiming and Dong Qichang's "Jiang Yan's Book Kutu Postscript".